Revenue news 2016 september

dhyq hmÀ¯ 1
sk]vXw-_À 2016 | ]pkvXIw 1 | e¡w 2
hnemkw
FUn-äÀ, dhyq hmÀ¯
C³Ìn-äyq«v Hm^v emâ v Bâ v Unkm-ÌÀ amt-Pvsaâ v
]n.-Sn.-]n. KÀ, Xncp-h--´-]pcw 695 038 t^m¬ : 0471 2365559, ^mIvkv: 0471 2365559
tIcf¯nse a{´namÀ
`‑q-a‑n-b‑p‑w c‑m-{‑ã‑o-b-h‑p‑w
`cW]c‑nj‑vIcW‑w PI‑oba‑mIW‑w
t‑Icf `‑q-hn-n-tbmK
D¯ch‑vþ1967
k‑va‑mÀ«‑mb‑n
h‑nt‑ÃP‑m^‑ok‑pIÄ
kÀ¡mÀ D¯-c-hp-IÄ
DÅS¡w

sk]vXw-_À 20162
No^v FUn-äÀ
F ä‑n P-b‑n‑w-k‑vv s‑F.F.F-k‑v
em³Uv dhyp I½o-jWÀ
FIvknIyp«ohv FUn-äÀ
F³ ]-ß-I‑p-a‑mÀ. s‑F.F.F-k‑v
Ub-d-IvSÀ sF.FÂ.Un.Fw
]{Xm[n] kanXn AwK-§Ä
t‑U‑m. U‑n k-P‑n-X‑v _‑m-_‑p
c‑m-P-t‑K‑m-]‑mÂ s‑I
FUntämdnbÂ AknÌâ v
]‑n F-k‑v a-R‑v-P‑p-f
P‑n I‑r-j‑v-W-I‑p-a‑mÀ
ä‑n BÀ {‑]-i‑m-´‑v
A-P‑v-aÂ F-k‑v
F-Ê‑v _‑n-‑p
kptcjv Fkv
IhÀ, teHu«v
I½yq-Wn-t¡, Xncp-h--´-]pcw
teJIcpsSA`n{]mb§Ä
kÀ¡mcntâXmbncn¡Wsa¶nÃ.
AhbpsS D¯chmZn¯w teJ
IcnÂ am{Xw n£n]vXamWv.
apJ-¡p-dn¸v
Nne kmt¦-XnI Imc-W-§-fmÂ dhyq hmÀ¯ G{]nÂ, Pqsse 2016 se e¡-w {]kn-²o-I-cn-
¡m³ km[n¡m¯-XnÂ amy-hm-b--¡mÀ¡p-≠mb AkuIcy-§Ä¡v tJZw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
hcn-kwJy HSp-¡nb apgp-h³ hcn-¡mÀ¡pw XpS-À¶pÅ aq¶v e¡-§Ä IqSn Ab¨p Xcp-¶-
Xm-Wv. XpSÀ¶pw kl-I-cWw D≠m-I-W-sa¶pw hcn-kw-Jym-Im-em-h[n XoÀ¶-hÀ DS³ BbXv
]pXp-¡-W-sa¶pw XmÂ¸-cy-s¸-Sp-¶p.
FIvknIyq«ohv FUn-äÀ
amy-h-cn-¡m-cpsS {i²bv¡v
P--§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s‑¸-«‑p-Å F-Ã‑m {‑]-i‑v--§-f‑p‑w
s‑s‑I-I‑m-c‑y‑w s‑N-¿‑p-¶ h-I‑p-s‑¸-¶ ‑n-e-b‑v-¡‑v d-h-‑y‑p
h-I‑p-¸‑nÂ I‑r-X‑y-X-b‑mÀ-¶ `-c-W-‑nÀ-Æ-l-W‑w‑, D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-
Ø-c‑p-s‑S I‑m-c‑y-£-a-X hÀ-²‑n-¸‑n-¡Â‑, C-þ-K-t‑h-W³-k‑v‑,
`‑q-a‑n k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨ h‑n-j-b-§-f‑n-s‑e ‑n-b-a-§Ä e-L‑q-I-
c‑n-¡Â‑, D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-Ø-c‑p‑w s‑]‑m-X‑p-P--h‑p-a‑m-b‑p-Å A-I-e‑w
C-Ã‑m-X‑m-¡Â‑, ]-²-X‑n-I-f‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-ä‑p k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--§-
f‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w K‑p-W-§Ä P--§-f‑nÂ F-¯‑n-b‑v-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-
‑p-Å -S-]-S‑n-IÄ C-h A-S‑n-b-´‑n-c {‑]‑m-[‑m-‑y-t‑¯‑m-s‑S
-S-¸‑m-¡‑n h-c‑p-¶-X‑n-‑m-W‑v D-t‑±-i‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. kÀ-¡‑m-
c‑n-s‑â h‑n-I-k- ]-²-X‑n-IÄ‑, e-£‑y-§Ä C-h-b‑p-s‑S
h‑n-h-c-W‑w. d-h-‑y‑p h-I‑p-¸‑nÂ s‑s‑I-I‑m-c‑y‑w s‑N-¿‑p-¶
h‑n-h‑n-[ ‑n-b-a-§Ä‑, t‑`-Z-K-X‑n-IÄ‑, h‑n-i-Z‑m‑w-i-§Ä C-h
e-L‑q-I-c‑n-¨‑v C‑u e-¡-s‑¯ d-h-‑y‑p h‑mÀ-¯-b‑nÂ DÄ-
s‑¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v.
I‑q-S‑m-s‑X‑, s‑]‑m-X‑p-h‑m-b h‑n-j-b-§Ä‑ ]‑p-X‑p-a-t‑b‑m-
s‑S d-h-‑y‑p h‑mÀ-¯-b‑nÂ A-h-X-c‑n-¸‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. s‑F.
FÂ.U‑n.F‑w-þÂ d-h-‑y‑p‑, kÀ-s‑Æ‑, h‑n-h‑n-[ kÀ-¡‑mÀ
h-I‑p-¸‑v F-¶‑n-h-b‑v-¡‑v Â-I‑p-¶ ]-c‑n-i‑o-e- ]-²-X‑n-I-
f‑p-s‑S h‑n-i-Z‑m‑w-i-§Ä C-h-b‑p‑w d-h-‑y‑p h‑mÀ-¯-b‑nÂ
DÄ-s‑¡‑m-Å‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v.
h-c‑p‑w-I‑m-e-§-f‑nÂ‑, A-g‑n-a-X‑n-c-l‑n-X-a‑m-b s‑X-f‑n-a-
b‑mÀ-¶ `-c-W-k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--¯‑n-s‑â `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n -· s‑N-
¿‑p-h‑m³ F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w B-i‑w-k-IÄ t‑-c‑p-¶‑p.
F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w k‑v-t‑-l‑w ‑n-d-ª H‑m-W‑m-i‑w-k-IÄ.
N‑o-^‑v F-U‑n-äÀ‑

dhyq hmÀ¯ 3
kÀ-¡‑mÀ H‑m-^‑o-k‑n-s‑e G-ä-h‑p‑w h‑n-i‑n-ã-‑m-b A-X‑n-Y‑n A-h‑n-s‑S h-c‑p-¶ k‑m-[‑m-c-W ]‑u-c-‑m-W‑v. h‑n-t‑Ã-P‑v
H‑m-^‑o-k‑p a‑p-XÂ c‑m-{‑ã-]-X‑n `-h³ h-s‑c-b‑p-Å k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--§-s‑f-Ã‑m‑w A-hÀ-¡‑v t‑h-ï‑n-b‑m-W‑v ‑n-e ‑nÂ-
¡‑p-¶-X‑v. P--§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s‑¸-«‑p-Å a‑n-¡ {‑]-i‑v--§-f‑p‑w s‑s‑I-I‑m-c‑y‑w s‑N-¿‑p-¶ h-I‑p-s‑¸-¶ ‑n-e-b‑nÂ
d-h-‑y‑p h-I‑p-¸‑nÂ I‑r-X‑y-X-b‑mÀ-¶ `-c-W ‑nÀ-Æ-l-W‑w -a‑p-¡‑v D-d-¸‑m-¡-W‑w. D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-Ø-c‑p-s‑S I‑m-c‑y-£-
a-X hÀ-²‑n-¸‑n-¡Â‑, ]‑p-X‑n-b k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I h‑n-Z‑y D-]-t‑b‑m-K-s‑¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶ C-þ-K-hÀ-W³-k‑v‑, `‑q-‑n-b-a-§-f‑p-s‑S
e-L‑q-I-c-W‑w‑, I‑m-e-l-c-W-s‑¸-« N-«-§-f‑p-s‑S I‑m-e‑m-‑p-k‑r-X s‑]‑m-f‑n-s‑¨-g‑p-¯‑v‑, D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-Ø-c‑p‑w s‑]‑m-X‑p-P--
h‑p-a‑m-b‑p-Å A-I-e‑w C-Ã‑m-X‑m-¡Â‑, ]-²-X‑n-I-f‑p-s‑S K‑p-W-§Ä P--§-f‑nÂ t‑h-K‑w F-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-‑p-Å
-S-]-S‑n-IÄ F-¶‑n-h A-S‑n-b-´‑n-c {‑]‑m-[‑m-‑y-t‑¯‑m-s‑S -S-¸‑m-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v C‑u kÀ-¡‑m-c‑n-s‑â D-t‑±-i‑y‑w.
P--I‑o-b {‑]-X‑o-£-I-f‑p-s‑S ‑n-d-t‑h-ä-e‑m-W‑v G-X‑v `-c-W-I‑q-S-¯‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w {‑]-Y-a-h‑p‑w {‑]-[‑m--h‑p-a‑m-b I-S-a.
P--t‑£-a-t‑¯‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w P--§-f‑p-s‑S k‑w-X‑r-]‑v-X‑n-b‑p‑w {‑]-[‑m--a‑m-W‑v. kÀ-¡‑mÀ B-^‑o-k‑n-t‑e-¡‑v I-S-¶‑p
h-c‑p-¶ H‑m-t‑c‑m-c‑p-¯À-¡‑p‑w C‑u H‑m-^‑o-k‑v X-t‑â-X‑p-I‑q-S‑n-b‑m-s‑W-¶‑v t‑X‑m-¶‑n-b‑mÂ a‑m-{‑X-t‑a P-‑m-[‑n-]-X‑y‑w
k‑mÀ-°-I-a‑m-I‑p. ‑n-b-a h‑n-t‑[-b-a‑m-b k-l‑m-b‑w P--§Ä-¡‑v s‑N-¿‑m³ I‑n-«‑p-¶ H‑m-t‑c‑m A-h-k-c-h‑p‑w X-§Ä-
¡‑v a‑p-¶‑nÂ h-c‑p-¶-t‑X‑m h-c‑m-¯-t‑X‑m B-b B-c‑p-s‑S-s‑b‑m-s‑¡-t‑b‑m {‑]‑mÀ-°- X-§-f‑n-e‑q-s‑S ‑n-hÀ-¯‑n-¡-
s‑¸-S‑m-‑p-Å ‑n-t‑b‑m-K-a‑m-s‑W-¶‑v P‑o-h--¡‑mÀ X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑n-b-W‑w.
kÀ-¡‑mÀ F-¶ h-e‑n-b k-a‑p-¨-b-¯‑n-s‑â ]‑q-a‑p-J-a‑m-W‑v d-h-‑y‑p H‑m-^‑o-k‑p-IÄ‑, P-‑m-[‑n-]-X‑y‑w {‑]-Z‑m-‑w
s‑N-¿‑p-¶ A-[‑n-I‑m-c-¯‑n-t‑e-b‑v-¡‑p-Å ]‑u-c³ B-Z‑y‑w N‑p-h-S‑v h-b‑v-¡‑p-¶-X‑v C-h‑n-s‑S-b‑m-W‑v. A-X‑v ]‑n-g-b‑v-¡-c‑p-X‑v.
h-c‑p‑w-I‑m-e-§-f‑nÂ‑, A-g‑n-a-X‑n c-l‑n-X-a‑m-b F-f‑n-a-b‑mÀ-¶ `-c-W k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--¯‑n-s‑â `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n -· s‑N-
¿‑p-h‑m³ F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w B-i‑w-k-IÄ t‑-c‑p-¶‑p. d-h-‑y‑p h‑mÀ-¯ C‑u Z‑n-i-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑p-Å b‑m-{‑X-b‑nÂ a‑mÀ-¤-
Z‑o-]-a‑m-I-s‑«-s‑b-¶‑p‑w B-{‑K-l‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p.
k‑v-t‑-l-]‑qÀ-Æ‑w
C N-{‑µ-t‑i-J-c³
B-[‑p-‑n-I k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I h‑n-Z‑y-b‑p-s‑S F-Ã‑m K‑p-W-§-f‑p‑w DÄ-s‑¡‑m-ï‑v X-‑n-a-b‑p‑w ]-g-a-b‑p‑w k‑m‑w-k‑v-
I‑m-c‑n-I `‑w-K‑n-b‑p‑w X--X‑p s‑s‑i-e‑n-b‑p‑w H-¶‑p‑w -ã-a‑m-I‑m-s‑X l-c‑n-X t‑I-c-f-s‑¯ h‑n-I-k--¯‑n-s‑â
]‑m-X-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑p -b‑n-¡‑p-h‑m³ ‑n-c-h-[‑n ]-²-X‑n-IÄ ]‑p-X‑n-b kÀ-¡‑mÀ B-h‑n-j‑v-I-c‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. k-a-
X‑z k‑p-µ-c-a‑m-b t‑I-c-f‑w k‑z-]‑v-‑w I-ï‑v a-l‑m-c-Y³-a‑m-c‑m-b a‑p³K‑m-a‑n-IÄ ]-c‑n-a‑n-X‑n-I-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w
H-c‑p-]‑m-S‑v s‑N-b‑v-X‑p-s‑h-¦‑n-e‑p‑w ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n, {‑]-I‑r-X‑n k‑w-c-£-W‑w, k‑m-a‑q-l‑n-I k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I A-´-
c‑w, k‑v-{‑X‑o k‑p-c-£‑, t‑d‑m-U‑p-I-f‑p-s‑S ‑n-e-h‑m-c-a‑p-bÀ-¯Â‑, B-Z‑n-h‑m-k‑n-I-f‑p-s‑S D-¶-a-‑w s‑a-¨-s‑¸-«
h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k k‑u-I-c‑y‑w F¶o t‑a-J-e-I-f‑nÂ H-c‑p-]‑m-S‑v Z‑q-c‑w a‑p-t‑¶-t‑d-ï-X‑p-ï‑v. k‑m-[‑m-c-W-¡‑m-
c-s‑â {‑]-i‑v--§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s‑¸-« 200 e-[‑n-I‑w h-I‑p-¸‑p-I-f‑p‑w ‑n-b-a-§-f‑p‑w d-h-‑y‑p-h-I‑p-¸‑nÂ
s‑s‑I-I‑m-c‑y‑w s‑N-t‑¿-ï-X‑p-ï‑v. d-h-‑y‑q-h‑n-s‑ k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨ I‑m-e‑n-I-a‑m-b ‑n-c-h-[‑n h‑n-j-b-§Ä
t‑I‑mÀ-¯‑n-W-¡‑n H-c‑p-]‑m-S‑v ]‑p-X‑p-a-I-t‑f‑m-s‑S-b‑m-W‑v d-h-‑y‑q h‑mÀ-¯ C-¯-h-W ]‑p-d-¯‑n-d-§‑p-¶-X‑v.
`-c-Wb-{‑´-¯‑n-s‑â `‑m-K-s‑a-¶ ‑n-e-¡‑v H‑m-t‑c‑m kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-Ø-c‑p‑w kÀ-¡‑m-c‑n-s‑â h-à‑m-
¡-f‑m-W‑v. D‑uÀ-Ö‑w ]-IÀ-¶‑p‑w D-WÀ-¶‑p {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p‑w -a‑p-¡‑v H‑m-t‑c‑m-c‑p-¯À-¡‑p‑w h‑n-I-k--
¯‑n-s‑â h-à‑m-¡-f‑m-I‑m‑w. {‑]-X‑o-£-I-f‑p-s‑S -Ã ‑m-f‑p-IÄ H‑m-t‑c‑m-c‑p-¯À-¡‑p‑w B-i‑w-k‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p.
F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑pw k‑v-t‑-l‑w ‑n-d-ª H‑m-W‑m-i‑w-k-IÄ t‑-c‑p-¶‑p.
t‑I-c-f‑w ]‑p-t‑c‑m-K-X‑n-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑v I‑p-X‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v
F³. ]ßIpamÀ s‑F.F.F-kv
U-b-d-ÎÀ
sF FÂ Un Fw
d-h-‑y‑p-hpw, `hnÀ½mWhpw h-I‑p-¸pa{´n

sk]vXw-_À 20164
]‑n-W-d‑m-b‑n h‑n-P-b³
B-`‑y-´-c‑w‑, h‑n-P‑n-e³-k‑v‑, s‑]‑m-X‑p-`-c-W‑w‑, A-á‑n-i-a--t‑k-‑,
P-b‑nÂ‑, H‑mÄ C-´‑y kÀ-h‑o-k‑v‑, ¹‑m-‑n-M‑v B³-U‑v C-¡-t‑W‑m-
a‑n-I‑v-k‑v A-^-t‑b-g‑v-k‑v‑, k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I-h‑n-Z‑y-b‑p‑w ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-b‑p‑w‑,
k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I Ø‑m-]--§Ä‑, C-e-£³‑, s‑s‑k-‑n-I-t‑£-a‑w‑, k‑w-
Ø‑m- k-l-I-c-W‑w‑, F-bÀ-t‑]‑mÀ-«‑p-IÄ‑, s‑a-t‑{‑S‑m-s‑d-b‑nÂ‑, A-´À-
k‑w-Ø‑m- -Z‑o-P-e‑w‑, C³-^À-t‑a-j³ & ]-»‑n-I‑v d‑n-t‑e-j³-k‑v‑,
{‑]-h‑m-k‑n-I‑m-c‑y‑w‑, {‑]‑nâ‑n‑w-K‑v B³-U‑v t‑Ì-j--d‑n‑, b‑p-h-P--I‑m-c‑y‑w‑,
t‑Z-i‑o-t‑b‑m-Z‑v-{‑K-Y-‑w‑, Z‑p-c‑n-X‑m-i‑z‑m-k‑w‑, a-ä‑v a-{‑´‑n-a‑m-c‑p-s‑S N‑p-a-X-
e-b‑n-e‑n-Ã‑m-¯ h-I‑p-¸‑p-IÄ
t‑I-c-f-¯‑n-s‑â ]-{‑´-ï‑m-a-X‑v a‑p-J‑y-a-{‑´‑n-b‑m-b‑n 2016 t‑a-b‑v 25‑v A-[‑n-I‑m-c-t‑a-ä‑p. I-®‑qÀ P‑n-Ã-b‑n-s‑e
]‑n-W-d‑m-b‑n-b‑nÂ a-t‑c‑m-f‑n t‑I‑m-c-s‑â-b‑p‑w I-Ã‑y‑m-W‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1944 a‑mÀ-¨‑v 21‑v P--‑w. k‑v-I‑qÄ
h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k-¯‑n-‑p-t‑i-j‑w X-e-t‑È-c‑n-b‑nÂ {‑_-®³ t‑I‑m-t‑f-P‑nÂ X‑p-SÀ ]T-‑w. 1970‑, 77‑, 91 s‑X-c-s‑ª-S‑p-
¸‑p-I-f‑nÂ I‑q-¯‑p-¸-d-¼‑v a-W‑v-U-e-¯‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-s‑e-¯‑n. 1996 Â ]-¿-¶‑qÀ ‑n-¶‑p‑w 2016Â
[À-a-S-¯‑p ‑n-¶‑p‑w s‑X-c-s‑ª-S‑p-¡-s‑¸-«‑p. 1996 Â C.-s‑I. ‑m--b-mÀ a-{‑´‑n-k-`-b‑nÂ s‑s‑h-Z‑y‑p-X‑n-þ-k-l-
I-c-W-h-I‑p-¸‑v a-{‑´‑n-b‑m-b‑n. `‑m-c‑y I-a-e. h‑o-W‑, h‑n-t‑h-I‑v F-¶‑n-hÀ a-¡Ä.
H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I h‑n-e‑m-k‑w H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I h-k-X‑n
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, a‑q-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 141‑,
t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2333812‑, 2333682
¢‑n-^‑v l‑u-k‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v X‑n-c‑p-h-´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2318406‑, 2314853
1
sk]vXw-_À 20164

