Pertussis, or whooping cough, is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium. It has three phases: the catarrhal phase with mild symptoms resembling a cold, the paroxysmal stage with severe coughing fits, and the convalescent phase as symptoms improve. The coughing fits are characterized by rapid successive coughs and a long crowing inhale. Complications can include pneumonia, seizures, brain damage, and malnutrition in severe cases. Treatment involves antibiotics in early stages and supportive care, with vaccination helping to prevent cases.

1. Dr shambhavi sharma

2. • Pertussis- intense cough
• 100 days cough

3. AGENT
Bordetella Pertussis
• Gram negative bacillus

7. • Three Phase:
1. Catarrhal Phase
2. Paroxysmal stage
3. Convalescent stage

8. • Initial 7-10 days
• Indistuinguishable from URTI
• Child is not that sick so parents think
they have a common cold and don’t
isolate from other children
• Most infectious period
Catarrhal Phase

9. • Cough, coryza, mild fever
• Worsening of cough & more in night
• Later paroxysmal nature

10. • Lasts for 2-4 weeks
• Rapid succession of
cough in explosive
manner
• Child appears choked
• Unable to breath
• Anxious

11. • Bout of cough terminates with long drawn out
inspiratory crowing sound or whoop
• Whoop is produced by air rushing in during
inspiration through half open glottis
• No whoop in infant but apneic or cyanotic spells
• Paroxysms of cough every hourly or more
frequently
• Post-tussive vomiting

12. • Paroxysm precipitated by
• Food
• Cold air
• Cold liquids

13. • Interval between paroxysm of cough
increases and severity of episode decrease
• Appetite and general condition improves
• Last 2-4 weeks

14. • Total leukocyte count – elevated with absolute
lymphocytosis
• Fluroscent antibody staining of laryngeal
swab
• ELISA antibody against Filament hemagglution
antigen (FHA) and Lymphocyte promoting factor
(LPF)
• Bacterial isolation

15. • Hospitalization required for infants < 3months or
with severe illness
• Erythromycin – 14 days [helpful in catarrhal
phase]
• Supportive treatment
• Calm and quiet environment
• Bronchodilators to relive bronchospasm
• Life threatening illness
• Betamethasone

16. • Respiratory:
• Patchy atelectasis
• Pneumonia
• Bronchiectasis
• Subcutaneous emphysema
• Pneumothorax
• Flaring up of preexisting tuberclosis

17. • Neurological:
• Convulsion and encephalopathy
• Intracranial hemorrhages
• Persistent seizures
• Hemiplegia & Paraplegia

18. • Gastrointestinal:
• Hernias
• Rectal prolapse
• Subconjunctival hemorrhage
• Severe malnutrition

19. • Active immunization
• DPT As pentavalent vaccine in
6,10,14 weeks