Fire accident at IOC Hazira terminal.

1. FIRE ACCIDENT- AT IOC
HAZIRA TERMINAL
A Petro-Chemical
accident.

2. TOPICS
Fire at IOC Hazira terminal (2013)
Casualties: 3
Duration for extinguishing the fire: 21Hours
Value of property: 35 Crores
For your information: Every background image that have
been used in this presentation actually pertains to the
«Hazira terminal accident»,Please do watch closely.

3. ABOUT IOC OIL TERMINAL, HAZIRA,
2013

4. CAUSES OF THE ACCIDENT- HAZIRA
TERMINAL, GUJARAT.
1. Hazira is a so-called 'white-oil terminal', housing a tank farm to
store petrol and diesel. It has five petrol storage tanks and four
diesel tanks.
2. Accident happened on January 5th 2013.
3. The fire broke out at , about 12.30 pm in a diesel tank.
4. The fire reportedly started after a blast in tank no. 4, which
contained nearly 55 lakh liters of diesel, during a welding work by
three technicians to repair a leak.
5. The “root cause” of the incident, according to the report, was the
use of old, corroded plates to repair the floating roof of tank No. 4.
6. On December 31, 2012, within three months of re-commissioning
of the tank, a leak in the roof pontoon was detected. This turned
into petrol vapors that got ignited, leading to the explosion on

5. PONTOON (FLOATING ROOF
STORAGE TANKS )
1. A 'Floating Roof', as its name implies, actually floats on the surface
of the liquid in the tank
2. As the liquid level changes the roof is designed to move up and
down with the liquid level - i.e. Filling, Emptying, Expansion and
Contraction due to temperature changes
3. This type of tank roof minimizes the vapour space between it and
the liquid surface. Since there is no large vapour space for the
liquid to evaporate into, vapour losses are also minimized
4. This consists of a series of pontoons - (closed compartments)
around the outer edge of a central plate. This construction
increases the floating stability

6. PONTOON

7. COND..
1. Seepage in pontoons emanated hydrocarbon vapors, which mixed
with air and created hydrocarbon mixture in the pontoons. This
mixture getting some source of ignition from acts of workers
attempting to repair the seepage caused the explosion and fire.
2. The IOC facility at Hazira has nine tanks located nearby each other.
The tank number four had almost 5,000 kilolitres of petrol, half of
its capacity, when it caught fire.

8. SOURCE OF IGNITION
The most likely cause of the explosion appears to have been a spark
or the falling of a metal object on a metal plate during checking of
the seepage
The probe also shows that the procedure for repair was not followed
by IOC officials, as instructions are to carry out such a task only after
emptying a tank. Tank No. 4 contained 5,027 kilolitres of petrol at
the time of the fire.
(i.e.) 5027 X 1000 = 50,27,000. (55 Lakh liters as per the
investigation report)

9. TYPES OF EXPLOSION
The following are the types of explosions happened at this terminal
BLEVE
Vapor cloud explosion
Detonation

10. INVESTIGATION REPORT
The accident investigation report blames the lapses by senior
officials.
 Allowing any repair work on the tank filled with product could be
either due to lack of job knowledge or (due to) ignoring of hazards
knowing its consequences.
Senior management has been hauled up for the lack of preparedness
in firefighting as the systems in place had ineffective fire water
coverage.
Moreover, workers were allowed in the hazardous area without work
permits and without being checked for possessing any hazardous
tools or equipment, including mobile phones, match box, cigarettes
etc. which are prohibited.

11. THE MOBILE PHONE (MIGHT BE A
SOURCE OF IGNITION)
There is also a part of this Investigation report which has this..
The Investigation team has ruled out the use of mobile phone by a
worker as having caused the fire. The only call received by one of the
workers ended at 12:36:21 hours while the vibration of the explosion
captured by the CCTV at the accident site puts the disaster time at
12:38:08 hours.
Using of mobile phones is also highly prohibited in flammable areas
according to the Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) norms.

12. FACTS ABOUT THE ACCIDENT
This is the second major fire at the IOC storage depots since 2009.
On October 29, 2009, a fire broke out at the Jaipur terminal. It was
attributed to the failure to follow safety procedures.
Here even though the safety procedures were not followed the fire
has been controlled by spraying foam and water to the nearby tanks
by quickly arranging the fire trucks from the nearby premises.
 It has been announced Rs. 5 lakh in compensation for the kin of the
deceased.

13. REFERENCES
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_abbreviations_in_oi
l_and_gas_exploration_and_production
 http://oisd.nic.in/
 http://articles.compressionjobs.com/articles/oilfield-
101/5130-storage-tanks-vessels-gas-liquids?start=2
 http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/major-fire-at-indian-
oil-hazira-terminal-gujarat/1/240973.html
 http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/fire-at-ioc-
hazira-terminal-contained-one-more-
killed/article4280349.ece
 https://www.iocl.com/

14. CCTV FOOTAGE OF THE
ACCIDENT
Thank you
-Shakthi vijay R