dhyq hmÀ¯ 5
h‑n.-F-k‑v. A-Nyp-X‑m--µ³ a-{‑´‑n-k-`-b‑nÂ K-X‑m-K-X a-{‑´‑n B-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. S‑n. t‑X‑m-a-k‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w A-¶‑m-½
t‑X‑m-a-k‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1961 s‑k-]‑v-ä‑w-_À 27 ‑v X‑n-c‑p-h-Ã-b‑nÂ P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: t‑U‑m. A-¨‑m-½
A-e-I‑v-k‑v‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v k‑m³-U‑v-h‑n-¨‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, c-ï‑m‑w ‑n-e‑,
d‑q‑w -¼À 208‑, t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2327561
{‑]-i‑m-´‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v X‑n-c‑p-h-´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2312329‑, 2313347
P-e-h‑n-`-h‑w‑, P-etkNw, C³-e‑mâ‑v ‑m-h‑n-t‑K-j³, t‑I-c-f j‑n-¸‑n-M‑v B³-U‑v
C³-e‑mâ‑v ‑m-h‑n-t‑K-j³ t‑I‑mÀ-]-t‑d-j³
a‑m-X‑y‑p.-S‑n.-t‑X‑m-a-k‑v
{‑K‑m-a h‑n-I-k- t‑_‑mÀ-U‑v A‑w-K‑w‑, t‑I-c-f A-t‑{‑K‑m s‑a-j‑n--d‑o-k‑v t‑I‑mÀ-]-t‑d-j³ (I‑m‑w-t‑I‑m‑) U-b-
d-I‑v-SÀ‑, s‑I.-F-k‑v.-BÀ.-S‑n.k‑n t‑Ì-P‑v ]‑p-À-‑nÀ-W-b I-½‑n-ä‑n A‑w-K‑w‑, k‑w-Ø‑m- e‑m³-U‑v d‑o-t‑^‑m‑w-k‑v
d‑n-h‑y‑q I-½‑n-ä‑n A‑w-K‑w F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. ]‑n.-I‑p-ª‑n-c‑m-a³ ‑m-b-c‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w C. ]‑mÀ-Æ-X‑n-
b-½-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1948 U‑n-k‑w-_À 26 ‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: k‑m-h‑n-{‑X‑n‑, H-c‑p a-IÄ.
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, c-ï‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 140‑,
t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2333670‑, 2327068
e‑n³-t‑U-g‑v-Ì‑v t‑Z-h-k‑z‑w t‑_‑mÀ-U‑v P‑w-K‑v-j³
-´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h-´-]‑p-c‑w, t‑^‑m¬ 0471
2314652‑, 2318602
e‑m³-U‑v d-h-‑y‑q‑, kÀ-t‑Æ-b‑p‑w `‑q-t‑c-Jbp‑w‑, `‑q-]-c‑n-j‑v-¡-c-W‑w‑, `-h- ‑nÀ-
½‑m-W‑w
C. N-{‑µ-t‑i-J-c³
G-e-¯‑q-c‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w c-ï‑m‑w X-h-W ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑v. k‑w-Ø‑m- l‑u-k‑n-M‑v t‑_‑mÀ-U‑v‑, t‑I‑m-^‑n
t‑_‑mÀ-U‑v F-¶‑n-h-b‑nÂ A‑w-K‑w‑, P-h-lÀ-e‑mÂ s‑-{‑l‑p ]-»‑n-I‑v s‑s‑e-{‑_-d‑n B³-U‑v d‑n-kÀ-¨‑v s‑kâ-d‑n-s‑â
s‑s‑h-k‑v {‑]-k‑n-Uâ‑v F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. s‑I. I‑p-ª-¼‑p-h‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w F‑w.-s‑I. P‑m--I‑n-b‑p-s‑S-
b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1926 P-‑p-h-c‑n 29 ‑v I-®‑q-c‑nÂ P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: A-‑n-X‑m I‑r-j‑v-W³ F³.-S‑n‑, H-c‑p a-I³.
s‑a-b‑n³ t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 358‑
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447538800‑, 9847001879
I‑m-t‑h-c‑n -¼À 6 C‑u-t‑Ì¬ s‑s‑k-U‑v H‑m-^‑v
I-t‑â‑m¬-s‑aâ‑v l‑u-k‑v
K-X‑m-K-X‑w‑, t‑a‑m-t‑«‑mÀ s‑h-l‑n-¡nÄ‑, P-e-K-X‑m-K-X‑w
F.-s‑I. i-i‑o-{‑µ³
2
3
4
dhyq hmÀ¯ 5
4

sk]vXw-_À 20166
h‑n.-F-k‑v. A-Nyp--X‑m--µ³ a-{‑´‑n k-`-b‑nÂ t‑Z-h-k‑z‑w a-{‑´‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. 1980 Â C-c‑n-¡‑q-d‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w
2006 Â F-S-¡‑m-S‑p-‑n-¶‑p‑w ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-s‑e-¯‑n. 26þ‑m‑w h-b-Ê‑nÂ I‑m-kÀ-t‑I‑m-S‑v a-W‑v-U-e-¯‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w
t‑e‑m-I-k-`-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑v h‑n-P-b‑n-¨‑p. I-S-¶-¸-Å‑n N-´-¸-c-b‑nÂ ]‑n.-h‑n. I‑r-j‑v-W³ K‑p-c‑p-¡-f‑p-tS-b‑p‑w S‑n.-s‑I.
]‑mÀ-Æ-X‑n-b-½-b‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1944 P‑q-s‑s‑e H-¶‑n-‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: S‑n.-F‑w. k-c-k‑z-X‑n. H-c‑p a-I³.
k‑u-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, a‑q-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 648‑,
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447628800‑, 9447150599
t‑d‑m-k‑v l‑u-k‑v‑, h-g‑p-X-b‑v-¡‑m-S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2337088
X‑p-d-a‑p-J‑w‑, a‑y‑q-k‑n-b‑w‑, ]‑p-c‑m-h-k‑v-X‑p
h‑n.-F-k‑v. A-Nyp--X‑m--µ³ a-{‑´‑n-k-`-b‑nÂ s‑s‑h-Z‑y‑p-X‑n a-{‑´‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. 1980 Â H-ä-¸‑m-e-¯‑p-‑n-¶‑p‑w
t‑e‑m-I‑v-k-`‑m‑w-K-a‑m-b‑n. t‑I-f-¸-s‑â-b‑p‑w I‑p-ª‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1948 H‑m-K-Ì‑v a‑q-¶‑n-‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y:
t‑U‑m. P-a‑n-e‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 118‑,
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9846361111
]-¼‑, ¢‑n-^‑v-l‑u-k‑v t‑I‑m-¼‑u-ï‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2310664
k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I‑w‑, ‑n-b-a‑w‑, ]-«‑n-I-P‑m-X‑n-þ-]-«‑n-I-hÀ-¤-þ-]‑n-‑¶‑m-¡-t‑£-a‑w‑, ]‑mÀ-e-s‑aâ-
d‑n-I‑m-c‑y‑w‑, N-e-¨‑n-{‑X-h‑n-I-k- t‑I‑mÀ-]-t‑d-j³
F.-s‑I.-_‑m-e³
cma-N-{µ³ IS-¶-¸Ån
1991þÂ A-g‑o-t‑¡‑m-S‑p ‑n-¶‑v B-Z‑y-a‑m-b‑n ‑n-a-b-k-`-b‑n-s‑e-¯‑n-‑. _‑n.-F‑w. I‑r-j‑v-W³ -¼‑y‑m-c‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w
C.-]‑n.-]‑mÀ-h-X‑n-b-½-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1950 s‑a-b‑v 28þ-‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: ]‑n.-s‑I.-C-µ‑n-c‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, a‑q-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 149‑,
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447087683
k‑m--U‑p‑, h-g‑p-X-b‑v-¡‑m-S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2334133‑, 2334144
h‑y-h-k‑m-b‑w‑, h‑y-h-k‑m-b k-l-I-c-W Ø‑m-]--§Ä‑, h‑m-W‑n-P‑y‑w‑, I‑m-b‑n-I‑w‑, s‑s‑a-
‑n‑w-K‑v B³-U‑v P‑n-t‑b‑m-f-P‑n‑, s‑s‑I-¯-d‑n-b‑p‑w X‑p-W‑n-b‑p‑w‑, J‑m-Z‑n-þ-{‑K‑m-a-h‑y-h-k‑m-b‑w
C.-]‑n. P-b-c‑m-P³
5
6
7
sk]vXw-_À 20166

dhyq hmÀ¯ 7
A-[‑y‑m-]--c‑w-K-¯‑p-‑n-¶‑p‑w a‑p-g‑p-h³ k-a-b c‑m-j‑v-{‑S‑o-b {‑]-hÀ-¯--¯‑n-t‑e-¡‑v I-S-¶
s‑I.-s‑I. s‑s‑j-e-P a‑q-¶‑m‑w X-h-W-b‑m-W‑v ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑v s‑X-c-s‑ª-S‑p-¡-s‑¸-S‑p-¶-X‑v. s‑I.- I‑p-ï-
s‑â-b‑p‑w s‑I.-s‑I. i‑m-´-b‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-f‑m-b‑n 1956 -h‑w-_À 20 ‑v I-®‑q-c‑nÂ P-‑n-¨‑p. `À-¯‑m-h‑v s‑I.-`‑m-
k‑v-I-c³‑, a-¡-Ä t‑i‑m-`‑n-¯‑v‑, e-k‑n-¯‑v.
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v k‑m³-U‑v-h‑n-¨‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, a‑q-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑,
d‑q‑w -¼À 216‑, s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447694326
‑n-f‑, I-t‑â‑m¬-s‑aâ‑v l‑u-k‑n-‑v k-a‑o-]‑w‑, ]‑m-f-b‑w‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
s‑I.-s‑I. s‑s‑j-e-P S‑o-¨À
B-t‑c‑m-K‑y‑þ I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-t‑£-a‑w‑, s‑a-U‑n-¡Â h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k‑w, ‑m-«‑p-s‑s‑h-Z‑y‑w‑, B-t‑c‑m-K‑y
kÀ-h-I-e‑m-i‑m-e‑, {‑U-K‑v-k‑v I¬-t‑{‑S‑mÄ, A-´-c‑o-£ a-e‑n-‑o-I-c-W ‑n-b-{‑´-W‑w‑,
t‑l‑m-a‑n-t‑b‑m-¸-X‑n, ‑m-¨‑p-tdm-]-X‑n‑, k‑m-a‑q-l‑y-‑o-X‑n
h‑n.-F-k‑v. a-{‑´‑n-k-`-b‑nÂ k-l-I-c-W t‑Z-h-k‑z‑w a-{‑´‑n-b‑m-b‑n {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. B-e-¸‑p-g P‑n-Ã‑m I‑u¬-
k‑n-e‑n-s‑â {‑]-Y-a {‑]-k‑n-Uâ‑v‑, t‑I-c-f b‑q-W‑n-t‑h-g‑v-k‑n-ä‑n k‑n³U‑n-t‑¡-ä‑v s‑a-¼À‑, I‑m-b‑w-I‑p-f‑w‑, A-¼-e-¸‑p-g
F‑w.FÂ.F F-¶‑o t‑a-J-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. ]‑n.-t‑K‑m-]‑m-e-I‑p-d‑p-¸‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w FÂ. ]-¦-P‑m-j‑n A-½-
b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1946 -h‑w-_À H-¶‑n-‑v B-e-¸‑p-g-b‑nÂ P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: t‑U‑m. P‑q-_‑n-e‑n -h-{‑]-`‑,
H-c‑p a-I³.
t‑‑mÀ-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 129‑,
t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2333487‑, 2517196‑, 9447755200
s‑-Ì‑v‑, ¢‑n-^‑v-l‑u-k‑v t‑I‑m-¼‑u-ï‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2312330‑, 2312331
P‑n. k‑p-[‑m-I-c³
s‑]‑m-X‑p-a-c‑m-a-¯‑v‑, c-P‑n-k‑v-t{‑S-j³‑, t‑]‑m-Ì‑v B³-U‑v s‑S-e-{‑K‑m-^‑v‑, s‑d-b‑nÂ-t‑h
I‑m-e‑n-¡-ä‑v kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-i‑m-e s‑k--ä‑v A‑w-K‑w‑, s‑S-I‑v-k‑v-s‑^-U‑v s‑N-bÀ-a‑m³‑, ¹‑m-t‑â-j³ t‑I‑mÀ-]-t‑d-j³
U-b-d-I‑v-SÀ F-¶‑o ]-Z-h‑n-IÄ h-l‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. i-¦-c-s‑â-b‑p‑w a‑m-W‑n-I‑y-¯‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1950 P‑q¬
15 ‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: F‑w. s‑I.. a‑m-e‑n-‑n‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
s‑a-b‑n³ t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 397‑,
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9446485543
F-k³-s‑s‑U³‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2317651‑, 2318601
F-I‑v-s‑s‑k-k‑v‑, s‑X‑m-g‑nÂ
S‑n.-]‑n. c‑m-a-I‑r-j‑v-W³
8
9
11
dhyq hmÀ¯ 7

