ol about making of indian constitution

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Submitted to:Raddhika maam Submitted
by:Amulya

2. CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA

4. MEANING OF CONSTITUENT
ASSEMBLY
The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the
Constitution of India. Following India's independence from Great Britain, its
members served as the nation's first Parliament

5. Objective of the ConstituentObjective of the Constituent
AssemblyAssembly
 To draft the constitution
 To approve the constitution
 To promulgate the constitution

7. MAKING OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION
• CONSTITUTION:- A body of well defined laws to
govern a state.

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What Is Constitution
The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. All other laws have to conform to
the Constitution. The constitution contains laws concerning the government and its
relations with the people.
A constitution is concerned with 2 main aspects:-
a) The relation between the different levels of government and
b) Between the government and the citizens.
Constitution
...
…Government The People

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Why Do We Need Constitution?
I. We need a constitution to govern a country properly.
II. The constitution defines the nature of political system of a country.
III. sometimes we feel strongly about an issue that might go against our larger interests
and the constitution helps us guard against this.
IV. All the 3 organs of government (executive, legislature and judiciary) functions within
the constitution. All the 3 organs of government, including ordinary citizens, derive
their power and authority (i.e. Fundamental Right) from the constitution. If they act
against it, it is unconstitutional and unlawful.
So constitution is required to have authoritative allocation of power and function,
and also to restrict them within its limit.

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Why Do We Need Constitution?

12. NEHRU REPORT (1928)
Motilal Nehru and 8 other leaders drafted a
constitution.

13. KARACHI OF INDIAN NATIONAL
CONGRESS(1931)
Along with Nehru Report, it highlighted the inclusion of the following in the
Indian Constitution:-

14. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT
(1935)
Government of India Act of 1935 provided
details for preparing the base of Indian
Constitution

15. ELECTION OF 1937
Congress won 78 seats. It helped Indians to
gain experience in working of the
Legislature Institutions.

16. INDIAN LEADERS WERE INSPIRED
BY:-
1. Ideals of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity Of Fundamental
Rights.
2. Practice of Parliamentary Democracy in Britain.
3. Bill of Rights in the United States of America.

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The Framing of Constitution of India.
The 63rd Republic Day Celebrations on 26th January
2012 at New Delhi, India

18. SET UP OF CONSTITUENT
ASSEMBLY
Constituent Assembly was set up as per the Cabinet Mission
Proposal of May 1946 by Sir Stafford Cripps Alexander
Lawrence.

19. The Constituent Assembly
•The British sent a group of officials known as the cabinet mission
•The cabinet mission formed the constituent assembly in Dec 1946
•There was a dispute among the Indian national leaders and the partition took
place.
•After the partition and independence the constituent assembly took up the
work for framing the constitution.
•There were 308 members who were elected by the Provincial Legislative
Assembly.
•The congress ensured that all the communities get equal recognition

20. CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY
• The Constituent Assembly, consisting of indirectly elected
representatives, was set up for the purpose of drafting a
constitution for India. In the event, it remained in being for almost
three years, acting as the first parliament of India after
independence in 1947..
• The Assembly met for the first time in New Delhi on 9 December
1946. The last session of the Assembly was held in November
1949. Over the course of this period (two years, eleven months
and eighteen days), the Assembly held eleven sessions, sitting on
a total of 165 days. The hope behind the Assembly was expressed
by Jawaharlal Nehru: "The first task of this Assembly is to free
India through a new constitution, to feed the starving people, and
to clothe the naked masses, and to give every Indian the fullest
opportunity to develop himself according to his capacity."

24. ANGLO INDIAN COMMUNITY
ANGLO INDIAN COMMUNITY:- It was
represented by the leader named “Frank
Anthony”.

25. PARSIS
PARSIS:- They were represented by the
leader named “H.P. Modi”

26. Some Members Of Constituent
Assembly

27. Prominent Leaders
• Some of the prominent leaders were-
– Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
– Sardar Patel
– Mualana Azad
– S.P Mookerji
– K.M Munshi
– Sir Tej Bahadur
– A.K Ayyar
– H.N Kunzru
– C.Rajagopalachari
– Sarojini Naidu
– Vijay Laxmi Pandit
– Frank Anthony- Anglo Indians
– Dr. H.C Mookerjee- Christians
– H.P Mody- Parsis

28. MAIN MALE MEMBERS
Main Male Members of the Constituent
Assembly were:-

29. MAIN WOMEN MEMBERS
Main Women Members of the Constituent
Assembly were:-

30. PRESIDENT
President of Constituent Assembly was:-

31. CHAIRMAN
Chairman of the Drafting Committee was:-

32. Drafting the Constitution
• Drafting committee was formed
with 8 members, under the
chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
• The committee studied the
constitutions of various countries
and took the good features from
every constitution and included
them in the Indian Constitution.
• The draft was prepared by February
1948.

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Borrowed features of Constitution of India
1.From U.K. - Nominal Head – President, Cabinet System of Ministers, Post of PM, Parliamentary Type of Govt.,
Bicameral Parliament, Lower House more powerful, Council of Ministers responsible to Lower House, Provision
of Speaker in Lok Sabha.
2.From U.S.A- Written constitution, Appointment of Vice President, Fundamental Rights, Supreme court,
Head of the state known as president, Provision of states, Judicial review
7.From Canada- Federal System and Residuary powers
4.From USSR- Fundamental Duties, Five year plan
3.From Australia- Concurrent List, Centre-State relationship, Language of the Preamble
5.From Germany- Emergency provisions
6.From Japan- Law on which the Supreme Court functions
8.From South Africa- Procedure of constitutional amendment
9.From Ireland- Concept of Directive Principles of state policy.

34. FRANCE
USS
R
BRITAIN
IRELAND
UNITED
STATES OF
AMERICA

35. Public Opinion
• After the draft was ready is was
published in all the newspapers.
• this was done to enable the
people to read the draft and give
their views on it.
• It was discussed at great length.
• The session were attended by
hundreds of people and the press.

36. 1. Indian Constitution was made on:-
2. Indian Constitution was enforced
on :-

37. ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUION
• On 26 November 1949 the constitution
was finally approved and signed the
member of the constituent assembly.
• It took 3 years and costed Rs 6.4 crores.
• The new constitution came into effect on
26 January 1950.
• C. Rajagopalachari took over from Lord
Mountbatten and became the first
Governor General of India.
• India became a republic and Dr. Rajendra
Prasad was the first President.

38. In December 1929 the congress had passed the
resolution of “Purna Swaraj”. On 26th
January
1930 the first Independence Day was
celebrated by hoisting the tri colour . Although
the constitution as a document was ready in
November 1949 our leaders decided to wait till
26th
January 1950 to adopt the Constitution

39. PREAMBLE