sk]vXw-_À 20168
‑n-b-a-k-`-s‑b {‑]-X‑n-‑n-[‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v a‑q-¶‑m‑w X-h-W. h‑n.-F-k‑v. k‑p-{‑_-Ò-W‑y-s‑â-b‑p‑w k‑n.-s‑I.
t‑{‑]-a‑m-h-X‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1967 s‑a-b‑v 30 ‑v X‑r-i‑qÀ A-´‑n-¡‑m-S‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: t‑c-J‑, H-c‑p a-I³.
t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2333091‑, 2333775 s‑a‑m-
s‑s‑_Â: 9447897700‑, 9447319239
t‑{‑K-b‑v-k‑v‑, I-t‑â‑m¬-s‑aâ‑v l‑u-k‑n-‑v k-a‑o-]‑w‑, ]‑m-f-
b‑w‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2314435‑, 2314436
h‑n.-F-k‑v. k‑p-‑nÂ-I‑p-a‑mÀ
I‑r-j‑n‑, a-®‑v k‑w-c-£-W‑w‑, `‑q-kÀ-s‑Æ‑, I‑mÀ-j‑n-I-þ-s‑h-ä-d‑n--d‑n kÀ-h-I-e‑m-i‑m-e‑,
s‑h-bÀ-l‑u-k‑n-M‑v t‑I‑mÀ-]-t‑d-j³
t‑NÀ-¯-e ‑n-t‑b‑m-P-I-a-W‑v-U-e-s‑¯ {‑]-X‑n-‑n-[‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑v X‑p-SÀ-¨-b‑m-b‑n a‑q-¶‑m‑w
X-h-W. I-bÀ s‑^-U‑v s‑s‑h-k‑v {‑]-k‑n-Uâ‑v F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. ]-c-t‑a-
i‑z-c-s‑â-b‑p‑w K‑u-c‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1957 -h‑w-_À c-ï‑n-‑v t‑NÀ-¯-e-b‑nÂ P-‑n-
¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: D-j‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
]‑n. X‑n-t‑e‑m-¯-a³
`-£‑y‑w‑, s‑]‑m-X‑p-h‑n-X-c-W‑w‑, D-]-t‑`‑m-à‑r-I‑m-c‑y‑w‑, e‑o-KÂ-s‑a-t‑{‑S‑m-f-P‑n
s‑]‑m-X‑p [--I‑m-c‑y-¯‑nÂ P-h-lÀ-e‑mÂ s‑-{‑l‑p kÀ-h-I-e‑m-i‑m-e-b‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w t‑U‑m-I‑v-S-t‑d-ä‑v t‑-S‑n.
s‑kâÀ t‑^‑mÀ s‑U-h-e-]‑v-s‑aâ‑v Ì-U‑o-k‑nÂ H‑m-W-d-d‑n s‑^-t‑e‑m‑, 1996 a‑p-XÂ 2001 h-s‑c B-k‑q-{‑X-W
k-a‑n-X‑n A‑w-K‑w F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. 2001 e‑p‑w 2006 e‑p‑w a‑m-c‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-f-¯‑p-‑n-¶‑p‑w ‑n-b-
a-k-`-b‑n--s‑e-¯‑n. C‑w-¥‑o-j‑n-e‑p‑w a-e-b‑m-f-¯‑n-e‑p‑w 50 H‑m-f‑w {‑K-Ù-§Ä c-N‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. h‑n.-F-k‑v. A-Nyp-
X‑m--µ³ a-{‑´‑n-k-`-b‑nÂ [--a-{‑´‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. s‑I‑m-S‑p-§-Ã‑qÀ t‑I‑m-«-¸‑p-d-¯‑v S‑n.-]‑n. a‑m-X‑y‑q-h‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w
k‑m-d‑m-½-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1956 s‑k-]‑v-Xw-_À 26 ‑v P-w. c-ï‑v a-¡-f‑p-ï‑v.
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447986600
a³-t‑a‑m-l³ _‑w-¥‑m-h‑v‑, I-h-S‑n-b‑mÀ‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-
]‑p-c‑w t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2333254‑, 2333294
t‑U‑m.-S‑n.-F‑w. t‑X‑m-a-k‑v s‑F-k-I‑v
[--I‑m-c‑y‑w‑, t‑Z-i‑o-b k-¼‑m-Z‑y‑w‑, t‑Ì‑mÀ-k‑v ]À-t‑¨-k‑v‑, h‑m-W‑n-P‑y-‑n-I‑p-X‑n‑, I‑mÀ-
j‑n-I‑m-Z‑m-b-‑n-I‑p-X‑n‑, {‑S-j-d‑n‑, t‑e‑m-«-d‑n‑, H‑m-U‑n-ä‑v‑, s‑I.-F-^‑v‑,-k‑n‑, s‑I.-F-k‑v.-F-^‑v.-C‑,
t‑Ì-ä‑v C³-j‑p-d³-k‑v‑, Ì‑m-¼‑v‑, Ì‑m-¼‑v U‑y‑q-«‑n‑, I-bÀ
k‑u-¯‑v k‑m³-U‑v-h‑n-¨‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, c-ï‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w
-¼À 521‑, t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2333371
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447584400‑, 9497245656
A-t‑i‑m-I‑, ¢‑n-^‑v-l‑u-k‑v t‑I‑m-¼‑u-ï‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-
S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2312326
12
13
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dhyq hmÀ¯ 9
2004 s‑e h-S-¡‑m-t‑©-c‑n D-]-s‑X-c-s‑ª-S‑p-¸‑nÂ h‑n-P-b‑n-¨‑v ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-s‑e-¯‑n. I-Ã-¼‑m-d a‑nÂ-¡‑v
a‑mÀ-¡-ä‑n-M‑v t‑I‑m-þ-H‑m-¸-t‑d-ä‑o-h‑v s‑k‑m-s‑s‑k-ä‑n {‑]-k‑n-Uâ‑v‑, ]-{‑X-{‑]-hÀ-¯-I³ F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-
¯‑n-¨‑p. N‑n-b‑m-a‑p-h‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w ^‑m-¯‑n-a‑m-_‑o-h‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1956 G-{‑]‑nÂ 18 ‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y:
D-s‑s‑k-_ _‑o-h‑n‑, H-c‑p a-I³.
k‑u-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 619 s‑]-c‑n-b‑mÀ‑, ¢‑n-^‑v-l‑u-k‑v t‑I‑m-¼‑u-ï‑n-‑v k-a‑o-]‑w‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2727711‑, 2727713
F.-k‑n. s‑a‑m-b‑v-X‑o³
h‑n-t‑‑m-Z-k-©‑m-c‑w‑, k-l-I-c-W‑w
‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑nÂ a‑q-¶‑m‑w X-h-W. ‑{‑^‑m³-k‑n-k‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w s‑P-b‑n--½-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-f‑m-b‑n 1957
s‑k-]‑v-ä‑w-_À 30 ‑v P-b‑n-¨‑p. `À-¯‑m-h‑v: _‑n. X‑p-f-k‑o-[-c-¡‑p-d‑p-¸‑v‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
k‑u-¯‑v k‑m³-U‑v-h‑n-¨‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, a‑q-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w
-¼À 532‑, t‑^‑m¬ H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2333526‑, s‑a‑m-
s‑s‑_Â: 9447592200
D-j-k‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2725671‑, 2725673
s‑P. t‑a-g‑v-k‑n-¡‑p-«‑n A-½
^‑n-j-d‑o-k‑v‑, l‑mÀ-_À F³-P‑n-‑o-b-d‑n-M‑v, I-i‑p-h-ï‑n h‑y-h-k‑m-b‑w‑, ^‑n-j-d‑o-k‑v
b‑q-W‑n-t‑h-g‑v-k‑n-ä‑n
‑n-b-a k-`-s‑b {‑]-X‑n-‑n-[‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v c-ï‑m‑w X-h-W. t‑I-c-f kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-i‑m-e k‑n³-U‑n-t‑¡-ä‑v A‑w-
K‑w‑, ]‑n-t‑¶‑m-¡ h‑n-`‑m-K-t‑£-a I-½‑n-ä‑n s‑N-bÀ-a‑m³‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w P‑n-Ã‑m s‑s‑e-{‑_-d‑n I‑u¬-k‑nÂ
{‑]-k‑n-Uâ‑v F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. k‑n.-s‑I. I‑r-j‑v-W-I‑p-«‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w `-K-h-X‑n-I‑p-«‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w
a-I-‑m-b‑n 1954 U‑n-k‑w-_À 31 ‑v P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: F-k‑v. k‑p-t‑e-J‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
k‑u-¯‑v t‑»‑m-¡‑v‑, c-ï‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 264‑,
s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447048543
k‑p-a-‑p-j‑w‑, P-h-lÀ--KÀ t‑d‑m-U‑v‑, I-h-S‑n-b‑mÀ‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w
s‑s‑h-Z‑y‑p-X‑n‑, t‑Z-h-k‑z‑w
I-S-I‑w-]-Å‑n k‑p-t‑c-{‑µ³
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A-[‑ym-]--c‑w-K-¯‑p ‑n-¶‑p‑w s‑]‑m-X‑p {‑]-hÀ-¯- c‑w-K-t‑¯-¡‑v. X‑r-i‑qÀ s‑kâ‑v t‑X‑m-a-k‑v t‑I‑m-t‑f-P‑nÂ
c-k-X-{‑´ A-[‑y‑m-]-I-‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. 2006Â B-Z‑y-a‑m-b‑n ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑nÂ A‑w-K-a‑m-b‑n. F-g‑p-¯‑p-I‑m-c³‑, k‑m-a‑q-
l‑n-I {‑]-hÀ-¯-I³‑, t‑I-c-f i‑m-k‑v-{‑X-k‑m-l‑n-X‑y-]-c‑n-j-¯‑v {‑]-hÀ-¯-I³ F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p.
s‑I. ]‑o-X‑m‑w-_-c³ IÀ-¯-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w k‑n. -e-£‑v-a‑n-I‑p-«‑n C-f-b-½-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1955 -h‑w-_À 22 ‑v
P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: h‑n-P-b-½ F‑w.-s‑I. c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
A--I‑v-k‑v 1‑, A-©‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 505‑, s‑a‑m-
s‑s‑_Â: 9447973300
]‑uÀ-®-a‑n‑, ¢‑n-^‑v-l‑u-k‑v t‑I‑m-¼‑u-ï‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-
S‑v‑, X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2313530
s‑]‑m-X‑p-h‑n-Z‑ym-`‑y‑m-k‑w‑, t‑I‑m-t‑f-P‑v h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k‑w, k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I-h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y-k‑w‑, I‑mÀ-j‑n-I‑,
s‑h-ä‑n-t‑-d‑n‑, ^‑n-j-d‑o-k‑v‑, B-t‑c‑m-K‑y-kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-i‑m-e-IÄ H-g‑n-s‑I-b‑p-Å kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-i‑m-
e-IÄ, {‑]-t‑h-i--]-c‑o-£ k‑m-£-c-X‑m-{‑]-Ø‑m-‑w‑, F³-k‑n-k‑n
s‑{‑]‑m-^. k‑n. c-h‑o-{‑µ-‑m-Y‑v
]‑p--e‑qÀ a-W‑v-U-e-s‑¯ {‑]-X‑n-‑n-[‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑v ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-s‑e-¯‑p-¶-X‑v C-X‑v a‑q-¶‑m‑w
X-h-W. s‑s‑e-{‑_-d‑n-I‑u¬-k‑nÂ k‑w-Ø‑m- s‑s‑h-k‑v {‑]-k‑n-Uâ‑v‑, s‑I‑m-Ã‑w P‑n-Ã‑m ]-©‑m-b-
h-‑w-þ h-‑y-P‑o-h‑n k‑w-c-£-W‑w‑, a‑r-K-k‑w-c-£-W‑w‑, £‑o-c-h‑n-I-k‑w‑, £‑o-c k-l-I-
c-W k‑w-L-§Ä‑, a‑r-K-i‑m-e
A-U‑z. s‑I. c‑m-P‑p
2006 Â I‑p-ä‑n-¸‑p-d-¯‑p-‑n-¶‑v ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑n-t‑e-¡‑v B-Z‑y-a‑m-b‑n F-¯‑n. X‑n-c‑q-c-§‑m-S‑n
]‑n.-F-k‑v.F‑w.-H. t‑I‑m-t‑f-P‑nÂ N-c‑n-{‑X A-[‑y‑m-]-I-‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. a-e-¸‑p-d‑w P‑n-Ã‑m ]-©‑m-b-
X-t‑±-i-k‑z-b‑w-`-c-W‑w‑, {‑K‑m-a-h‑n-I-k-‑w‑, -K-c‑m-k‑q-{‑X-W‑w‑, {‑]‑m-t‑Z-i‑n-I h‑n-I-k-
A-t‑X‑m-d‑n-ä‑n-IÄ‑, In-e‑, ‑y‑q--]-£-t‑£-a‑w‑, h-J-^‑p‑w l-Ö‑v X‑oÀ-°m-S--h‑p‑w
t‑U‑m.-s‑I.-S‑n. P-e‑oÂ
¯‑v A‑w-K‑w‑, Ì‑mâ‑n-M‑v I-½‑n-ä‑n s‑N-bÀ-a‑m³‑, s‑j-U‑y‑qÄ-U‑v s‑s‑{‑S-_‑v t‑Ì-ä‑v A-s‑s‑U‑z-k-d‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n A‑w-K‑w‑,
s‑I‑m-¨‑n A-s‑s‑U‑z-k-d‑n e‑o-KÂ b‑q-W‑n-t‑h-g‑v-k‑n-ä‑n P--dÂ I‑u¬-k‑nÂ A‑w-K‑w‑, t‑^‑m-d-Ì‑v s‑s‑hÂ-U‑v s‑s‑e-^‑v
t‑Ì-ä‑v A-s‑s‑U‑z-k-d‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n A‑w-K-w F¶o neIfnÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. P‑n. I-c‑p-W‑m-I-c-s‑â-b‑p‑w s‑I. ]-¦-P‑m-
j‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1953 G-{‑]‑nÂ 10 ‑v s‑-«-b‑w G-c‑q-c‑nÂ P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: _‑n. j‑o-_‑, c-ï‑v a-¡Ä.
A--I‑v-k‑v 1‑, A-©‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 501‑, t‑^‑m¬
H‑m-^‑o-k‑v: 0471 2335366‑, 2323633‑, s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â:
9447628800
A-P-´‑, c‑m-P‑v-`-h-‑v F-X‑nÀ-h-i‑w‑, I-h-S‑n-b‑mÀ‑, X‑n-
c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w, t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2317952
¯‑v A‑w-K‑w‑, I‑m-e‑n-¡-ä‑v b‑q-W‑n-t‑h-g‑v-k‑n-ä‑n k‑n-³U‑n-t‑¡-ä‑v s‑a-¼À‑, t‑‑mÀ-¡ d‑q-«‑v-k‑v U-b-d-I‑v-SÀ F-¶‑o ‑n-e-
I-f‑nÂ {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p. s‑I. S‑n. I‑p-ª‑n a‑p-l-½-Z‑n-s‑â-b‑p‑w ]‑m-d-b‑nÂ -^‑o-k-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1967 s‑a-b‑v
30 ‑v X‑n-c‑q-c‑nÂ P-‑n-¨‑p. `‑m-c‑y: F‑w.-]‑n. ^‑m-¯‑n-a-¡‑p-«‑n. a‑q-¶‑v a-¡Ä.
A--I‑v-k‑v 1‑, ‑m-e‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, d‑q‑w -¼À 401‑, s‑a‑m-
s‑s‑_Â: 9895073107
K‑w-K‑, ¢‑n-^‑v-l‑u-k‑v t‑I‑m-¼‑u-ï‑v‑, -´³-t‑I‑m-S‑v‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2723181‑, 2720451
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dhyq hmÀ¯ 11
F-k‑v.-F‑w. h‑n-P-b‑m--µ‑v s‑F.-F.-F-k‑v t‑I-c-f-¯‑n-s‑â ]‑p-X‑n-b N‑o-^‑v s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n-. t‑I-c-f‑m
b‑q-W‑n-t‑h-g‑v-k‑n-ä‑n-b‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w C‑w-¥‑o-j‑v k‑m-l‑n-X‑y-¯‑nÂ _‑n-c‑p-Z‑, _‑n-c‑p-Z‑m--´-c t‑I‑m-g‑v-k‑p-IÄ
H-¶‑m‑w d‑m-t‑¦‑m-s‑S ]‑m-k‑m-b A-t‑±-l‑w 1981þÂ G-g‑m‑w d‑m-t‑¦‑m-s‑S-b‑m-W‑v k‑n-h‑nÂ kÀ-h‑o-k‑v
{‑]-t‑h-i-‑w t‑-S‑n-b-X‑v. t‑I-{‑µ {‑K‑m-a-h‑n-I-k- a-{‑´‑m-e-b-¯‑nÂ A-U‑o-j-WÂ s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n‑,
s‑]‑m-¶‑m-‑n ‑n-t‑b‑m-P-I-a-W‑v-U-e-¯‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w X‑p-SÀ-¨-b‑m-b‑n c-ï‑m‑w X-h-W-b‑p‑w k-`-
b‑nÂ. ]‑n. t‑K‑m-h‑n-µ³ ‑m-b-c‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w ]‑n. k‑o-X‑m-e-£‑v-a‑n-b‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w a-I-‑m-b‑n 1967þÂ
s‑]-c‑n-´Â-a-®-b‑nÂ P--‑w. ]-«‑n-¡‑m-S‑v K-h.-s‑s‑l-k‑v-I‑q-f‑n-e‑p‑w H-ä-¸‑m-e‑w F³.-F-k‑v.-F-k‑v
Nnd-bn³Iogv ntbm-P-I-a-WvU-e-¯nÂ n¶pw XpSÀ¨-bmbn cïmw XhW nb-a-
k-`-bnÂ. {io F thep-hn-sâbpw {ioaXn. sI. imcZbp-sSbpw aI-mbn 12.05.1950
Â Xncp-h--´-]p-c¯v P-w. tIcf bqWn-th-gvkn-än-bnÂ n¶v F©n-o-b-dnwKnÂ
_ncp-Zw. hyh-kmb hIp-¸nÂ sU]yq«n Ub-d-IvS-dmbn kÀ¡mÀ kÀho-knÂ {]
‑n-b-a-k-`‑m-k‑v-]‑o-¡À
tIcf nb-a-k` sU]yq«n kv]o¡À
]‑n. {‑i‑o-c‑m-a-I‑r-j‑v-W³
hn iin
N‑o-^‑v s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n
F-k‑v.-F‑w. h‑n-P-b‑m--µ‑v
t‑I‑m-t‑f-P‑n-e‑p‑w ]T-‑w. h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k t‑b‑m-K‑y-X; _‑n.-F‑, _‑n.-F-U‑v. I‑m-e‑n-¡-ä‑v b‑q-W‑n-t‑h-g‑v-k‑n-ä‑n b‑q-W‑n-b³
s‑N-bÀ-a‑m³‑, s‑k--ä‑v A‑w-K‑w‑, k‑n³-U‑n-t‑¡-ä‑v A‑w-K‑w‑, t‑_‑mÀ-U‑v s‑s‑h-k‑v s‑N-bÀ-a‑m³ (2006þ2011‑)‑, s‑]-c‑n-
´Â-a-® C.-F‑w.-F-k‑v B-i‑p-]-{‑X‑n Bâ‑v d‑n-kÀ-¨‑v s‑kâÀ U-b-d-ÎÀ F-¶‑o N‑p-a-X-e-IÄ h-l‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v.
G-j‑y‑m ]-k-^‑n-I‑v t‑hÄ-U‑v s‑^-U-t‑d-j³ H‑m-^‑v s‑U-t‑a‑m-{‑I‑m-ä‑n-I‑v b‑q-¯‑v t‑I‑mÀ-U‑n-t‑-äÀ F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑nÂ
{‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p-h-c‑p-¶‑p. `‑m-c‑y F‑w. Z‑n-h‑y. H-c‑p a-I-‑p‑w H-c‑p a-I-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑v.
d‑q‑w -¼À 515‑, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, ‑n-b-a-k-`‑m a-µ‑n-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬: 0471 2305830, s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9447799329
‑o-X‑n‑, ‑n-b-a-k-`‑m t‑I‑m‑w-¹-I‑v-k‑v‑, h‑n-I‑m-k‑v `-h³
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2302698‑, 2513014
th-in-¨v hIp¸v A²y-£-mbn 2005 Â hnc-an-¨p. AXnptijw Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ tZhkzw t_mÀUv
sa¼À, IÀj-I-sXmgnemfn t£a-n-[n-t_mÀUv sNbÀam³, mj-WÂ sSIvÌ-bnÂ tImÀ¸-td-j³,
IbÀ t_mÀUv sa¼À XpS-§nb hnhn[ ]Z-hn-I-fnÂ {]hÀ¯n-¨n-«pï-v. 1987 C sI mb-mÀ a{´n-k-
`-bnÂ {io.]n sI cmL-h³ a{´n-bpsS ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. `mcy Fkv kpa, H-c‑p a-I-‑p‑w
H-c‑p a-I-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑v.
d‑q‑w -¼À 626, H-¶‑m‑w ‑n-e‑, ‑n-b-a-k-`‑m a-µ‑n-c‑w
t‑^‑m¬: 0471 2305830, s‑a‑m-s‑s‑_Â: 9847311660
kzmXn, ‑n-b-a-k-`‑m t‑I‑m‑w-¹-I‑v-k‑v‑, h‑n-I‑m-k‑v `-h³
t‑^‑m¬ 0471 2512363‑, 2512152
k‑v-s‑]-j‑yÂ s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n F-¶‑o ‑n-e-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w ]-©‑m-b-¯‑n-c‑m-P‑v a-{‑´‑m-e-b-¯‑nÂ s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n-b‑m-b‑p‑w t‑k-h--a-‑p-j‑vT‑n-
¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n-b‑m-b‑n 11 hÀ-j‑w ‑o-ï t‑k-h--I‑m-e-b-f-h‑n-‑n-S-b‑nÂ X-t‑±-i k‑z-b‑w-`-c-W Ø‑m-]--§Â-¡‑v
A-[‑n-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w ^-ï‑p‑w h‑n-`-h-§-f‑p‑w s‑s‑I-a‑m-d‑p-¶-X‑nÂ {‑]-a‑p-J ]-¦‑v h-l‑n-¨‑p. A-[‑n-I‑m-c-h‑n-t‑I-{‑µ‑o-I-c-W-¯‑n-‑m-b‑n
‑n-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¨ s‑k³ I-½‑n-ä‑n-b‑nÂ s‑a-¼À s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. t‑U‑m.-{‑]-`‑m-X‑v-]-S‑v-‑m-b‑n-I‑n-s‑â t‑-X‑r-X‑z-¯‑n-e‑p-Å c-ï‑m‑w
k‑w-Ø‑m- [--I‑m-c‑y I-½‑o-j-‑n-e‑p‑w t‑U‑m.-F‑w.-F-. D-½-s‑â t‑-X‑r-X‑z-¯‑n-epÅ ‑m-e‑m‑w I-½‑o-j-‑n-e‑p‑w a‑p³ a‑p-J‑y-a-
{‑´‑n C.-s‑I. ‑m-b-‑m-b-c‑p-s‑S t‑-X‑r-X‑z-¯‑nepÅ a‑q-¶‑m‑w t‑I-c-f `-c-W-]-c‑n-j‑v-¡‑m-c I-½‑n-ä‑n-b‑n-e‑p‑w A‑w-K-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p.
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`‑q-a‑n s‑]‑m-¶‑p‑w h‑n-e-b‑v-¡‑v F-S‑p-¡Â-þ-a‑p-t‑¶‑m-
«‑p-Å h-g‑n F-¶ h‑n-j-b‑w k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑v 08.08.2016 a‑p-
XÂ 10.08.2016 h-s‑c H-c‑p i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-e k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-
I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. 14 P‑n-Ã-I-f‑n-s‑e e‑m³-U‑v A-I‑z‑n-k‑n-j³
H‑m-^‑o-k‑p-I-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p-Å D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-ØÀ i‑n-e‑v-]-
i‑m-e-b‑nÂ ]-s‑¦-S‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. C‑u
t‑a-J-e-b‑n-s‑e {‑]-K-Û-c‑m-b {‑i‑o. _‑n-P‑p
{‑]-`‑m-IÀ s‑F.F.F-k‑v (P‑n-Ã‑m-I-f-ÎÀ‑,
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c‑w‑)‑, {‑i‑o. A-Ð‑pÄ ‑m-kÀ
(s‑U-]‑y‑q-«‑n I-f-ÎÀ‑, t‑I‑m-g‑n-t‑¡‑m-S‑v‑) F-¶‑n-
hÀ X-§-f‑p-s‑S A-‑p-`-h-§Ä ]-¦‑p-h-
b‑v-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w‑, X‑p-SÀ-¶‑v i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-e-b‑nÂ
]-s‑¦-S‑p-¯-h-c‑p-a‑m-b‑n h-f-s‑c {‑]-t‑b‑m-P-
-{‑]-Z-a‑m-b c‑o-X‑n-b‑nÂ B-i-b-h‑n-‑n-a-
b‑w -S-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w s‑N-b‑v-X‑p. I-c-a--þ-
I-f‑n-b‑n-¡‑m-h‑n-f t‑d‑m-U‑n-‑p-t‑h-ï‑n `‑q-a‑n
s‑]‑m-¶‑p‑w h‑n-e-b‑v-s‑¡-S‑p-¯ Ø-e-t‑¯-¡‑p-Å b‑m-
{‑X i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-e-b‑nÂ ]-s‑¦-S‑p-¯-hÀ-¡‑v -s‑Ã‑m-c‑p
A-‑p-`-h-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-e-b‑p-s‑S k-a‑m-]-
t‑h-f _-l‑p.d-h-‑y‑q h-I‑p-¸‑v a-{‑´‑n {‑i‑o. C N-{‑µ-t‑i-
J-c-s‑â k‑m-¶‑n-²‑y‑w s‑I‑m-ï‑v A-‑p-K-rl‑o-X-a‑m-b‑n.
70þ‑m‑w k‑z‑m-X-{‑´‑y-Z‑n-‑w s‑F.
FÂ.U‑n.F‑w k-a‑p-N‑n-X-a‑m-b‑n B-t‑L‑m-
j‑n-¨‑p. s‑F.FÂ.U‑n.F‑w U-b-d-ÎÀ {‑i‑o.
F³ ]-ß-I‑p-a‑mÀ s‑F.F.F-k‑v t‑Z-i‑o-b-
]-X‑m-I D-bÀ-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w‑, a-[‑p-c-]-e-l‑m-c-
§Ä h‑n-X-c-W‑w s‑N-¿‑p-I-b‑p‑w U-b-d-ÎÀ
F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w k‑z‑m-X-{‑´‑y-Z‑n-‑m-i‑w-k-IÄ
t‑-c‑p-I-b‑p‑w s‑N-b‑v-X‑p.
s‑I‑m-Ã-hÀ-j‑w 1192 N‑n-§‑w 1þ‑m‑w X‑o-b-X‑n
(17.08.2016‑) ]pXp-h-Õ-c-Zn-m-tLm-j-§-fpsS
`mK-ambn 27 P·--£-{‑X-§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s‑¸-
« -£-{‑X-a-c-§Ä ILDM I‑y‑m‑w-]-k‑n-‑p-Å‑nÂ
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a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s‑¸-« ¹‑m-h‑n³-s‑s‑X- -«‑p-s‑I‑m-ï‑v ILDM
U-b-d-ÎÀ ‑nÀ-Æ-l‑n-¨‑p.
sF FÂ Un Fw I‑y‑m‑w-]-k‑nÂ
-£-{‑X ac§Ä -«‑p-]‑n-S‑n-¸‑n-¡Â
`‑q-a‑n G-s‑ä-S‑p-¡Â {‑]-i‑v--§-f‑p‑w
k‑m-²‑y-X-I-f‑p‑w -þ i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-e-
70þ‑m‑w k‑z‑m-X-{‑´‑y-Z‑n- B-t‑L‑m-j‑w

dhyq hmÀ¯ 13
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i‑m-e 22.08.2016 a‑p-XÂ 23.08.2016 h-s‑c ILDM-þÂ
h-¨‑v k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¨‑p. S‑n ]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n {‑i‑o. ]‑n F-¨‑v
I‑p-c‑y³ s‑F.F.F-k‑v‑, {‑]‑n³-k‑n-¸Â s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n
(d-h-‑y‑p & U‑n-k‑m-ÌÀ a‑m-t‑-P‑v-s‑aâ‑v‑)
D-Z‑v-L‑m-S-‑w s‑N-¿‑p-I-b‑p‑w‑, {‑i‑o. ]-ß-I‑p-
a‑mÀ s‑F.F.F-k‑v‑, U-b-d-ÎÀ‑, ILDM
k‑z‑m-K-X‑w B-i‑w-k‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w s‑N-b‑v-X‑p.
C-e-I‑v-t‑{‑S‑m-W‑n-I‑v `-c-W-k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-‑w a‑p-
t‑J- k-Z‑v-`-c-W k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-‑w F-§-s‑
-S-¸‑n-e‑m-¡‑m‑w F-¶-X‑p k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑v
X-§-f‑p-s‑S B-i-b-§-f‑p‑w A-‑p-`-h-§-
f‑p‑w {‑i‑o. D-®‑n-I‑r-j‑v-W³‑, k‑n-þ-U‑n-ä‑v‑,
{‑i‑o. P-b-I‑p-a‑mÀ‑, F³.s‑F.k‑n‑, t‑U‑m.
U‑n k-P‑n-X‑v _‑m-_‑p X‑p-S-§‑n-b-hÀ i‑n-
P‑n-Ã‑m-X-e ]-c‑n-i‑o-e--]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n-IÄ
anI-hpä ne-hm-c-¯nÂ kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-
Xnsâ `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n P‑n-Ã‑m-X-e ]-c‑n-i‑o-e-IÀ-¡‑m-
b‑p-Å ]-c‑n-i‑o-e--]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n 05.09.2016 a‑p-XÂ
07.09.2016 h-s‑c S-¯pI-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. X‑p-SÀ-
¶‑p c-ï‑p Z‑n-h-k-§-f‑n-e‑m-b‑n s‑{‑S-b‑n-‑n‑wK‑v
s‑a-ä‑o-c‑n-bÂ X-¿‑m-d‑m-¡‑p-¶ {‑]-hÀ-¯-‑w
-S-¶‑p. ToT t{‑]‑m-{‑K‑m‑w h-f-s‑c ^-e-{‑]-Z-a‑m-
b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. ]-c‑n-i‑o-e-‑mÀ-°‑n-IÄ X-¿‑m-d‑m-¡‑n-b
]-hÀ-t‑]‑m-b‑nâ‑v {‑]-k-t‑â-j³‑, s‑{‑S-b‑n-‑n‑w-K‑v
t‑‑m«‑v F-¶‑n-h ILDM D-S³-X-s‑¶ ]‑p-X‑p-X‑m-b‑n
t‑e‑m-©‑p s‑N-¿‑p-¶ s‑h-_‑v-s‑s‑k-ä‑nÂ {‑]-I‑m-
i-‑w s‑N-¿‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v.
]-c‑n-i‑o-e- ]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n-IÄ¡v
]pXnb Znim-t_m[w
]-c‑n-i‑o-e--]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n-IÄ s‑a-¨-s‑¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶-
X‑n-s‑â `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n ILDM s‑â N-c‑n-{‑X-¯‑nÂ CZ‑w-
{‑]-Ya-a‑m-b‑n s‑{‑S-b‑n-‑n‑w-K‑v ‑o-U‑v A-‑m-e‑n-k‑n-k‑v (TNA‑)
k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. s‑F.F‑w.P‑n-þ-b‑n-s‑e
{‑]-K-Û-c‑p-s‑S k-l‑m-b-t‑¯‑m-s‑S 16.08.2016 a‑p-XÂ
20.08.2016 h-s‑c-b‑m-W‑v C-X‑v k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¨-X‑v. 2016
a‑p-XÂ 2021 h-s‑c-b‑p-Å ]-c‑n-i‑o-e--]-²-X‑n-IÄ C-X‑n-
s‑â `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n B-k‑q-{‑X-W‑w s‑N-¿‑p-h‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-
¡‑p‑w. TNA b‑nÂ ]-s‑¦-S‑p-¯-h-c‑p-s‑S {‑]-X‑n-I-c-W‑w
A-Û‑p-X‑m-h-l-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p.
e‑v-]-i‑m-e-b‑nÂ ]-¦‑p-h-b‑v-¡‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑mb‑n. i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-
e-b‑nÂ ]-s‑¦-S‑p-¯-hÀ-¡‑v X-§-f‑p-s‑S B-i-b-§Ä
]-¦‑p-h-b‑v-¡‑p-h‑m-‑p‑w A-h-k-c‑w e-`‑n-¨‑p. i‑n-e‑v-]-i‑m-
e-b‑p-s‑S `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¨ a-Õ-c-§-f‑nÂ
s‑k³-{‑SÂ t‑k‑m¬ S‑o‑w h‑n-P-b‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n.
kÀ«n-^n-¡-äp-IÄ þ
kmt¦-Xn-I-hnZym `c-W-kw-hn-[m--¯nÂ þ inev]-ime
ToT AYhm ]cn-io-e-IÀ¡pÅ ]cn-io-ew
dhyq hmÀ¯ 13

sk]vXw-_À 201614
t‑U‑m. U‑n.-k-P‑n-X‑v _‑m-_‑p‑
s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n & A-U‑v-a‑n-‑n-k‑v-t‑{‑S-ä‑o-h‑v H‑m-^‑o-kÀ‑,
s‑F.-FÂ.-U‑n.F‑w
C-¯-c-¯‑n-e‑p-Å ‑n-b-a‑w s‑I‑m-ï‑p-h-t‑c-ï k-a-b‑w
A-X‑n-{‑I-a‑n-¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑m-b‑n s‑h-Å-d-S k‑m‑w-I‑p-«‑n
k‑w-`-h‑w N‑q-ï‑n-¡‑m-«‑p-¶‑p. t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ ‑n-b-a-s‑¯
`-b-a‑p-Å k‑m‑w-I‑p-«‑n-a‑mÀ e-£-¡-W-¡‑n-‑p h-c‑p-s‑a-
¶-X‑v c‑m-{‑ã‑o-b‑a‑m-b‑n N‑n-´‑n-t‑¡-ï h‑n-j-b‑w X-s‑¶-
b‑m-W‑v.
t‑I-c-f‑w F-¶ s‑h-d‑p‑w 38,86,300 s‑l-ÎÀ a‑m-{‑X‑w
h‑n-k‑v-X‑oÀ-®-a‑p-Å C‑u s‑N-d‑n-b `‑q-h‑n-`‑m-K-¯‑nÂ
I‑m-S‑p‑w‑, ]‑p-g-b‑p‑w‑, h-b-e‑p‑w‑, I‑p-f-h‑p‑w I-g‑n-¨‑v "t‑Ì-ä‑v‑'
A-[‑n-h-k‑n-¡‑m³ ]‑u-c-‑v A-‑p-h‑m-Z‑w Â-I‑n-b‑n-
«‑p-Å X‑p-Ñ-a‑m-b `‑q-{‑]-t‑Z-i-¯‑v a‑m-{‑X‑w G-I-t‑Z-i‑w
2.30 e-£‑w k‑n-h‑nÂ t‑I-k‑p-IÄ ‑n-e-‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶‑p
F-¶-X‑p‑w‑, B-s‑I-b‑p-Å 78.53 e-£‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-
§-f‑nÂ 2.40 e-£‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-§Ä 3 s‑kâ‑v `‑q-a‑n
t‑]‑m-e‑p‑w C-Ã‑m-¯ P--h‑n-`‑m-K‑w B-W‑v F-¶-X‑p‑w
c‑m-{‑ã‑o-b-a‑m-b‑n N‑n-´‑n-t‑¡-ï h‑n-j-b‑w X-s‑¶-b‑m-W‑v.
B-s‑I A-[‑n-h-k‑n-¡‑m³ t‑b‑m-K‑y-a‑m-b `‑q-a‑n-b‑nÂ
48000þ-t‑¯‑m-f‑w s‑l-ÎÀ `‑q-a‑n c-ï‑v t‑X‑m-«-a‑p-S-a-IÄ
a‑m-{‑X‑w s‑s‑I-h-i‑w h-¨‑p h-c‑p-¶-X‑p‑w‑, t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ
B-s‑I-b‑p-Å 1662 h‑n-t‑Ã-P‑p-I-f‑nÂ H‑m-t‑c‑m h‑n-t‑Ã-P‑n-
e‑p‑w t‑h-W-s‑a-¦‑nÂ H-c‑p I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-¯‑n-‑v 15 G-¡À
`‑q-a‑n h‑o-X‑w s‑s‑I-h-i‑w h-¨‑v A-‑p-`-h‑n-¡‑m³ -½‑p-s‑S
k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--§-f‑n-s‑e t‑]‑m-c‑m-b‑v-a C-t‑¸‑m-g‑p‑w A-‑p-h-
Z‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-s‑ï-¶ h-k‑v-X‑p-X-b‑p‑w {‑]-t‑X‑y-I ]-c‑n-K-W-
`‑q-a‑n-b‑p‑w A-X‑n-s‑â c‑m-j‑v-{‑S‑o-b-h‑p‑w F-t‑¸‑m-g‑p‑w
NÀ-¨ s‑N-¿-s‑¸-«‑n-«‑p-Å-X‑p‑w‑, h-c‑p‑w-I‑m-e-§-
f‑n-e‑p‑w X‑o-j‑v-W-a‑m-b‑n NÀ-¨ s‑N-¿-s‑¸-S‑m³ k‑m-²‑y-
X-b‑p-Å-X‑p-a‑m-b h‑n-j-b-a‑m-W‑v. H-c‑p P-‑m-[‑n-]-X‑y
c‑m-{‑ã k-¦-e‑v-]-¯‑nÂ ]‑u-c-s‑â P‑o-h-‑p‑w‑, k‑z-¯‑n-
‑p‑w‑, k‑w-c-£-W‑w Â-t‑I-ï-X‑v H-c‑p c‑m-{‑ã-‑¯‑n-s‑â
A-s‑Ã-¦‑nÂ t‑Ì-ä‑n‑s‑â ]-c-a-{‑]-[‑m--a‑m-b I-S-a‑I-f‑nÂ
H-¶‑m-b-X‑n-‑mÂ A-X‑n-s‑â F-Ã‑m-X-e-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w A-X‑v
H-c‑p c‑m-{‑ã‑o-b h‑n-j-b-h‑p-a‑m-b‑n a‑m-d‑p-¶‑p.
t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ ‑n-e-h‑nÂ `‑q-a‑n-b‑p-s‑S A-h-I‑m-i‑w
i‑m-i‑z-X-a‑m-b‑n ]‑qÀ-®-a‑m-b AÀ-°-¯‑nÂ ]‑u-c-
‑v N‑mÀ-¯‑n Â-I‑p-¶ ‑n-b-a-§Ä H-¶‑p‑w X-s‑¶
‑n-e-h‑n-e‑n-Ã. 1908þ-s‑e c-P‑n-k‑v-t‑{‑S-j³ ‑n-b-a-{‑]-I‑m-c-
t‑a‑m‑, 1966þ-s‑e t‑]‑m-¡‑p-h-c-h‑v N-«-§Ä {‑]-I‑m-c-t‑a‑m‑,
1961þ-s‑e kÀ-t‑Æ A-X‑n-c-S-b‑m-f ‑n-b-a-{‑]-I‑m-c-t‑a‑m
D-Å t‑c-J-IÄ s‑I‑m-ï‑v ]‑u-c-‑v b‑m-s‑X‑m-c‑p k‑w-c-
£-W-h‑p‑w e-`‑n-¡‑n-Ã F-¶‑v B ‑n-b-a-§-s‑f I‑p-
d‑n-¨‑p-Å s‑N-d‑n-b ]T--¯‑n-e‑q-s‑S X-s‑¶ BÀ-¡‑p‑w
a--Ê‑n-e‑m-I‑p‑w. A-X‑n-i-b‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ H-c‑p h-k‑v-X‑p-X
C³-U‑y³ `-c-W-L-S--b‑p-s‑S G-g‑m‑w s‑j-U‑y‑qÄ
{‑]-I‑m-c‑w ]‑u-c-s‑â `‑q-a‑n-b‑n-s‑e A-h-I‑m-i‑w (Rights
Granting Regulation) D-d-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-‑p-Å ‑n-b-a‑w
D-ï‑m-t‑¡-ï-X‑v k‑w-Ø‑m- kÀ-¡‑m-c‑p-I-f‑m-W‑v. t‑I-
c-f-¯‑n-s‑e k-h‑n-t‑i-j k‑m-a‑q-l‑y k‑m-l-N-c‑y-¯‑nÂ

dhyq hmÀ¯ 15
s‑I‑m-S‑p-¯‑v c‑m-{‑ã‑o-b-a‑m-b‑n X-s‑¶ NÀ-¨ s‑N-¿-s‑¸-
t‑S-ï k‑w-K-X‑n X-s‑¶-b‑m-W‑v.
1963 s‑e `‑q-]-c‑n-j‑v-¡-c-W ‑n-b-a‑w i-à-a‑m-b‑n
-S-¸‑n-e‑m-¡‑n-b H-c‑p k‑w-Ø‑m--a‑m-W‑v t‑I-c-f‑w F-¶‑p
‑m‑w h‑o-¼‑p ]-d-b‑p-t‑¼‑m-g‑p‑w‑, t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ C-t‑X-h-s‑c
]‑n-S‑n-¡-s‑¸-S‑m-¯ 15 G-¡-d‑nÂ I‑q-S‑p-XÂ `‑q-a‑n s‑s‑I-
h-i‑w h-¨‑v A-‑p-`h-‑n-¨‑p‑w‑, h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑w -S-¯‑n-b‑p‑w‑,
‑n-b-a k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--§-
s‑f t‑‑m-¡‑p-I‑p-¯‑n-b‑m-
¡‑n-b‑p‑w h‑m-g‑p-¶ ‑n-c-
h-[‑n `‑q-{‑]-`‑p-¡-•‑mÀ
D-ï‑v F-¶ h-k‑v-X‑p-X
A‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m³ ‑m‑w
B-Z‑y‑w X-¿‑m-d‑m-I-
W‑w. C-{‑]-I‑m-c-a‑p-Å
`‑q-{‑]-`‑p-¡-•‑m-c‑p-s‑S
s‑s‑I-¿‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w
A-‑p-h-Z-‑o-b-a‑m-b
A-f-h‑nÂ I‑q-S‑p-X-
e‑p-Å `‑q-a‑n G-s‑ä-S‑p-¯‑v ]‑m-h-§Ä-¡‑v h‑n-X-c-W‑w
s‑N-¿-s‑¸-t‑S-ï-X‑p-ï‑v‑, A-X‑n-‑m-b‑n k‑w-h‑n-[‑m--§-s‑f
-h‑o- k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I h‑n-Z‑y-b‑p-s‑S k-l‑m-b-t‑¯‑m-s‑S
i-à‑n-s‑¸-S‑p-t‑¯-ï-X‑p-ï‑v.
t‑I-c-f-¯‑n-s‑e-h‑n-s‑S `‑q-a‑n-b‑p-Å h‑y-à‑n-¡‑p‑w H-t‑c
H-c‑p X-ï-t‑¸À "b‑q-W‑n-I‑v X-ï-t‑¸À (UT)’ F-¶-X‑v
{‑]‑m-hÀ-¯‑n-I-a‑m-¡‑n-b‑mÂ C‑u {‑]-i‑v--¯‑n-‑v H-c‑p i‑m-
i‑z-X ]-c‑n-l‑m-c‑w D-ï‑m-I‑p-s‑a-¶ I‑m-c‑y-¯‑nÂ k‑w-i-
b-a‑n-Ã. C-t‑X‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w C-t‑¸‑mÄ -S-¸‑n-e‑m-¡‑n h-c‑p-¶
H‑m¬-s‑s‑e³ t‑]‑m-¡‑p-h-c-h‑v ]-²-X‑n-b‑nÂ A-X‑n-s‑â
B-Z‑y- I‑m-e-L-«-§-f‑nÂ ‑n-j‑v-IÀ-j‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶ RoR
(d‑n-t‑¡‑mÀ-U‑v H‑m-^‑v s‑s‑d-ä‑v‑) ]‑p-‑x-Ø‑m-]‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-
s‑W-¦‑nÂ `‑m-h‑n-b‑nÂ D-ï‑m-I‑m³ k‑m-²‑y-X-b‑p-Å
k‑n-h‑nÂ t‑I-k‑p-IÄ h-e‑n-b A-f-h‑nÂ H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑p-
h‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-¡‑p‑w. h‑n-t‑Ã-P‑v H‑m-^‑o-kÀ -e‑v-I‑p-¶
RoR A-S‑n-Ø‑m--a‑m-¡‑n B-[‑m-c‑w N-a-b‑v-¡‑p-I-b‑m-s‑W-
¦‑nÂ X-ï-t‑¸-c‑nÂ (d-h-‑y‑q t‑c-J-I-f‑nÂ‑) t‑c-J-s‑¸-
S‑p-¯‑n-b `‑q-a‑n-b‑nÂ I‑q-S‑p-XÂ `‑q-a‑n-t‑b‑m‑, kÀ-¡‑mÀ
`‑q-a‑n-t‑b‑m‑, B-Z‑n-h‑m-k‑n `‑q-a‑n-t‑b‑m‑, ]-«-b-¯‑n-s‑e h‑y-h-
Ø-I-f‑n-e‑q-s‑S h‑nÂ-¸- X-S-ª‑n-«‑p-Å (25 hÀ-j‑w
h-s‑c-b‑p-Å‑) `‑q-a‑n-I-f‑n-t‑e‑m B-[‑m-c‑w N-a-b‑v-¡-s‑¸-S‑n-Ã‑,
B-b-X‑n-‑mÂ X-s‑¶ A-{‑]-
I‑m-c-a‑p-ï‑m-I‑p-¶ a‑p-g‑p-h³
k‑n-h‑nÂ h‑y-h-l‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w
H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑p‑w.
N‑n-e X-e‑v-]-c-I-£‑n-IÄ
RoR ‑p ‑n-b-a-{‑]‑m-_-e‑y-
a‑n-Ã F-¶‑p {‑]-N-c‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-
¶-X‑n-s‑- 1908 s‑e c-P‑n-k‑v-
t‑{‑S-j³ d‑qÄ-k‑nÂ 30F (3‑)
F-¶ N-«-¯‑n-‑p t‑i-j‑w 30
F(4‑) `‑q-a‑n {‑I-b-h‑n-{‑I-b-¯‑n-
‑p RoR ‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-¡‑n H-c‑p ]‑p-X‑n-b N-«‑w s‑I‑m-
ï‑p-h-¶‑v ]-c‑n-l-c‑n-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. H‑m¬-s‑s‑e-‑m-b‑n
RoR ]‑u-c-‑v Â-I‑p-I F-¶-X‑v t‑Z-i‑o-b `‑q-t‑c-J
B-[‑p-‑n-I-hÂ-¡-c-W (NLRMP) ]-²-X‑n-b‑p-s‑S {‑]-
[‑m- e-£‑y-§-f‑nÂ H-¶‑m-W‑v F-¶ h-k‑v-X‑p-X t‑I-
{‑µ-kÀ-¡‑mÀ RoR ‑p Â-I‑p-¶ {‑]‑m-[‑m-‑y-¯‑n-t‑e-
¡‑p-Å N‑q-ï‑p-]-e-I-b‑m-W‑v.
RoR t‑‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w X-s‑¶ b‑q-W‑n-I‑v X-ï-t‑¸À
-¼À (UTN) I‑q-S‑n t‑NÀ-¡‑p-t‑¼‑mÄ A-X‑v t‑I-c-f-¯‑n-
s‑e `‑q-a‑m-^‑n-b-b‑v-¡‑p t‑a-e‑p-Å A-h-k‑m- B-W‑n
B-I‑p-s‑a-¶ I‑m-c‑y-¯‑nÂ k‑w-i-b-a‑n-Ã‑. B-b-X‑n-t‑e-
¡‑p-Å c‑m-{‑ã‑o-b a--Ê‑v c‑m-{‑ã-¯‑n-‑p-ï‑m-t‑I-ï-X‑v
I‑m-e-L-«-¯‑n-s‑â B-h-i‑y-amWv.
RoR A-S‑n-Ø‑m--a‑m-¡‑n B-[‑m-c‑w N-a-b‑v-¡‑p-
I-b‑m-s‑W-¦‑nÂ X-ï-t‑¸-c‑nÂ (d-h-‑y‑q t‑c-J-I-
f‑nÂ‑) t‑c-J-s‑¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b `‑q-a‑n-b‑nÂ I‑q-S‑p-XÂ `‑q-a‑n-
t‑b‑m‑, kÀ-¡‑mÀ `‑q-a‑n-t‑b‑m‑, B-Z‑n-h‑m-k‑n `‑q-a‑n-t‑b‑m‑,
]-«-b-¯‑n-s‑e h‑y-h-Ø-I-f‑n-e‑q-s‑S h‑nÂ-¸- X-S-
ª‑n-«‑p-Å (25 hÀ-j‑w h-s‑c-b‑p-Å‑) `‑q-a‑n-I-f‑n-
t‑e‑m B-[‑m-c‑w N-a-b‑v-¡-s‑¸-S‑n-Ã‑, B-b-X‑n-‑mÂ
X-s‑¶ A-{‑]-I‑m-c-a‑p-ï‑m-I‑p-¶ a‑p-g‑p-h³ k‑n-h‑nÂ
h‑y-h-l‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑p‑w.

sk]vXw-_À 201616
Ac ‑qä‑mï‑p I‑mea‑mb‑n `cW]c‑nj‑v
IcWs‑¯¡‑pd‑n¨‑pÅ hÀ¯a‑m§Ä
t‑Icf¯‑nÂ kP‑oha‑mW‑v. F‑¶mÂ As‑XÃ‑m‑w
h‑m¡‑pIf‑nÂ a‑m{‑X‑w HX‑p§‑pIb‑mW‑v ]X‑nh‑v.
XÂêa‑mb‑n I‑melcWs‑¸« ‑nba§f‑p‑w
N«§f‑p‑w I‑og‑vhg¡§f‑p‑w `cWS]
S‑n{‑Ia§s‑fb‑p‑w k‑nh‑nÂ kÀÆ‑ok‑ns‑
Bs‑IXs‑¶b‑p‑w s‑]‑mX‑pka‑ql¯‑nÂ ‑n‑¶‑p‑w
AIä‑n ‑nÀ¯‑p¶‑‑p. `cW‑w a‑md‑nb‑me‑p‑w
PP‑oh‑nX¯‑nÂ ]gbX‑ns‑â X‑pSÀ¨ a‑m{‑X‑w
A‑p`hs‑¸S‑p¶‑p. CX‑pa‑qe‑w ]‑pX‑nb `cWs‑¯
cï‑pZ‑nhk‑w s‑I‑mï‑v Xs¶‑‑ P‑w i]‑n¡‑m³
X‑pS§‑p¶‑‑p. AX‑ps‑I‑mï‑pXs¶‑ CSX‑pa‑pW‑n
a‑m‑ns‑^t‑Ì‑mb‑nÂ a‑pt‑‑¶m«p h¨‑n«pÅ `cW
]c‑nj‑vIcW¯‑n‑pÅ a‑ps‑‑¶‑mc‑p¡§Ä F{‑Xb‑p‑w
t‑hK‑w X‑pSt‑§ï‑nb‑nc‑n¡‑p‑¶‑p. ‑neh‑ne‑pÅ
`cW]c‑nj‑vIcW d‑nt‑¸‑mÀ«pIf‑ps‑S S¸‑ne‑m¡Â
s‑I‑mï‑pa‑m{‑X‑w {‑]i‑v]c‑nl‑mca‑mh‑nÃ. X‑pd¶‑
NÀ¨b‑p‑w k‑wh‑mZ§f‑p‑w A‑nh‑mc‑ya‑mW‑v.
P§f‑nÂ ‑n‑¶‑p‑w Bhi‑ya‑mb ‑nÀt‑±i§Ä
k‑z‑oIc‑n¡W‑w. kÀÆ‑ok‑v k‑wLSIf‑ps‑S
A`‑n{‑]‑mb§Ä Bc‑mbW‑w. A‑p`h‑
k¼¯‑pÅ ‑nch[‑n kÀÆ‑ok‑v k‑wLS‑m
t‑X‑m¡Ä‑, kÀÆ‑ok‑nÂ ‑n‑¶‑p‑w h‑nca‑n¨hÀ
t‑Icf¯‑ne‑pï‑v. Ahc‑nÂ ‑n‑¶‑p‑w D]t‑Zi§Ä
t‑XSW‑w. I‑mcW‑w‑, `cW]c‑nj‑vIcWs‑a¶‑X‑v
t‑Icf¯‑ns‑e Gs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w k‑nh‑nÂ kÀÆ‑ok‑v
{‑]i‑v¯‑ns‑âa‑m{‑X‑w]c‑nl‑mcs‑a¶‑‑neb‑neÃC¶‑‑v
ASb‑mfs‑¸S‑p¯‑p¶‑X‑v. AX‑v he‑n_dÂ b§Ä
a‑pt‑‑¶m«phb‑v¡‑p¶‑ It‑¼‑mf‑m[‑nj‑vT‑nX h‑nIk
k¦Â¸§f‑pa‑mb‑mW‑v s‑]‑mc‑p¯s‑¸S‑p¶‑X‑v.
AX‑v t‑kht‑aJeb‑ps‑S I¨hShÂ¡Wh‑p‑w
AX‑ne‑qs‑Sb‑pÅ e‑m`s‑¡‑mb‑v¯‑pa‑mb‑mW‑v _
Ôs‑¸S‑p¶‑X‑v. C¯c‑w ]‑p¯³ A[‑n‑nt‑hi§s‑f
{‑]X‑nt‑c‑m[‑n¡‑m‑pÅ a‑mÀ¤‑nÀt‑±i§Ä I‑qS‑n
DÄt‑¨À¶‑X‑mIW‑w t‑Icf¯‑ns‑e `cW]
c‑nj‑vIcW S]S‑nIÄ. k‑nh‑nÂ kÀÆ‑ok‑ns‑
Ac£‑nXa‑m¡‑n Xgª‑nc‑n¡‑p¶‑ ]¦‑mf‑n¯ s‑]³‑
j‑pÄs‑¸s‑Sb‑pÅ Ht‑«s‑d I‑mc‑y§Ä CX‑nI‑w
h‑¶‑pt‑NÀ‑¶‑p Ig‑nª‑nc‑n¡‑p¶‑‑p. PI‑ob CSs‑]
Se‑pIf‑ne‑qs‑SbÃ‑ms‑X C¯c‑w IS¶‑pIbä§s‑f
s‑Nd‑p¡‑m³ Ig‑nb‑nÃ. C¶‑‑v IÅ¯c§f‑pt‑Sb‑p‑w
Hf‑n¨‑pIf‑nIf‑pt‑Sb‑p‑w t‑aJeb‑mb‑n«‑mW‑v k‑nh‑nÂ
kÀÆ‑ok‑v ‑ne‑nÂ¡‑p¶‑X‑v. h‑nhc‑mhI‑mi
‑nba‑w‑, t‑kh‑mhI‑mi ‑nba‑w‑, c‑mh‑ns‑e
a‑pXÂ s‑s‑hI‑n«‑p hs‑c k‑oä‑ne‑pï‑mI‑pI‑, 10 hÀ‑
j¯‑ns‑e‑mc‑n¡Â t‑hX‑w ]c‑nj‑vIc‑n¡‑pI‑,
a‑nIh‑ns‑â AS‑nØ‑m¯‑nÂ Ø‑m¡bä‑w
ÂI‑pI‑, k‑wLS‑m {‑]hÀ¯‑w Ah[‑n
Z‑nhk¯‑ne‑m¡‑pI F‑¶‑o [‑mcWIf‑ps‑S ]
c‑nkc§f‑nÂ N‑pä‑n¸ä‑nb‑mW‑v `cW]c‑nj‑vIcW
S]S‑nIf‑ps‑S NÀÏÄ k‑Poh‑amI‑p¶s‑X¦‑nÂ
êa‑pï‑mI‑m³ t‑]‑mI‑p¶‑‑nÃ. ad‑n¨‑v At‑]£
h‑mN‑nIa‑mb‑n H‑m^‑ok‑nÂ t‑_‑m[‑n¸‑n¡‑phc‑ps‑S
Bhe‑mX‑n¡‑v I‑qS‑n ]c‑nl‑mca‑pï‑mhW‑w.
H‑m^‑ok‑nÂ Ag‑naX‑n¡‑mÀ (t‑ae[‑nI‑mc‑n
Bb‑mÂ t‑]‑me‑p‑w‑) Ds‑ï¦‑nÂ ‑nba¯‑n‑v
a‑p‑¶‑nÂ s‑I‑mï‑phc‑m³ Ig‑nb‑p¶‑ t‑a‑mW‑n«d‑n‑wK‑v
k‑wh‑n[‑m‑w t‑hW‑w. i‑mk‑v{‑Xk‑mt‑¦X‑nI
t‑«§f‑ps‑S K‑pWê§Ä ]‑qÀ®a‑mb‑p‑w
P§Ä¡‑pt‑hï‑n D]t‑b‑mKs‑¸S‑p¯W‑w.
I¯‑pIf‑p‑w H‑mÀ½¡‑pd‑n¸‑pIf‑p‑w Ab¨‑p
s‑I‑mï‑nc‑n¡‑p‑¶‑, a‑mk§t‑f‑mf‑w ad‑p]S‑n¡‑p
I‑m¯‑nc‑n¡‑p¶‑ a‑waS‑p¸‑n¡‑p¶‑ k{‑¼Z‑mb¯‑nÂ
‑n‑¶‑p‑w k‑nh‑nÂ kÀÆ‑ok‑ns‑ ]‑pdt‑¯¡‑v
s‑I‑mï‑phcW‑w. ‑nba§f‑ps‑S k¦‑oÀ®XIf‑p‑w‑,
`‑mjb‑ps‑S b‑m{‑´‑nIX‑zh‑p‑w‑, I‑meX‑makh‑p‑w
]‑qÀ®a‑mb‑p‑w Hg‑nh‑m¡s‑¸SW‑w. D¶‑Xa‑mb
a‑qe‑yt‑_‑m[h‑p‑w‑, k‑ma‑ql‑y‑oX‑nb‑ne[‑nj‑vT‑nX‑
amb t‑khe`‑yXb‑p‑w `cW]c‑nj‑vIcW¯‑ns‑â
a‑pJa‑p{‑Zb‑mb‑n a‑mdW‑w. _l‑p`‑qc‑n]£h‑p‑w
h¨‑p]‑peÀ¯‑p A`‑ne‑mj§f‑ps‑S ka‑o]
s‑¯h‑ns‑Ss‑b¦‑ne‑ps‑a‑ms‑¡ {‑]J‑y‑m]§f‑pt‑Sb‑p‑w
{‑]k‑vX‑mhIf‑ps‑Sb‑p‑w AÀ°Xe§Ä k‑v]
Ài‑n¡W‑w‑, kat‑b‑mN‑nXaÃ‑m¯ CSs‑]
Se‑pIÄ I‑me‑w Bhi‑ys‑¸S‑p‑¶‑nÃ. kµÀ
t‑`‑mN‑nXa‑mb h‑m¡‑pIf‑p‑w {‑]hr¯‑nb‑p‑w
I‑me‑mX‑oXa‑mb‑n ‑ne‑nÂ¡‑pIb‑p‑w s‑N¿‑p‑w.
`cW¯‑ns‑â PI‑obX "Pk¼À¡¯‑neÃ‑'
Cc‑nt‑¡ïhÀ Cc‑nt‑¡ï‑nS¯‑nc‑p‑¶‑v I‑mc‑y§Ä
‑nÀÆl‑n¡‑pt‑¼‑mg‑ms‑W‑¶‑v X‑nc‑n¨d‑nbW‑w.
P‑q‑nbÀ k‑q{‑]ï‑v‑,
e‑m³U‑v dh‑y‑q I½‑ojWt‑dä‑v‑,
X‑nc‑ph´]‑pc‑w
P‑n.t‑a‑m«ne‑mÂ‑nba§f‑ps‑S k¦‑oÀ®XIf‑p‑w‑, `‑mjb‑ps‑S b‑m{‑´‑nIX‑zh‑p‑w‑,
I‑meX‑makh‑p‑w ]‑qÀ®a‑mb‑p‑w Hg‑nh‑m¡s‑¸SW‑w. D¶‑Xa‑mb
a‑qe‑yt‑_‑m[h‑p‑w‑, k‑ma‑ql‑y‑oX‑nb‑ne[‑nj‑vT‑nXa‑mb t‑khe`‑yXb‑p‑w
`cW]c‑nj‑v¡cW¯‑ns‑â a‑pJa‑p{‑Zb‑mb‑n a‑mdW‑w.
sk]vXw-_À 201616

dhyq hmÀ¯ 17
C³-t‑U‑m-þ-B-c‑y³‑, {‑Z‑m-h‑n-U‑w‑, B³-{‑S‑n-¡‑v-þ-
B-k‑v-t‑{‑S‑m G-j‑y‑m-ä‑n-I‑v‑, k‑n-t‑‑m S‑n-_-ä³
F-¶‑o ‑m-e‑v t‑K‑m-{‑X-§-f‑nÂ-s‑¸-S‑p-¶ 200 H‑m-f‑w
k‑z-X-{‑´ `‑m-j-IÄ k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ P--h‑n-`‑m-K-
§-f‑p-s‑S H-c‑p `‑m-j‑m-t‑a-J-e-b‑m-W‑v C-´‑y. C-X‑nÂ
74 i-X-a‑m--t‑¯‑m-f‑w P--§-f‑p‑w C³-t‑U‑m-þ-B-c‑y³
`‑m-j-I-f‑m-W‑v k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. 24 i-X-a‑m-‑w t‑]
À {‑Z‑m-h‑n-U-`‑m-j-I-f‑p‑w 1.2 i-X-a‑m-‑w t‑]À B-k‑v-
t‑{‑S‑m G-j‑y‑m-ä‑n-I‑v `‑m-j-I-f‑p‑w‑, 0.6 i-X-a‑m-‑w t‑]
À k‑n-t‑‑m S‑n-_-ä³ `‑m-j-I-f‑p‑w k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p
F-¶‑m-W‑v I-W-¡‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. B‑w-K-t‑e-b-`‑m-j I-S-
¶‑p-h-c‑p-¶-X‑n-‑p t‑b‑mÀ-¡‑v kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-i‑m-e-b‑n-s‑e
K-t‑h-j-W-§Ä s‑X-f‑n-b‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v _-l‑p `‑m-j-IÄ
k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑nÂ ]-e {‑]-[‑m--s‑¸-« a‑m--k‑n-I
A-h-t‑_‑m-[ I-g‑n-h‑p-I-s‑f-b‑p‑w D-t‑¯-P‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-‑p-Å
I-g‑n-h‑p-s‑ï-¶‑m-W‑v. I‑q-S‑m-s‑X G-I `‑m-j‑n-I-s‑f-¡‑mÄ
t‑h-K-¯‑n-e‑p‑w I‑r-X‑y-X-b‑n-e‑p‑w I‑m-c‑y-§Ä s‑N-¿‑m³
_-l‑p-`‑m-j‑n-IÄ-¡‑v I-g‑n-b‑p-s‑a-¶‑p‑w A-¯-c‑w I-g‑n-h‑p-
IÄ h‑mÀ-²-I‑y-¯‑n-e‑p‑w ‑n-e-‑nÂ-¡‑p-s‑a-¶‑p-a‑m-W‑v.
A-t‑X‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w {‑]‑m-b‑m-[‑n-I‑y‑w s‑I‑m-ï‑p-ï‑m-I‑p-¶
]-e A-k‑p-J-§-f‑p‑w h-f-s‑c s‑s‑h-I‑n-t‑b C-h-s‑c
_‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p-Å‑p-s‑h-¶‑p-a‑m-W‑v. A-X‑p-s‑I‑m-ï‑p-
X-s‑¶ `-c-W-`‑m-j-t‑b‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w a-ä‑p-`‑m-j-I-f‑p‑w ]
T‑n-¡-s‑« -½‑p-s‑S I‑p-«‑n-I-f‑p‑w k-a‑q-l-h‑p‑w. F-¶‑mÂ
`-c-W-`‑m-j a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j-b‑m-¡‑m-‑p-Å {‑i-a-§Ä-¡‑m-
h-W‑w a‑p³-X‑q-¡‑w.
P‑n.-k‑p-[‑m-I-c³-‑m-bÀ
{‑]‑m-t‑Z-i‑n-I-`‑m-j-IÄ a‑m-{‑X‑w A‑dn--b‑m-
h‑p-¶ k‑m-[‑m-c-W-¡‑m-c‑m-b P--§-f‑m-W‑v
G-ä-h‑p‑w I‑q-S‑p-XÂ kÀ-¡‑m-c‑m-^‑o-k‑p-I-
s‑f k-a‑o-]‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v AXn-‑mÂ ‑m-S‑n-
s‑â `-c-W-`‑m-j a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j X-s‑¶-b‑m-
b‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w.
e‑m³U‑v dh‑y‑q I½‑ojWt‑dä‑v‑,
X‑nc‑ph´]‑pc‑w

sk]vXw-_À 201618
a-‑p-j‑y³ i-_‑v-Z‑w ]‑p-d-s‑¸-S‑p-h‑n-¨‑p X‑p-S-§‑n-b I‑m-
e‑w a‑p-XÂ B-i-b-h‑n-‑n-a-b-¯‑n-‑m-b‑n `‑m-j-s‑b-¶
B-i-b‑w c‑q-]‑w s‑I‑m-ï‑p-X‑p-S-§‑n. G-s‑X‑mc‑p h‑y-à‑n-
b‑p‑w a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j ]T‑n-¨‑p-I-g‑n-ª-X‑n-‑p t‑i-j-a‑m-W‑v
`‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S e‑n-]‑n ]T‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. `‑m-j H-c‑p h‑y-à‑n-
b‑p-s‑S k-©‑n-X k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-s‑â B-h‑n-j‑v-I-c-
t‑W‑m-]‑m-[‑n-b‑m-W‑v. H-c‑p h‑y-à‑n-¡‑v A-h³ C-j‑v-S-
s‑¸-S‑p-¶ `‑m-j ]T‑n-¡‑m‑w‑, k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑m‑w F-¶‑mÂ
`-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w `-c‑n-¡-s‑¸-S‑p-¶-h-c‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w `‑m-j
H-¶‑m-b‑n X‑o-c‑p-t‑¼‑mÄ a‑m-{‑X-a‑m-W‑v B-i-b h‑n-‑n-a-b‑w
k‑m-[‑y-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v A-X‑p-s‑I‑m-ï‑p-X-s‑¶ H-c‑p s‑]‑m-X‑p-
h‑m-b `‑c-W-`‑m-j A-X‑y‑m-h-i‑y-a‑m-W‑v. {‑]‑m-t‑Z-i‑n-I-`‑m-
j-IÄ a‑m-{‑X‑w A‑dn--b‑m-h‑p-¶ k‑m-[‑m-c-W-¡‑m-c‑m-b
P--§-f‑m-W‑v G-ä-h‑p‑w I‑q-S‑p-
XÂ kÀ-¡‑m-c‑m-^‑o-k‑p-I-s‑f
k-a‑o-]‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v AXn-‑mÂ
‑m-S‑n-s‑â `-c-W-`‑m-j a‑m-X‑r-
`‑m-j X-s‑¶-b‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w.
-h‑w-_À H-¶‑v F-¶‑v t‑IÄ-
¡‑p-t‑¼‑mÄ X-s‑¶ t‑I-c-f-¸‑n-d-
h‑n-t‑b‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w `-c-W-`‑m-j-s‑b-
¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑p‑w ‑m‑w a-e-b‑m-f‑n-IÄ
H‑m-t‑c‑m-c‑p-¯-c‑p‑w H‑mÀ-¯‑p-t‑]‑m-I‑p-¶‑p. C-´‑y-b‑nÂ
`‑m-j‑m-S‑n-Ø‑m--¯‑nÂ k‑w-Ø‑m--§Ä c‑q-]‑o-I-
c‑n-¨-X‑v `‑m-j-I-f‑p-s‑S h‑n-I-k--h‑p‑w k-l-hÀ-¯‑n-
X‑z-h‑p‑w e-£‑y‑w h-¨‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-s‑h-¦‑n-e‑p‑w `‑m-j‑m-
S‑n-Ø‑m--¯‑nÂ k‑w-Ø‑m--§Ä c‑q-]‑w-s‑I‑m-ï‑v
58 hÀ-j‑w I-g‑n-ª‑n-«‑p‑w t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ `-c-W-`‑m-j
a-e-b‑m-f‑w B-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-‑p-Å {‑i-a-§Ä C-t‑¸‑m-g‑p‑w
-S-¡‑p-¶-t‑X-b‑p-Å‑q. B {‑i-a-§Ä-¡‑v ]‑qÀ-®-X
s‑s‑I-h-c‑m-s‑X X-s‑¶ 2011 s‑k-]‑v-ä‑w-_-d‑nÂ t‑I-c-f-
¯‑n-s‑e h‑n-Z‑y‑m-e-b-§-f‑nÂ a-e-b‑m-f‑w H-¶‑m‑w-`‑m-j-
b‑m-b‑n {‑]-J‑y‑m-]‑n-¨‑p-s‑I‑m-ï‑p-Å D-¯-c-h‑v h-¶‑n-c‑p-
¶‑p.-F-¶‑mÂ B D-¯-c-h‑n-‑p‑w `-c-W-`‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S
K-X‑n-X-s‑¶-b‑m-W‑p-Å-X‑v F-¶‑v ]-d-b‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m³
I-g‑n-b‑n-Ã. A-t‑X‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w kÀ-¡‑mÀ -D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-¯‑n-
‑v a-e-b‑m-f‑w ‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-¡‑m-‑p-Å {‑i-a-§-f‑p‑w
h‑n-Ú‑m-]--§-f‑p‑w -S-¯‑n. s‑s‑h-I‑m-s‑X X-s‑¶
B h‑n-Ú‑m-]--h‑p‑w X‑n-c‑p-¯‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. F-¶‑m-
e‑n-t‑¸‑mÄ a-e-b‑m-f‑w ‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-¡‑m³ a-{‑´‑n-k-`
X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. B-s‑I-b‑p-Å B-i‑z‑m-k‑w
t‑{‑i-j‑vT`‑m-j‑m-]-Z-h‑n a‑m-{‑X-a‑m-W‑v. t‑{‑i-j‑vT `‑m-jm
]-Z-h‑n e-`‑n-¨-X‑p-s‑I‑m-t‑ï‑m 100 t‑I‑m-S‑n e-`‑n-¨-X‑p-s‑I‑m-
t‑ï‑m a‑m-{‑X‑w `‑m-j t‑{‑i-j‑vT-a‑m-I-W-s‑a-¶‑n-Ã. `‑m-j‑m-
]-W‑v-U‑n-X-•‑m-t‑c‑m `‑m-j‑m-h‑n-Z-K‑v-²-t‑c‑m kÀ-¡‑m-t‑c‑m
a‑m-{‑X‑w h‑n-N‑m-c‑n-¨‑mÂ H-c‑p `‑m-j-b‑p‑w ]-c‑n-t‑]‑m-j‑n-
¸‑n-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑n-Ã. `‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S h‑n-I-k--¯‑n-‑p-
t‑h-ï‑n {‑]-b-X‑v-‑n-¡-W‑w. A-X‑n-‑p-Å C-Ñ‑m-i-à‑n
-a‑p-¡‑p-ï‑m-h-W‑w.
t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ k‑w-Ø‑m- c‑q-]‑o-I-c-W-¯‑n-
‑p-a‑p-¼‑p‑w `-c-W `‑m-j a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-
‑p-Å {‑i-a-§Ä -S-¶-X‑m-b‑n s‑X-f‑n-h‑p-I-f‑p-ï‑v.
s‑I‑m-Ã-hÀ-j‑w 1069 IÀ-¡‑n-S-I-a‑m-k‑w 24þ‑m‑w X‑o-b-X‑n
X‑n-c‑p-h‑n-X‑m‑w-I‑qÀ kÀ-¡‑mÀ `-c-W-d‑n-t‑¸‑mÀ-«‑p-IÄ a-e-
b‑m-f-¯‑nÂ -A-¨-S‑n-¡‑m³ X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w C‑w-
¥‑o-j‑n-e‑p-Å `-c-W-d‑n-t‑¸‑mÀ-«‑p-IÄ-¡‑v a-e-b‑m-f ]-c‑n-`‑m-
j-b‑p-ï‑m-¡‑m³ X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w s‑N-b‑v-X‑n-c‑p-¶‑p.
1834 h-s‑c X‑n-c‑p-h‑nX‑m‑w-I‑q-d‑n-s‑e I-¯‑p-I-f‑nÂ t‑c-J-s‑¸-
S‑p-¯‑n-b‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑v s‑I‑m-Ã-hÀ-j-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. 9þ‑m‑w ‑q-ä‑m-
ï‑p-h-s‑c X-a‑n-g‑v `‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S {‑]‑m-t‑Z-i‑n-I-c‑q-]‑w a‑m-{‑X-a‑m-
b‑n-c‑p¶‑p a-e-b‑m-f-`‑m-j. k‑w-Ø‑m--c‑q-]‑o-I-c-W-¯‑n-‑v
a‑p-¼‑v X‑n-c‑p-h‑n-X‑m‑w-I‑q-d‑n-e‑p‑w s‑I‑m-¨‑n-b‑n-e‑p‑w a-e-b‑m-f-
¯‑n-s‑â ]‑qÀÆ- c‑q-]-a‑m-b h-s‑«-g‑p-¯‑m-W‑v I‑q-S‑p-X-e‑m-
b‑p‑w D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑v. h-s‑«-g‑p-¯‑n-s‑â c‑q-]-t‑`-Z-§-
f‑m-b t‑I‑m-s‑e-g‑p-¯‑v -D-¯-c-t‑I-c-f-¯‑n-e‑p‑w a-e‑-bmgv-a
Z-£-nW t‑I-c-f-¯‑n-e‑p‑w D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. B-c‑y-
•‑m-c‑p-s‑S h-c-t‑h‑m-s‑S-b‑m-W‑v
k‑w-k‑v-I‑r-X‑w a-e-b‑m-f-s‑¯
k‑z‑m-[‑o-‑n-¨-X‑v. k‑w-k‑v-I‑r-X‑w
F-g‑p-X‑m³ {‑K-Ù-e‑n-]‑n-b‑m-W‑v
D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑v. F-¶‑mÂ
h-s‑«-g‑p-¯‑n-‑v {‑K-Ù-e‑n-]‑n DÄ-
s‑¡‑m-Å‑m³-I-g‑n-ª‑n-Ã. B-b-
X‑n-‑mÂ 12þ‑m‑w ‑q-ä‑m-ï‑nÂ
{‑K-Ù-e‑n-]‑n ]-c‑n-j‑v-I-c‑n-¨‑v a-e-
b‑m-f e‑n-]‑n D-ï‑m-¡‑n. `-c-W c‑w-K-¯‑v D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-
¡‑m-‑p-Å k‑m-t‑¦-X‑n-I-]-Z-§Ä I-s‑ï-¯-W-s‑a-¶‑v
a--k‑n-e‑m-¡‑n-b- `-c-W‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n-IÄ A-X‑n-t‑e-¡‑m-h-
i‑y-a‑m-b h‑m-¡‑p-I-f‑p‑w ]-Z-§-f‑p‑w k‑w-k‑v-I‑r-X-¯‑nÂ
‑n-¶‑p‑w t‑]À-j‑y³ `‑m-j-b‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w k‑z-c‑q-]‑n-¨‑v
{‑]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑n. X‑p-SÀ-¶‑v C‑u-Ì‑v C-´‑y‑m
I-¼-‑n t‑]À-j‑y³ `‑m-j H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j-b‑m-b‑n
D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑n. 19þ‑m‑w ‑q-ä‑m-ï‑n-s‑â B-Z‑y-
I‑m-e-¯‑v {‑_‑n-«‑o-j‑p-I‑m-c‑p-s‑S `-c-W-¯‑n-s‑â `‑m-K-a‑m-
b‑n d-k‑n-Uâ‑p-a‑m-c‑p‑w X-t‑±-i‑o-b-c-Ã‑m-¯ Z‑n-h‑m-•‑m-c‑p‑w
‑m-«‑p-c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑nÂ A-[‑n-I‑m-c-t‑a-ä-t‑X‑m-s‑S `-c-W-`‑m-
j-b‑v-¡‑v a‑m-ä‑w h-c‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑n. 1897 e‑m-W‑v `-c-W-`‑m-
j‑m-c‑w-K-¯‑v ‑n-¶‑p‑w aebmfw ]‑qÀ-®-a‑m-b‑p‑w X‑n-c-
k‑v-I-c‑n-¡-s‑¸-«-X‑v. X‑-§-f‑p-s‑S B-[‑n-]-X‑y‑w I‑q-S‑p-XÂ
D-d-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-t‑e-¡‑m-b‑n C-¥‑o-j‑v `-c-W-`‑m-j-b‑m-b‑n
D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑n. C‑w-¥‑o-j‑v H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I
`‑m-j-b‑m-b‑n-X‑oÀ-¶-t‑X‑m-s‑S ]-e ]-c‑n-j‑v-¡‑m-c-§-
f‑p‑w ‑m-«‑p-c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑nÂ A-S‑n-t‑¨Â-¸‑n-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-
§‑n. ‑m-«‑p-`‑m-j‑m-h-I‑p-¸‑v ‑nÀ-¯‑m-e‑m-¡‑m-‑p‑w `-c-W
d‑n-t‑¸‑mÀ-«‑p-IÄ C‑w-¥‑o-j-‑nÂ {‑]-k‑n-²‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m-‑p‑w
X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¨‑p. A-t‑X‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w R‑m-b-d‑m-g‑v-N s‑]‑m-
X‑p H-g‑n-h‑p-Z‑n-h-k-a‑m-¡‑m-‑p‑w {‑_‑n-«‑o-j‑v c‑m-Ú‑n-b‑p-s‑S
P-•-Z‑n-‑w h‑n-t‑i-j-Z‑n-h-k-a‑m-¡‑m-‑p‑w X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¨‑p.
`-c-W-`‑m-j-s‑b k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑v H-c‑p h-g‑n-¯‑n-c‑n-h‑ns‑â
I‑m-eL-«-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p A-X‑v.
1957þÂ {‑i‑o.-C.-F‑w.-F-k‑v -¼‑q-X‑n-c‑n-¸‑m-S‑n-s‑â
t‑-X‑r-X‑z-¯‑n-e‑p-Å I-½‑y‑q-W‑n-Ì‑v kÀ-¡‑mÀ t‑I-
c-f-¯‑n-s‑e `-c-W-`‑m-j-s‑b I‑p-d-‑n-¨‑v ]T‑n-¡‑m-‑p‑w
i‑p-]‑mÀ-i k-aÀ-¸‑n-¡‑m-‑p-a‑m-b‑n {‑i‑o.-t‑I‑m-a‑m-«‑nÂ
A-N‑yp-X-t‑a-t‑‑m³ s‑N-bÀ-a‑m-‑m-b‑n H-c‑p I-½‑n-ä‑n-
s‑b ‑n-b-a‑n-¨‑p. 1958þÂ X-s‑¶ I-½‑n-ä‑n kÀ-¡‑m-
"P--§Ä-¡‑p-t‑h-ï‑n P--§-
f‑p-s‑S `-c-W‑w G-X‑p h‑n-j-b-s‑¯
A-[‑n-I-c‑n-¨‑p-Å-X‑m-b‑m-e‑p‑w P--
§-f‑p-s‑S `‑m-j-b‑nÂ X-s‑¶ t‑h-
W-s‑a-¶‑p-Å-X‑v ‑nÀ-h‑n-h‑m-Z-a‑m-b
k‑w-K-X‑n-b‑m-W‑v‑'.
sk]vXw-_À 201618

dhyq hmÀ¯ 19
c‑n-‑v i‑p-]‑mÀ-i k-aÀ-¸‑n-¨‑p. "P--§Ä-¡‑p-t‑h-ï‑n
P--§-f‑p-s‑S `-c-W‑w G-X‑p h‑n-j-b-s‑¯ A-[‑n-I-
c‑n-¨‑p-Å-X‑m-b‑m-e‑p‑w P--§-f‑p-s‑S `‑m-j-b‑nÂ X-s‑¶
t‑h-W-s‑a-¶‑p-Å-X‑v ‑nÀ-h‑n-h‑m-Z-a‑m-b k‑w-K-X‑n-b‑m-W‑v‑'
F-¶‑m-W‑v I-½‑n-j³ A-`‑n-{‑]‑m-b-s‑¸-«-X‑v. 1965 s‑a-b‑v
5þ-‑v {‑i‑o. a-e-b‑m-ä‑qÀ c‑m-a-I‑r-j‑v-W-s‑ I-½‑n-j³
d‑n-t‑¸‑mÀ-«‑v ]T‑n-¨‑v ‑nÀ-t‑±-§Ä k-aÀ-¸‑n-¡‑m³ k‑v-
s‑]-j‑yÂ B-^‑o-k-d‑m-b‑n ‑n-b-a‑n-¨‑p. k‑v-s‑]-j‑yÂ
B-^‑o-kÀ 1965 H-I‑v-t‑S‑m-_À 10þ-‑v k-aÀ-¸‑n-¨ d‑n-
t‑¸‑mÀ-«‑n-s‑e ‑nÀ-t‑±-i-§-f‑p-s‑S A-S‑n-Ø‑m--¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v
P--k-¼À-¡-a‑p-Å N‑n-e h-I‑p-¸‑pI-f‑nÂ `-c-W-`‑m-j
a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-¡‑n-s‑¡‑m-ï‑v kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-¯-c-h‑v ]‑p-d-s‑¸-
S‑p-h‑n-¨-X‑v. 1969 e‑m-W‑v t‑I-c-f H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j
(‑n-b-a ‑nÀ-½‑m-W‑w‑) B-I‑v-S‑v ]‑m-Ê‑m-¡‑n-b-X‑v. t‑I-c-f
k‑w-Ø‑m- ‑n-b-a-k-` A-h-X-c‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ _‑n-Ã‑p-
IÄ‑, t‑`-Z-K-X‑n-IÄ‑, ‑n-b-a-k-` ]‑m-Ê‑m-¡‑p-¶ B-I‑v-
S‑p-IÄ‑, `-c-W-L-S--b‑p-s‑S 213þ‑m‑w h-I‑p-¸-‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v
K-hÀ-WÀ ]‑p-d-s‑¸-S‑p-h‑n-¡‑p-¶ H‑mÀ-U‑n-³-k‑p-IÄ‑,
`-c-W-L-S--b‑v-¡‑p h‑n-t‑[-b-a‑m-t‑b‑m ]‑mÀ-e-s‑aâ‑n-s‑â-
t‑b‑m k‑w-Ø‑m- ‑n-b-a-k-`-b‑p-t‑S-t‑b‑m ‑n-b-a-¯‑n-‑p
h‑n-t‑[-b-a‑m-t‑b‑m K-h¬-s‑aâ‑p ]‑p-d-s‑¸-S‑p-h‑n-¡‑p-¶
D-¯-c-h‑p-IÄ‑, N-«-§Ä‑, d-K‑p-t‑e-j-‑p-IÄ‑, s‑s‑_-
t‑e‑m-IÄ F-¶‑n-h a-e-b‑m-f-¯‑n-t‑e‑m C‑w-¥‑o-j‑n-t‑e‑m
B-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v F-¶‑m-W‑v H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j‑m
B-I‑v-S‑v h‑y-à-a‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j‑m B-I‑v-
S‑n-s‑e A-[‑n-I‑m-c‑w h‑n-‑n-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¨‑v k‑w-Ø‑m--s‑¯
s‑]‑m-X‑p-P- k-¼À-¡‑w I‑q-S‑p-X-e‑p-Å h-I‑p-¸‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w
s‑k-{‑I-«-d‑n-t‑b-ä‑n-s‑e A-h-b‑p-s‑S _-Ô-s‑¸-« h-I‑p-¸‑p-
I-f‑n-e‑p‑w a-e-b‑m-f‑w a‑m-{‑X-t‑a H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j-b‑m-
b‑n D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑m-h‑q F-¶‑v kÀ-¡‑mÀ-h‑n-Ú‑m-]-‑w
h-g‑n ‑nÀ-t‑±-i‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. 1976 -h‑w-_À H-¶‑v a‑p-XÂ
A-©‑p-hÀ-j-¯‑n--I‑w s‑k-{‑It-«-d‑n-b-ä‑v DÄ-s‑¸-s‑S-
b‑p-Å F-Ã‑m h-I‑p-¸‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w H‑m-^‑o-k‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w‑,
]-»‑n-I‑v kÀ-Æ‑o-k‑v I-½‑n-j³‑, kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-i‑m-e-IÄ‑,
‑n-b-a-k-` F-¶‑n-h‑n-S-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w t‑I‑m-S-X‑n-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w a-e-
b‑m-f‑w H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j-b‑m-¡‑p-s‑a-¶‑v A-¶-s‑¯
a‑p-J‑y-a-{‑´‑n {‑i‑o.F.-s‑I.Bâ-W‑n {‑]-J‑y-m]‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p.
C-t‑¸‑mÄ 72 kÀ-¡‑mÀ h-I‑p-¸‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w 44 s‑]‑m-X‑p-
t‑a-J-e‑m-Ø‑m-]--§-f‑n-e‑p‑w 31 X-t‑±-i k‑z-b‑w-`-c-W
Ø‑m-]--§-f‑n-e‑p‑w H‑u-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-
¡‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. 20þ10þ1979þ-s‑e kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-¯-c-h‑v
(I-s‑¿-g‑p-¯‑v‑) -¼À 573/79/s‑]‑m.-`.-h. -{‑]-I‑m-c‑w
F-Ã‑m h-I‑p-¸‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w ‑n-t‑X‑y- D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶
t‑I‑m-U‑p-I-f‑p‑w a‑m-‑z-e‑p-I-f‑p‑w ^‑m-d-§-f‑p‑w a-e-b‑m-f-
¯‑n-t‑e-¡‑v XÀ-Ö‑-a s‑N-¿‑m³ D-¯-c-h‑v Â-I‑n-b‑n-
«‑p-ï‑v. 18þ02þ78þ-s‑e kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-¯-c-h‑v (I-s‑¿-g‑p-
¯‑v‑) -¼À 1161/78/s‑]‑m.-`.-h -{‑]-I‑m-c‑w "`-c-W-`‑m-j‑'
F-¶ t‑]-c‑nÂ {‑]-k‑n-²‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶ a‑m-k‑n-I-b‑v-¡‑v
a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j-b‑nÂ t‑e-J--§Ä e-`‑n-¡‑m-¯-X‑n-‑mÂ
1982 B-K-Ì‑v a‑p-XÂ {‑]-k‑n-²‑o-I-c-W‑w ‑nÀ-t‑¯-ï‑n
h-¶‑p F-¶-X‑v A-]-a‑m--I-c-a‑m-W‑v.
1965þÂ k‑v-s‑]-j‑yÂ B-^‑o-kÀ k-aÀ-¸‑n-¨ ‑nÀ-
t‑±-i-§Ä‑, 29þ06þ1966þÂ s‑s‑S-¸‑n-Ì‑p-a‑mÀ-¡‑v a-e-b‑m-
f‑w s‑s‑S-¸‑v-s‑s‑d-ä‑n‑w-K‑nÂ ]-c‑n-i‑o-e-‑w‑, 02þ02þ1967þÂ
C‑w-¥‑o-j‑v s‑s‑S-¸‑n-Ì‑p-a‑mÀ-¡‑v ]-»‑n-¡‑v kÀ-Æ‑o-k‑v
I-½‑n-j³ ]-c‑o-£-b‑nÂ a-e-b‑m-f‑w DÄ-s‑¸-S‑p-¯‑n-
s‑I‑m-ï‑p-Å D-¯-c-h‑v‑, X‑p-S-§‑n `-c-W-`‑m-j‑m-]-c-a‑m-b‑n
{‑]-k‑n-²‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-Å ]-e D-¯-c-h‑p-I-f‑p‑w C‑w-¥‑o-j‑n-
e‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. ‑n-c-h-[‑n kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-¯-c-h‑p-I-f‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w
‑n-b-a-§-f‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w A-S‑n-Ø‑m--¯‑nÂ `-c-W-`‑m-j
a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-¡‑n-b h-I‑p-¸‑pI-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w C-t‑¸‑m-g‑p‑w
C-d-§‑p-¶ ]-e D-¯-c-h‑p-I-f‑p‑w ‑nÀ-t‑Z-i-§-f‑p‑w C‑w-
¥‑o-j‑n-e‑m-W‑v. ‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å-X‑p‑w ]‑p-X‑n-b-X‑m-b‑n C-d-
§‑p-¶-X‑p-a‑m-b h-I‑p-¸‑p-X-e k‑v-s‑]-j‑yÂ d‑q-f‑p-IÄ‑,
a‑m-‑ze‑p-IÄ‑, ‑n-b-a- D-¯-c-h‑p-IÄ‑, Ø‑m--¡-b-ä‑w‑,
Ø-e‑w-a‑m-ä‑w A-¨-S-¡-e‑w-L-‑w‑, X‑p-S-§-b-h-b‑p-a‑m-
b‑n _-Ô-s‑¸-« D-¯-c-h‑p-IÄ‑, F-¶‑n-h-¡‑p ]‑p-d-
s‑a ]-e h-I‑p-¸-pI-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w Â-I‑p-¶ kÀ-«‑n-
^-‑n-¡-ä‑p-IÄ-t‑]‑m-e‑p‑w C-t‑¸‑m-g‑p‑w C‑w-¥‑o-j‑n-e‑m-W‑v.
A-‑y-`‑m-j-¡‑m-c-mb D-¶-X D-t‑Z‑y‑m-K-Ø-•‑mÀ-¡‑v a-e-
b‑m-f-¯‑nÂ ^-b-e‑p-IÄ s‑s‑I-I‑m-c‑y‑w s‑N-¿‑m-‑p-Å
_‑p-²‑n-a‑p-«‑p‑w N‑n-e h-I‑p-¸‑p t‑a-[‑m-h‑n-I-f‑p-s‑S ‑n-Ê-l-
I-c-W-h‑p-a‑m-W‑v `-c-W-`‑m-j a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-‑v
X-S-Ê-a‑m-b‑n ‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶-X‑v F‑¶‑v {‑]-N-c‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-
hÀ X-s‑¶ C‑w-¥‑o-j‑v Ad‑n--b‑p-¶-X‑p‑w C‑w-¥‑o-j‑nÂ
^-b-e‑p-IÄ s‑s‑I-I‑m-c‑y‑w s‑N-¿‑p-¶-X‑p‑w A-´-Ê‑v
F-¶‑p-I-c‑p-X‑n a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j-s‑b A-h-t‑l-f‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v.
C‑u a-t‑‑m-`‑m-h‑w a‑m-d‑m-s‑X `-c-W-`‑m-j a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-
¡‑p-¶-X‑n-‑m-b‑n N‑n-e-h-g‑n-¡‑p-¶ t‑I‑m-S‑n-I-f‑p‑w‑, C-d-
§‑p-¶ D-¯-c-h‑p-I-f‑p‑w ^-e‑w I‑m-W‑n-Ã.
2013 s‑a-b‑v 23 ‑m-W‑v a-e-b‑m-f-¯‑n-‑v t‑{‑i-
j‑vT- `‑m-j‑m-]-Z-h‑n A‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑p-s‑I‑m-ï‑v t‑I-{‑µ-
kÀ-¡‑m-c‑n-s‑â D-¯-c-h‑n-d-§‑n-b-X‑v. a-X‑r-`‑m-j‑m-
k‑v-t‑-l‑n-I-f‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w‑, Ú‑m--]‑o-T- t‑P-X‑m-¡Ä‑,
k‑m-l‑n-X‑y-I‑m-c-•‑mÀ A-S-¡-a‑p-Å a-l‑m-c-Y³-a‑m-
c‑p-t‑S-b‑p‑w Z‑oÀ-L-‑m-f-s‑¯ {‑]-b-X‑v--^-e-a‑m-W‑v
t‑{‑i-j‑vT`‑m-jm]-Z-h‑n-b‑nÂ a-e-b‑m-f-s‑¯ F-¯‑n-¨-X‑v.
h-f-s‑c-t‑b-s‑d {‑]-X‑n-_-Ô-§Ä X-c-W‑w s‑N-b‑v-X‑m-W‑v
a-e-b‑m-f‑w t‑{‑i-j‑vT `‑m-j‑m-]-Z-h‑n t‑-S‑n-b-X‑v. 2004 s‑k-
]‑v-X‑w-_À 17þ-‑v C-´‑y-b‑n-e‑m-Z‑y-a‑m-b‑n X-a‑n-g‑n-‑m-W‑v
t‑{‑i-j‑vT `‑m-j‑m-]-Z-h‑n e‑`‑n-¨-X‑v. B-b‑n-c-¯-nt‑e-s‑d
hÀ-j-§-f‑p-s‑S ]-g-¡‑w A-h-I‑m-i-s‑¸-S‑m-h‑p-¶ e‑n-J‑n-X
N-c‑n-{‑X-h‑p‑w {‑]m-N‑o- k‑m-l‑n-X‑y k-¼-¯‑p‑w a‑u-e‑n-I-
a‑m-b k‑m-l‑n-X‑y ]‑m-c-¼-c‑y-h‑p‑w -a‑p³-‑nÀ-¯‑n-b‑m-W‑v
X-a‑n-g‑n-‑v t‑{‑i-j‑vT `‑m-jm ]-Z-h‑n Â-I‑n-b-X‑v. 2003þÂ
t‑{‑i-j‑vT-`‑m-j‑m ]-Z-h‑n-¡‑m-b‑n ‑n-Ý-b‑n-¨ a‑m--Z-W‑v-
U-§Ä 2004þÂ ]‑p-X‑p-¡‑n ‑n-Ý-b‑n-¨‑p. 1500 a‑p-XÂ
2000 h-s‑c hÀ-j-§-f‑p-s‑S ]-g-¡-h‑p‑w B-[‑p-‑n-I
`‑m-j-b‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑v h‑y-X‑y-k‑v-X-a‑m-b {‑]‑m-N‑o- k‑m-l‑n-
X‑y-c‑q-]-h‑p-a‑m-W‑v 2004þÂ ]‑p-d-¯‑n-d-§‑n-b t‑{‑i-j‑vT
`‑m-j‑m-a‑m--Z-W‑v-U‑w. C-X‑n-s‑â A-S‑n-Ø‑m--¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v
2008 H-I‑v-t‑S‑m-_À 31þ-‑v s‑X-e‑p-K‑p‑, I-¶-S `‑m-j-IÄ-¡‑v
t‑{‑i-j‑vT `‑m-j‑m-]-Z-h‑n e-`‑n-¨-X‑v. F-¶‑mÂ a-e-b‑m-f-
¯‑n-‑p‑w X‑p-e‑y ]-Z-h‑n-¡‑v AÀ-l-X-b‑p-s‑ï-¶ h‑m-Z‑w
B-Z‑y‑w X-Å‑n-b‑, C-X‑p k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨ ]-c‑n-t‑i‑m-[-
-S-¯‑n-b‑, t‑I-{‑µ-k‑m-l‑n-X‑y A-¡‑m-Z-a‑n `‑m-j‑m-k-
dhyq hmÀ¯ 19

sk]vXw-_À 201620
a‑n-X‑n-b‑p-s‑S A-`‑n-{‑]‑m-b-¯‑nÂ X-a‑n-g‑v‑, I-¶-S‑, s‑X-
e‑p-K‑p `‑m-j-I-f‑p-s‑S ]‑m-c-¼-c‑y‑w A-h-I‑m-i-s‑¸-S‑m³
a-e-b‑m-f-¯‑n-‑v I-g‑n-b‑n-Ã F-¶‑m-W‑v 1991þ-s‑e s‑k³-
k-k‑v {‑]-I‑m-c‑w 96.55 i-X-a‑m-‑w t‑I-c-f‑o-b-c‑p-s‑S-b‑p‑w
a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j a-e-b‑m-f-a‑m-W‑v. a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j-b‑m-b‑n G-ä-
h‑p‑w I‑q-S‑p-XÂ t‑]À k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ a-e-b‑m-f-¯‑n-‑v
t‑{‑i-j‑vT `‑m-j‑m ]-Z-h‑n s‑s‑I-h-c‑p-t‑¼‑mÄ I‑n-«‑p-¶-X‑v
100 t‑I‑m-S‑n c‑q-]-b‑m-s‑W-¶‑m-W‑v d‑n-t‑¸‑mÀ-«‑p-IÄ k‑q-
N‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. A-X‑nÂ s‑h-d‑p-s‑X I-®‑p-h-¨‑mÂ
t‑]‑m-c‑m B 100 t‑I‑m-S‑n `‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S h‑n-I-k--¯‑n-
‑p‑w t‑{‑]‑m-Õ‑m-l--¯‑n-‑p‑w t‑h-ï‑n ‑m‑w D-]-t‑b‑m-
K‑n-¡-W‑w. B e-£‑y‑w
a-e-b‑m-f‑w kÀ-Æ-I-e‑m-
i‑m-e-b‑n-e‑q-s‑S t‑-S‑m³
-a‑p-¡‑v I-g‑n-b-W‑w.
hn Fkv ANyp-Xm-
-µ³ kÀ-¡‑m-c‑n-s‑â
I‑m-e-¯‑m-W‑v a-e-b‑m-f‑w
‑nÀ-_-Ô‑n-X H-¶‑m‑w
`‑m-jbm¡n D-¯-c-h‑n-d-¡‑n-b-X‑v. a-e-b‑m-f‑w -½‑p-s‑S
`-c-W-`‑m-j-b‑m-s‑W-¦‑n-e‑p‑w `-c-W-c‑w-K-t‑¯-X‑p-t‑]‑m-s‑e-
X-s‑¶ ]T- c‑w-K-¯‑p‑w c-ï‑m‑w `‑m-j-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p.
F-¶‑mÂ H-¶‑m‑w-`‑m-j-b‑m-¡‑m-‑p-Å X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑w
C-t‑¸‑m-g-s‑¯ kÀ-¡‑mÀ -S-¸‑n-e‑m-¡‑m³ X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-
¡‑p-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. k‑m-[‑m-c-W k‑v-I‑qÄ k-a-b-¯‑n-‑v a‑p-
t‑¼‑m a-ä‑p h‑n-j-b-§-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w I-S-s‑a-S‑p-¯ k-a-b-
t‑a‑m a-ä‑v `‑m-j‑m-]‑o-c‑n-b-U‑p-I-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w I-S-s‑a-S‑p-¯
k-a-b-h‑p‑w t‑NÀ-¯‑v a-e-b‑m-f-¯‑n-‑v H-¶‑m‑w- `‑m-j‑m-
Ø‑m-‑w Â-I‑p-¶-X‑n-‑v X‑o-c-pa‑m-‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. ]-s‑£
`-c-W-c‑w-K-¯‑p-Å-X‑p-t‑]‑m-s‑e-X-s‑¶ ]T- c‑w-K-¯‑p‑w
A-s‑X‑m-c‑p-N-S-§‑m-b‑n a‑m-d‑n. F-¶‑mÂ C‑u A-S‑p-¯-
I‑m-e-¯‑m-b‑n h‑n-Z‑y‑m-e-b-§-f‑nÂ a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j ]T‑n-
¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑m-¯ I‑p-«‑n-IÄ-¡‑v H-g‑n-h‑p-Z‑n-h-k-§-f‑nÂ
A-X‑n-‑p-Å A-h-k-c-§Ä k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-‑m-b‑n
X‑n-c‑p-h--´-]‑p-c-¯‑v `‑m-jm -k‑v-t‑-l‑n-IÄ a-e-b‑m-f‑w
]-Å‑n-¡‑q-S‑w B-c‑w-`‑n-¨‑p. A-X‑p-t‑]‑m-s‑e X-s‑¶ {‑i‑o.-
]‑n.-S‑n.-t‑X‑m-a-k‑v F‑w.]‑n A-²‑y-£-‑m-b k‑w-Ø‑m-
k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I -b c‑q-]‑o-I-c-W k-a‑n-X‑n X-¿‑m-d‑m-
¡‑n-b I-c-S‑v k‑m‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I--b‑w i‑p-]‑mÀ-i- s‑N-b‑v-
X-X‑v a-e-b‑m-f ]-c‑n-Ú‑m-‑w t‑I-c-f-¯‑nÂ kÀ-¡‑mÀ
t‑P‑m-e‑n-¡‑p-Å A-‑n-h‑m-c‑y t‑b‑m-K‑y-X-b‑m-¡-W-s‑a-¶‑m-
W‑v. A-X‑n-s‑â A-S‑n-Ø‑m--¯‑nÂ ]-_‑v-f‑n-I‑v kÀ-
h‑o-k‑v I-½‑n-j³ A-X‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w I-g‑n-ª
kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-¯-c-h‑n-d-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w s‑N-b‑v-X‑p-s‑h-¦‑n-e‑p‑w
kÀ-¡‑m-c‑n-s‑‑m-c‑p h‑o-ï‑p-h‑n-N‑m-c‑-a‑p-ï‑m-b‑n t‑P‑m-e‑n-
b‑nÂ {‑]-t‑h-i‑n-¡‑m³ a-e-b‑m-f‑w A-‑n-h‑m-c‑y t‑b‑m-K‑y-
X-b-Ã F-¶‑p X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¨‑p. t‑P‑m-e‑n-b‑nÂ {‑]-t‑h-i‑n-¨
t‑i-j‑w s‑S-Ì‑v ]‑m-Ê‑m-b‑mÂ a-X‑n-s‑b-¶‑p-X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-‑n-¨‑p.
X-a‑n-g‑v-‑m-«‑nÂ F-Ã‑m kÀ-¡‑mÀ h‑n-Z‑y‑m-e-b-§-f‑n-
e‑p‑w X-a‑n-g‑v H-¶‑m‑w-`‑m-j-b‑m-W‑v. s‑a-U‑n-¡Â‑, F-©‑n-
‑o-b-d‑n‑w-K‑v X‑p-S-§‑n-b s‑{‑]‑m-^-j-WÂ t‑I‑m-g‑v-k‑p-IÄ-
¡‑v t‑N-c-W-s‑a-¦‑n-e‑p‑w‑, t‑NÀ-¶ t‑i-j-h‑p‑w X-a‑n-g‑v ]
T‑n-¡-W-s‑a-¶‑m-W‑v. a‑m-{‑X-h‑p-a-Ã k‑m‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I t‑a-
J-e-I-f‑nÂ-t‑]‑m-e‑p‑w `‑m-j‑m-]-c‑n-t‑]‑m-j-W-¯‑n-‑m-b‑n
kÀ-¡‑mÀ k-Z‑m-{‑i-²‑m-e‑p-¡f‑m-W‑v. `-c-W-`‑m-j-t‑b‑m‑,
]T--`‑m-j-t‑b‑m a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j-b‑m-¡‑m-‑p-Å X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-
-§Ä-¡‑p-a-¸‑p-d‑w -S-¸‑n-e‑m-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑p-s‑S C-Ñ‑m-
i-à‑n-b‑m-W‑v -a‑p-¡‑n-¶‑m-h-i‑y‑w `‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S I‑m-
e-§-f‑n-e‑q-s‑S-b‑p-Å A-X‑n-P‑o-h-‑w
A-X‑p-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑n-e‑q-s‑S-b‑m-
W‑v. A-X‑p-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑p-s‑S P‑o-
h‑n-X-c‑o-X‑n-I-f‑p‑w k‑m-l-N-c‑y-§-f‑p‑w
a‑m-d‑p-t‑¼‑mÄ A-X‑v `‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S ‑n-e-
‑nÂ-¸‑n-t‑-b‑p‑w _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p‑w `‑m-j-
b‑p‑w k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w X-½‑n-e‑p-Å
_-Ô‑w Ad-‑n-b‑m-s‑X-t‑]‑m-b‑mÂ
`‑m-j-t‑b‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w -i‑n-¡‑p‑w. `‑m-j
D-]-t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑m-¯ P--X k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c -i‑q-‑y-a‑m-b‑n-
X‑o-c‑p‑w. I-g‑n-ª a‑q-¶‑v X-e-a‑p-d-IÄ-¡‑n-s‑S -j‑v-S-
s‑¸-«‑p-t‑]‑m-b-X‑v C-c‑p-‑q-d‑n-e-[‑n-I‑w {‑]‑m-t‑Z-i‑n-I `‑m-j-
I-f‑m-W‑v.-A-h-c‑p-s‑S k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-a‑m-W‑v I-g‑n-ª 10
hÀ-j-¯‑n-‑n-s‑S t‑e‑m-I-s‑¯‑m-«‑m-sI-b‑m-b‑n B-b‑n-c‑w
`‑m-j-I-f‑p‑w A-h-c‑p-s‑S k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-§-f‑p-a‑m-W‑v -i‑n-
¨‑p-t‑]‑m-b-s‑X-¶‑m-W‑v I-W-¡‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. 2500 e-[‑n-
I‑w h-c‑p-¶ {‑]‑m-t‑Z-i-‑n-I `‑m-j-IÄ A-´‑y-i‑z‑m-k‑w
h-e‑n-¡‑p-¶ `‑m-j-I-f‑p-s‑S I‑q-«-¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v 2001þ-s‑e
s‑k³-k-k‑v {‑]-I‑m-c‑w C-´‑y-b‑nÂ 1652 a‑m-X‑r-`‑m-j-
I-f‑p-ï‑v‑, C-X‑nÂ ]-¯‑p-e-£-¯‑n-e-[‑n-I‑w P--§Ä
k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ `‑m-j-IÄ 29 F-®-t‑a-b‑p-Å‑q.-`-c-
W-L-S--b‑nÂ H-t‑Z‑y‑m-K‑n-I `‑m-j‑m Ø‑m-‑w Â-I‑n-
b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v 22 `‑m-j-IÄ-¡‑p‑w I‑m-e-§-f‑m-b‑p-Å
h‑n-t‑Z-i-_-Ô‑w a-e-b‑m-f-`‑m-j-b‑v-¡‑v A-[‑n-‑n-t‑h-i-
]-c-a‑m-b I‑m-c‑y-§Ä DÄ-s‑I‑m-Å‑m-‑p-Å k-l-P-
a‑m-b k‑z-`‑m-h‑w Â-I‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. h‑n-`‑n-¶ `‑m-j-IÄ
k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ P--h‑n-`‑m-K-§-s‑f DÄ-s‑I‑m-Å‑m-
‑p-Å h‑n-i‑m-e-a-t‑‑m-`‑m-h‑w a-e-b‑m-f‑n-b‑p-s‑S a‑m-{‑X‑w
{‑]-t‑X‑y-I-X-b‑m-W‑v. i-_‑v-t‑Z‑m-¨-mc-W-¯‑nÂ t‑-c‑n-b
h‑y-X‑y‑m-k‑w h-c‑p-¯‑n A-‑y-`‑m-j‑m-]-Z-§Ä ]-e-X‑p‑w
a-e-b‑m-f‑w k‑z-´-a‑m-¡‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. A-X‑p-s‑I‑m-ï‑p X-s‑¶
]-e k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-§-f‑nÂ ‑n-¶‑p‑w -Ã‑ k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-
§Ä k‑z‑m‑w-i‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m³ -a‑p-¡‑v I-g‑n-ª‑n-«‑p-a‑p-ï‑v.
`‑m-j-b‑p-s‑S ‑n-e-Â-¸‑n-‑p‑w -½‑p-s‑S k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w
I‑m-¯‑p-k‑q-£‑n-¡‑m-‑p‑w ‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å a‑n-Y‑y-m[‑m-c-W-
IÄ s‑h-S‑n-ª‑v C-Ñ‑m-i-à‑n-t‑b‑m-s‑S {‑]-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑m‑w.
`‑m-j-b‑p‑w k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w
X-½‑n-e‑p-Å _-Ô‑w Ad-‑n-b‑m-s‑X-
t‑]‑m-b‑mÂ `‑m-j-t‑b‑m-s‑S‑m-¸‑w k‑w-
k‑v-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w -i‑n-¡‑p‑w. `‑m-j D-]-
t‑b‑m-K‑n-¡‑m-¯ P--X k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c -
i‑q-‑y-a‑m-b‑n-X‑o-c‑p‑w.
sk]vXw-_À 201620

dhyq hmÀ¯ 21
1955þs‑e Ahi‑yk‑m[ ‑nba‑w (Essential
Commodities Act‑‑) 3þ‑m‑w hI‑p¸‑v A‑pkc‑n¨‑pÅ
Hc‑p D¯ch‑mW‑nX‑v. CX‑pkc‑n¨‑v I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑ms‑X
Xc‑ni‑mb‑n«‑nc‑n¡‑p¶ `‑qa‑nb‑nÂ Gs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w
`£‑yh‑nfIÄ I‑rj‑n s‑N¿Ws‑a¶‑v I‑mW‑n¨‑v
hk‑vX‑p DSab‑v¡‑v t‑‑m«ok‑v s‑I‑mS‑p¡‑m‑w. AX‑n‑v
A[‑nI‑mcs‑¸S‑p¯‑nb‑n«‑pÅX‑v P‑nÃ‑mIfÎs‑db‑mW‑v.
t‑‑m«‑ok‑v s‑s‑I¸ä‑n hk‑vX‑p DSa ka‑m[‑m‑w
t‑_‑m[‑n¸‑n¡‑pIb‑ms‑W¦‑nÂ BbX‑v I‑qS‑n ]
c‑nKW‑n¨‑v IfÎÀ¡‑v X‑oc‑pa‑ms‑aS‑p¡‑m‑w. IfÎd‑ps‑S
‑nÀt‑±ia‑pkc‑n¨‑v {‑]hÀ¯‑n¡‑mX‑nc‑p‑¶mÂ Hc‑p
‑nÝ‑nX I‑met‑¯¡‑v B `‑qa‑n I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑pX‑n‑pÅ
AhI‑mi‑w (k‑m[‑mcW ‑neb‑nÂ 3 hÀjt‑¯¡‑v‑)
]ck‑ya‑mb‑n t‑ee‑w s‑Nb‑vt‑X‑m‑, aä‑v h‑nt‑[t‑b‑m
A‑yÀ¡‑v s‑I‑mS‑p¡‑m‑w.
C‑u ‑nba‑w S¸‑nÂ hc‑p¶‑X‑n‑v (1967‑)
s‑X‑m«‑v a‑p³]‑pÅ a‑q¶‑v hÀj‑w X‑pSÀ¨b‑mb‑n
GX‑v `£‑yh‑nf s‑N¿‑p¶‑X‑n‑v `‑qa‑n D]
t‑b‑mK‑n¨‑v s‑I‑mï‑nc‑pt‑‑¶m B I‑rj‑n Xs‑¶
X‑pSÀ‑¶v St‑¯ïX‑mW‑v. aä‑v I‑rj‑nIÄ¡‑v D]
t‑b‑mK‑ya‑m¡‑n¯‑oÀ¡‑p¶‑X‑n‑v t‑hï‑n `‑qa‑nb‑ps‑S
k‑z`‑mh¯‑nÂ a‑mä‑w hc‑p¯‑m‑p‑w ]‑mS‑nÃ.
‑ne‑w‑nI¯‑n h‑r£§Ä h¨‑p]‑nS‑n¸‑n¡‑p¶‑X‑v
C‑u hI‑p¸‑ns‑â ]c‑n[‑nb‑nÂ hc‑p¶‑X‑mW‑v. Ge‑w
I‑rj‑n S¯‑p¶‑ `‑qa‑n Hg‑n¨‑pÅ Øe‑w s‑ÂI‑rj‑n
s‑N¿‑p¶‑X‑n‑v t‑hï‑n c‑q]‑m´cs‑¸S‑p¯‑m‑w. F‑¶mÂ
IfÎd‑ps‑S t‑cJ‑ma‑qea‑mb A‑ph‑mZa‑ps‑ï¦‑nÂ
Hc‑p {‑]t‑X‑yI `£‑yh‑nf I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑p¶‑ Øe¯‑v
aä‑v I‑rj‑nIÄ s‑N¿‑m‑w. `£‑yh‑nfb‑nÂ s‑Ã‑v‑,
Ic‑n¼‑v‑, ]¨¡d‑nIÄ‑, I¸‑, I‑ng§‑v‑, t‑Xb‑ne‑,
I‑m¸‑n‑, Ge‑w‑, I‑pc‑pa‑pfI‑v‑, ‑ne¡Se‑, s‑I‑mt‑¡‑m‑,
h‑mg F¶‑nhs‑bÃ‑m‑w DÄs‑¸S‑p‑w.
s‑I.FÂ.b‑p D¯ch‑v 1967 þ A‑paX‑n¡‑mb‑pÅ
At‑]£ þ S]S‑n{‑Ia§Ä
s‑I.FÂ.b‑p D¯ch‑v {‑]I‑mca‑pÅ
A‑paX‑n¡‑mb‑n e`‑n¡‑p¶ At‑]£b‑nÂ X‑oc‑pa‑m
s‑aS‑p¡‑p¶‑X‑n‑v a‑p¼‑mb‑n h‑nt‑ÃP‑m^‑okd‑ps‑S
Øe]c‑nt‑i‑m[‑m d‑nt‑¸‑mÀ«v e`‑ya‑m¡‑pIt‑b‑m
BÀ.U‑n.H/ IfÎÀ t‑c‑nt«m Gs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w
Dt‑Z‑y‑mKØs‑ ‑nt‑b‑mK‑nt‑¨‑m Øe]c‑nt‑i‑m[
S¯‑pIt‑b‑m s‑N¿W‑w. A‑paX‑n ÂI‑p¶‑X‑n‑v
a‑p¼‑v ka‑o]Øe§f‑nt‑e¡‑pÅ s‑{‑Ub‑vt‑
P‑v XSÊs‑¸S‑p¶‑nÃ F‑¶pd¸‑p hc‑p¯W‑w.
h‑mW‑nP‑y‑mhi‑y§Ä¡‑mb‑pÅ e‑mÀP‑v k‑vs‑Ib‑nÂ
I¬s‑hÀj³ ‑nc‑pÕ‑mls‑¸S‑p¯W‑w.
he‑nb h‑nk‑vX‑oÀ®a‑pÅ `‑qa‑n Xc‑w a‑mä‑n
s‑Nd‑nb t‑¹‑m«‑pIf‑m¡‑p¶‑X‑n‑pÅ {‑]hWX
A‑phZ‑n¡‑m³ ]‑mS‑nÃ. AX‑pt‑]‑ms‑e Ge‑w I‑rj‑n
s‑Nb‑vX‑ps‑I‑mï‑nc‑p¶ `‑qa‑n aä‑mhi‑y§Ä¡‑mb‑n
(s‑ÂI‑rj‑n¡‑mb‑n t‑]‑me‑p‑w‑) D]t‑b‑mK‑n¡‑ph‑m³
A‑ph‑mZ‑w ÂI‑ph‑m³ ]‑mS‑nÃ. aä‑p `£‑yh‑nfIÄ
I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑p¶ `‑qa‑n s‑ÂI‑rj‑n¡‑mb‑mW‑v ]
c‑nhÀ¯‑w s‑N¿‑ps‑X¦‑nÂ A‑paX‑n Bhi‑ya‑nÃ.
X‑oc‑pa‑ms‑aS‑p¡‑p¶‑X‑n‑p a‑p¼‑mb‑n At‑]£I‑v
t‑‑m«‑ok‑v ÂI‑n Ab‑mÄ¡‑v ]db‑ph‑m‑pÅX‑v ]
db‑ph‑m³ Ahkc‑w Ât‑IïX‑mW‑v.
s‑I.FÂ.b‑p D¯ch‑v 1967
Fk‑vþ2 (_‑n‑) `£‑yh‑nf þ s‑Ã‑v‑, Ic‑n¼‑v‑, aÕ‑y‑w‑,
]¨¡d‑nIÄ‑, I¸‑, I‑ng§‑v‑, t‑Xb‑ne‑, I‑m¸‑n‑, Ge‑w‑,
I‑pc‑pa‑pfI‑v‑, ‑ne¡Se‑, s‑I‑mt‑¡‑m‑, h‑mg
(t‑Icf s‑ÂhbÂ X®‑oÀ¯S k‑wc£W
‑nba‑w 2008 ‑neh‑nÂ h¶‑t‑X‑ms‑S s‑ÂI‑rj‑n
s‑N¿‑p¶‑ Øe§Ä B ‑nba¯‑ns‑â
]c‑n[‑nb‑ne‑mW‑v hc‑p¶‑X‑v‑).
Fk‑vþ3 (1‑) Hc‑p ‑nÝ‑nX {‑]t‑Zi¯‑v Gs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w
Kerala Land Utilisation Order 1967
_‑n. A‑nÂI‑pa‑mÀ
s‑U]‑y‑q«n Xlk‑nÂZ‑mÀ

sk]vXw-_À 201622
`£‑yh‑nf/ `£‑yh‑nfIf‑ps‑S DX‑v]‑mZ‑w
hÀ²‑n¸‑nt‑¡ïX‑v Bhi‑ya‑ms‑W¶‑v kÀ¡‑mc‑n‑v
t‑X‑m‑¶p¶ ]£‑w B {‑]t‑Zis‑¯ `‑qh‑pSaIt‑f‑mS‑v
Kkä‑v h‑nÚ‑m]¯‑ne‑qs‑S Bhi‑ys‑¸S‑mh‑p¶‑X‑p‑w
S‑n D¯ch‑v s‑]c‑p¼d s‑I‑m«nb‑pÅ h‑nf‑w_
c¯‑ne‑qs‑Sb‑p‑w ]IÀ¸‑v IfÎt‑dä‑v‑, ]©‑mb¯‑v
H‑m^‑ok‑v‑, h‑nt‑ÃP‑v H‑m^‑ok‑v F‑¶‑nh‑nS§f‑ns‑e
t‑‑m«‑ok‑v t‑_‑mÀU‑pIf‑nÂ ]X‑n¡‑p¶‑X‑ne‑qs‑Sb‑p‑w
P§f‑ps‑S {‑i²b‑nÂs‑¸S‑pt‑¯ïX‑pa‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ4(1‑) I‑rj‑nt‑b‑mK‑ya‑mbX‑p‑w F‑¶mÂ
Xc‑ni‑n«nc‑n¡‑p¶‑X‑pa‑mb Gs‑X‑mc‑p Øe¯‑ns‑â
DSat‑b‑mS‑p‑w Gs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w `£‑yh‑nfIÄ
k‑z´a‑mt‑b‑m As‑Ã¦‑nÂ aä‑ms‑c¦‑ne‑p‑w a‑pt‑J
t‑b‑m I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑ph‑m‑mhi‑ys‑¸«‑v t‑‑m«‑ok‑v
ÂI‑ph‑m³ IfÎÀ/BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑v¡‑v A[‑nI‑mca‑pï‑v.
Fk‑vþ4(3‑) t‑‑m«‑ok‑v s‑s‑I¸ä‑n 10 Z‑nhk¯‑n
I‑w DSa ÂI‑p¶ ad‑p]S‑n X‑r]‑vX‑nIca‑mh‑p¶
]£‑w IfÎÀ/BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑v¡‑v 4(1‑) t‑‑m«‑ok‑v
d±‑m¡‑mh‑p¶‑X‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ5 I‑rj‑ns‑N¿‑p¶‑X‑n‑pÅ AhI‑mi‑w
t‑ee‑w s‑Nb‑vX‑v ÂI‑m‑w. 4(1‑) t‑‑m«‑ok‑v
ÂIs‑¸« Hc‑p `‑qh‑pSa t‑‑m«‑ok‑ns‑e ‑nÀt‑±i‑w
]‑me‑n¡‑mX‑nc‑n¡‑pIt‑b‑m As‑Ã¦‑nÂ X‑r]‑vX‑nI‑
ca‑mb ad‑p]S‑n ÂI‑mX‑nc‑n¡‑pIt‑b‑m s‑Nb‑vX‑mÂ ]
c‑mX‑n Øe¯‑v I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑p¶‑X‑n‑pÅ AhI‑mi‑w
‑nÝ‑nX I‑met‑¯¡‑v (k‑m[‑mcWKX‑nb‑nÂ a‑q¶‑‑p
hÀjt‑¯¡‑v‑) t‑ee‑w s‑Nb‑vX‑ps‑I‑mï‑v IfÎÀ/
BÀ.U‑n.Hþb‑v¡‑v D¯ch‑nS‑mh‑p¶X‑mW‑v (t‑^‑md‑w
k‑n‑)
Fk‑vþ5(3‑) t‑ee¯‑pIb‑nÂ kÀ¡‑mc‑n‑v
I‑nt‑«ïX‑mb ‑nI‑pX‑n I‑pS‑nÈ‑nIb‑p‑w aä‑p‑w Ig‑n¨‑v
_‑m¡‑n X‑pI Øea‑pSab‑v¡‑v j‑vS]c‑nl‑mca‑mb‑n
Ât‑IïX‑mW‑v.
(t‑ee¯‑pIb‑ps‑S 25% X‑pI t‑eekab¯‑p‑w
_‑m¡‑n X‑pI 10 Z‑nhk§Ä¡I‑w C‑uS‑mt‑¡ïX‑p‑w
10 Z‑nhk¯‑nI‑w _‑m¡‑n X‑pI s‑I«‑nhb‑v¡‑pX‑n‑v
t‑ee‑w k‑n²‑n¨ Bf‑n‑v Ig‑nb‑ms‑X h¶‑mÂ BZ‑y‑w
s‑I«nh¨ X‑pI (25%‑) kÀ¡‑mc‑nt‑e¡‑v a‑pXÂ
I‑q«mh‑p¶X‑pa‑mW‑v. a‑pg‑ph³ X‑pIb‑p‑w s‑I«‑nh¨
t‑ij‑w a‑m{‑Xt‑a t‑ee‑w Ø‑nc‑oIc‑n¡‑mh‑q‑).
Fk‑vþ7 s‑I.FÂ.b‑p D¯ch‑v hc‑p¶X‑n‑v
s‑X‑m«‑pa‑p¼‑pÅ a‑q¶‑phÀjt‑a‑m AX‑n‑pt‑ij‑w
Ft‑¸‑ms‑g¦‑ne‑p‑w a‑q‑¶p hÀjt‑a‑m X‑pSÀ¨b‑mb‑n
Gs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w `£‑yh‑nf I‑rj‑n s‑Nb‑vX‑ps‑I‑mï‑nc‑p¶
`‑qa‑nb‑nÂ s‑s‑Ã‑mg‑ns‑Ib‑pÅ at‑äs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w
`£‑yh‑nf I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑pIt‑b‑m at‑äs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w
Bhi‑y§Ä¡‑mb‑n D]t‑b‑mK‑n¡‑pIt‑b‑m
s‑Nb‑vX‑mÂ S‑n Øe¯‑v I‑rj‑n s‑Nb‑vX‑ps‑I‑mï‑nc‑p¶
At‑X `£‑yh‑nf ‑nÝ‑nX kab]c‑n[‑n¡‑pÅ‑nÂ
I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑ph‑m³ ‑nÀt‑±i‑n¨‑v t‑^‑md‑w C t‑‑m«‑ok‑v
ÂI‑mh‑p¶‑X‑mW‑v. t‑‑m«ok‑v ÂI‑p¶‑X‑n‑p a‑p¼‑v
I£‑n¡‑v ]db‑ph‑m‑pÅX‑v ]db‑ph‑m³ Ahkc‑w
Ât‑IïX‑mW‑v.
`‑qh‑pSa t‑‑m«‑ok‑ns‑e ‑nÀt‑±i‑w
]‑me‑n¡‑mX‑nc‑p¶‑mÂ B Øe¯‑v I‑rj‑n
s‑N¿‑pX‑n‑pÅ AhI‑mi‑w s‑k£³
5 A‑pi‑mk‑n¡‑p c‑oX‑nb‑nÂ t‑ee‑w s‑N¿‑ph‑m³
IfÎÀ/BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑v¡‑v A[‑nI‑mc‑w Dï‑mb‑nc‑n¡‑p‑w.
t‑ee D¯ch‑v t‑^‑md‑w "F^‑v‑' e‑mW‑v Ât‑IïX‑v.
Fk‑vþ8 t‑ee{‑]I‑mc‑w AhI‑mi‑w k‑n²‑n¨ BÄ
S‑n Øe¯‑v s‑t‑Ã‑m at‑äs‑X¦‑ne‑p‑w `£‑yh‑nft‑b‑m
a‑m{‑Xt‑a I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑ph‑m³ ]‑mS‑pff‑q. S‑nb‑mÄ¡‑v
I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑ph‑m³ k‑m[‑n¡‑ms‑X h‑¶mÂ
]db‑ph‑m‑pÅX‑v tIÄ¡p-hm³ Ahkc‑w ÂI‑nb
t‑ij‑w I‑me‑mh[‑n X‑oc‑p¶X‑n‑p a‑p¼‑pXs‑¶
S‑nb‑mf‑ps‑S I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑pX‑n‑pÅ AhI‑mi‑w d±‑v
s‑N¿‑mh‑p¶X‑p‑w kÀ¡‑mc‑n‑v CX‑pa‑qea‑pï‑mI‑p¶
j‑vS§Ä¡‑v teew sImïbmÄ D¯ch‑mZ‑nb‑m
b‑nc‑n¡‑p¶‑X‑pa‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ9 `‑qa‑nb‑nÂ I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑p¶‑X‑n‑pÅ
AhI‑mi‑w Bc‑p‑w t‑ee‑w s‑I‑mÅ‑mX‑nc‑n¡‑pIt‑b‑m
t‑ee¯‑pI B `‑qa‑nb‑nÂ I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑p¶‑X‑n‑v
e`‑n¡‑mh‑p¶ e‑m`t‑¯¡‑mÄ hfs‑c I‑pdh‑ms‑W¶‑v
t‑_‑m²‑ya‑mh‑pIt‑b‑m s‑N¿‑p¶ ]£‑w AS‑p¯ 3 hÀ‑
j¯‑nÂ I‑qS‑m¯ I‑mebfh‑nt‑e¡‑v B Øe¯‑v
I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑ph‑m³ t‑hï S]S‑nIÄ IfÎÀ/
BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑v¡‑v k‑z‑oIc‑n¡‑mh‑p¶X‑p‑w h‑nfb‑ps‑S
t‑ee¯‑nÂ ‑n¶‑v e`‑n¡‑p¶ X‑pIb‑nÂ ‑n¶‑v
I‑rj‑n s‑Neh‑p‑w t‑aÂt‑‑m«¡‑qe‑nb‑p‑w `‑q‑nI‑pX‑nb‑p‑w
DÄs‑¸s‑S kÀ¡‑mc‑n‑v I‑nt«ï X‑pIIÄ Ig‑n¨‑v
_‑m¡‑n X‑pI `‑qh‑pSab‑v¡‑v Ât‑IïX‑pa‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ10 I‑rj‑n s‑N¿‑pX‑n‑pÅ AhI‑mi‑w
t‑ee¯‑nÂ k‑n²‑n¡‑p¶ BÄ I‑me‑mh[‑n
Ig‑nª‑p‑w B `‑qa‑n s‑s‑Ihi‑w hb‑v¡‑pIb‑ms‑W¦‑nÂ
Abmsf Hg‑n¸‑nt‑¡ïX‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ11 A¸‑oÂ:þ IfÎÀ/BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑ps‑S
D¯ch‑nÂ k¦Sa‑p`h‑n¡‑p¶‑ BÀ¡‑p‑w
D¯ch‑v s‑s‑I¸ä‑n 30 Z‑nhk§Ä¡I‑w
e‑mâ‑v dh‑y‑q I½‑ojWÀ a‑p¼‑ms‑I A¸‑oÂ
kaÀ¸‑n¡‑mh‑p¶‑X‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ12 C‑u D¯ch‑ns‑e h‑yhØIÄ
{‑]I‑mc‑w ]‑pds‑¸S‑ph‑n¨‑n«‑pÅ Hc‑p D¯ch‑v
S¸‑m¡‑p¶X‑n‑mb‑n IfÎÀ/BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑v¡‑v
At‑±l¯‑n‑v DN‑nXs‑a‑¶p t‑X‑m‑¶p¶ S]S‑nIÄ
FS‑p¡‑pIt‑b‑m FS‑p¸‑n¡‑pIt‑b‑m s‑N¿‑mh‑p¶X‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ13 C‑u D¯ch‑v {‑]I‑mc‑w kÀ¡‑mc‑nt‑e¡‑v
I‑pS‑nÈ‑nIb‑pÅ Gs‑X‑mc‑p X‑pIb‑p‑w `‑q‑nI‑pX‑n
I‑pS‑nÈ‑nIb‑mb‑n IW¡‑m¡‑mh‑p¶X‑p‑w bY‑mI‑me‑w
‑neh‑ne‑pÅ ‑nI‑pX‑n I‑pS‑nÈ‑nI hk‑qe‑m¡Â
‑nba{‑]I‑mc‑w X‑nc‑n¨‑p ]‑nS‑nt‑¡ïX‑pa‑mW‑v.
Fk‑vþ14 C‑u D¯ch‑v {‑]I‑mca‑pÅ Gs‑X‑mc‑p
t‑Ik‑ne‑p‑w IfÎÀ/BÀ.U‑n.Hb‑ps‑S Gs‑X‑mc‑p
{‑]h‑r¯‑n/ S]S‑nb‑ptSb‑p‑w t‑cJIÄ kÀ¡‑mc‑n‑v
Bhi‑ys‑¸S‑mh‑p¶X‑p‑w AX‑n‑v DN‑nXs‑a‑¶p
t‑X‑m‑¶p¶ D¯ch‑v ]‑pds‑¸S‑ph‑n¡‑mh‑p¶X‑pa‑mW‑v.

dhyq hmÀ¯ 23
Pt£aw a‑p³‑nÀ¯‑nb‑pÅ ‑nch[‑n
h‑nIk t‑£a]²X‑nIf‑mW‑v
k‑wØ‑mkÀ¡‑mÀ Bh‑nj‑vIc‑n¨‑v S¸‑ne‑m¡‑n
hc‑p¶‑X‑v. CX‑ns‑â `‑mKa‑mb‑n S¸‑ne‑m¡‑nb ]e
]²X‑nIf‑pt‑Sb‑p‑w K‑pW^e§Ä P§f‑nt‑eb‑v¡‑v
F¯‑n¡‑m³ Ignªn«p−v. N‑neX‑v Ahk‑m
L«¯‑ne‑pa‑mW‑v. s‑Fi‑zc‑y]‑qÀ®a‑mb Hc‑p
ka‑ql‑w s‑I«‑n¸S‑p¡‑p¶‑X‑nt‑eb‑v¡‑mb‑n
C‑nb‑pt‑as‑d ]²X‑nIÄ Bh‑nj‑vIc‑n¨‑v
S¸‑mt‑¡ï‑nb‑nc‑n¡‑p‑¶‑p. A¯c¯‑nÂ h‑n`‑mh‑w
s‑Nb‑vX H‑¶‑mW‑v k‑va‑mÀ«‑v h‑nt‑ÃP‑v ]²X‑n.
{‑]‑mN‑o t‑K‑m{‑X`cWh‑yhØb‑nÂ ‑n‑¶‑p‑w
t‑I‑mt‑f‑mW‑nbÂ I‑me¯‑ne‑qs‑S B[‑p‑nI
P‑m[‑n]X‑y ka‑ql¯‑nt‑e¡‑pÅ {‑]
b‑mW¯‑n‑nSb‑nÂ `cW‑w F¶ ]Z¯‑ns‑â
AÀ°¯‑n‑p‑w Bib¯‑n‑p‑w Hc‑p]‑mS‑v a‑mä§Ä
k‑w`h‑n¨‑n«‑pï‑v. `cWI‑qS¯‑ns‑â Bib§Ä
Pk‑ma‑m‑y¯‑ns‑â a‑pIf‑nÂ AS‑nt‑¨e‑v]‑n¡‑p¶‑
aÀ±t‑‑m]‑m[‑n F¶‑‑neb‑nÂ ‑n‑¶‑p‑w P§f‑ps‑S
AhI‑mi§Ä k‑wc£‑n¡‑p¶‑X‑n‑pÅ k‑wh‑n[‑m
a‑mb‑n a‑md‑nb‑nc‑n¡‑p‑¶‑p. A´‑mc‑m{‑ãXe¯‑nÂ
`cW‑w F¶‑ Bibh‑pa‑mb‑n _Ôs‑¸«‑v
‑nch[‑n k‑wÖIÄ ka‑o]I‑me¯‑p c‑q]
s‑¸«‑p h‑¶‑n«‑pï‑v. ]¦‑mf‑n¯‑w‑, D¯ch‑mZ‑n¯‑w‑,
X‑pe‑yX‑, ‑nba]‑me‑w‑, k‑pX‑mc‑yX‑, I‑mc‑y£aX
F‑¶‑nh kÛcW¯‑n‑v Ahi‑y‑w t‑hï
LSI§f‑ms‑W‑¶‑pÅ Aht‑_‑m[‑w C¶‑‑v c‑q]
s‑¸«‑n«pï‑v. a‑pj‑y‑mhI‑mi§Ä¡‑v {‑]‑ma‑pJ‑y‑w
s‑I‑mS‑p¡‑p¶‑ Hc‑p `cW k‑wh‑n[‑ma‑mW‑nX‑v. C‑u
he‑nb a‑mä¯‑n‑v A‑pk‑rXa‑mb‑n H‑m^‑ok‑pIf‑ps‑S
I‑mc‑y£aX DbÀt‑¯ïX‑mb D¯ch‑mZ‑n¯‑w
I‑qS‑n C¶‑‑v `cWI‑qS§Ä¡‑pï‑v.
FUn-täm-dn-bÂ Sow
s‑]‑mX‑pP k‑uIc‑y‑mÀ°‑w h‑nt‑ÃP‑v/X‑me‑q¡‑v H‑m^‑ok‑pIÄs‑¡‑m¸‑w
A£b t‑I{‑µ§Ä hg‑nb‑p‑w dh‑y‑q hI‑p¸‑v ‑ 24 C‑w
kÀ«‑n^‑n¡ä‑pIÄ H‑m¬s‑s‑e‑mb‑n ÂI‑n hc‑p‑¶‑pï‑v.
Cþ-Un-kv{SnIväv ]²-Xn-bn-eqsS 31.08.2016 hsc 2,05,17,867 kÀ«n-
^n-¡-äp-IÄ hnX-cWw sNbvXn-«pï-v.

Revenue news 2016 september

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