Antiparasitic drugs are a group of medications used in the management and treatment of infections by parasites, including protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites. White spots through-out the body-ICH DISEASE

1. Antiparasitic
Drug
Satyajit Ghoshal
BFSc 3rd year
WBUAFS
AAH-316

2. Table of contents
Introduction
Antiparasitic Drug
Diseases & drug
Conclusions
01
02
03
04
Here we describe about
the parasite, it’s types etc.
Here we describe the
examples of those drugs
Common diseases, drugs to
treat them, mode of action
Here I conclude my
session

3. Introduction
Here we describe about
the parasite, it’s types.
01

4. What is parasite?
Parasites are small animals that require
one or more host animals in order to
complete their life-cycle. Generally they
cannot survive outside of their host.
Their presence may or may not cause
health effects in the host animal.

5. Types of parasites
Protozoans Ectoparasites
Eg: Ichthiopthirius sp.
1 3
2
Helminths
Eg: cestodes, nematodes. Eg: Tricodina, Lernea

6. Ichthiopthirius multifilis Tricodina sp. Gyrodactylus
Amyloodinium ocellatum Myxobolus cerebralis Argulus

7. Antiparasitic
Drug
Here we describe the
examples of those drugs.
02

8. Antiparasitic Drug
Antiparasitic drugs are a group of
medications used in the management
and treatment of infections by parasites,
including protozoa, helminths, and
ectoparasites.

9. Some common Antiparasitic Drugs
• KMnO4
It works aginst protozoan infection.
• Albendazole
Albendazole is a broad
spectrum anti-helminthic.
• Sodium chloride
Salt effectively controls the
protozoans in gill and skin.
• Formalin
It controls external parasitic infections.
• LICEX
This medication is used to treat lice.
• H2O2
Used as bath treatment against
parasite, bacteria, fungus etc.

10. Some common Antiparasitic Drugs
• Ivermectin
Used as in-feed formulations on
salmonid fish against copepods.
• Metronidazole
Metronidazole is effective against the
Epistilis.
• Amprolium
It also prevent the parasitic
infections
• Bithionol
It prevents the parasitic infections.
• Ronidazole
It works against helmints.
• Nitroscanate
Works against protozoan infection.

11. Disease & drugs
Common diseases, drugs to
treat them, mode of action
03

12. How to select a drug
Check the progress of
treatment at regular
intervals.
Report
Note all the data from the
test.
Data collect
Note down the medicines
which are needed to cure
that disease
Medication
Observation
Observe the symptoms of
the disease
Take samples like smear,
skin etc.
Sampling
Identify the disease
Identification
1 2 3
6 5 4

13. Observation 1
● White spots through-out the
body
● Ichthiopthirius multifiliis is
found under the microscope.
ICH DISEASE

14. Medication 1
It is applied with a dose of 1-2 ppm.
1. KMnO4
Mechanism of Action
Potassium permanganate functions as an
oxidising agent. Through this mechanism it
results in disinfection, works aginst protozoan
infection.

15. Medication 2
It is applied with a dose of 5-10 ppm.
2. Formalin
Mechanism of Action
Formalin inactivates the parasites
by alkylating the amino and sulfhydryl groups
of proteins and ring nitrogen atoms of purine
bases.

16. Medication 3
It is applied with a dose of 5 ml/10 gallons
of water.
3. Hikari Ich X
Mechanism of Action
Made with formaldehyde, malachite green, or
copper sulphate combination. It’s proven to
be very effective against Ich disease.

17. Observation 2
● Creamish coating on the fish
skin.
● Red spots on the body
● Tricodina reticulata is found
under the microscope.
Tricodiniosis

18. Medication 1
It is applied with a dose of 3-4
kg/bigha/month
1. NaCl
Mechanism of Action
The mechanism of inhibition of
microorganisms by sodium chloride is mainly
by lowering the water activity (aw) of the
substrate.

19. Observation 3
● Necrosed gill.
● White patches in the gills
● Dactylogyrus is found under
the microscope
Dactylogyrus

20. Medication 1
It is applied with a dose of 4mg/kg body
weight.
1. Albendazole
Mechanism of Action
The principal mode of action for albendazole
is by its inhibitory effect on tubulin
polymerization which results in the loss of
cytoplasmic microtubules in the intestines of
nematodes worms, ultimately causing energy
depletion and death of the organism.

21. Observation 4
● Externally a parasite can be
seen.
● Argulus is found under the
microscope
Fish Lice

22. Medication 1
It is applied with a dose of 200
micrograms/kg
1. LICE-X
Mechanism of Action
This medicine is absorbed by the lice and
destroys them by acting on their nervous
systems..

23. Observation 5
● Cottony growth seen on the
body.
● Red spots on the body
● Epistilus is found under the
microscope
Red Sore
Disease

24. Medication 1
It is applied with a dose of 1 gm/20 gallons
1. Metronidazole
Mechanism of Action
Metronidazole diffuses into the
organism, inhibits protein synthesis by
interacting with DNA, and causes a loss of
helical DNA structure and strand breakage.
Therefore, it causes cell death in susceptible
organisms.

25. Conclusion
Here I describe the problems
related to this drug use
04

26. Environmental problems
• The use of antiparasitic drugs
in aquaculture raises concerns
about their potential impact on
the environment.
• Careful attention must be given
to proper dosing, withdrawal
periods, and treatment
protocols to minimize the risk
of drug residues in water
bodies and potential effects on
non-target organisms.
• Similar to other sectors, the
development of drug resistance in
parasites is a significant concern
in aquaculture.
• The continuous and excessive use
of certain antiparasitic drugs can
lead to the emergence of resistant
parasite populations. To mitigate
this issue, responsible drug use
practices, rotation of different drug
classes, and integrated pest
management approaches are
employed.
Resistance management

27. Regulatory framework
The use of antiparasitic drugs in
aquaculture is subject to regulations and
guidelines set by national authorities and
international organizations. These
regulations aim to ensure the safety and
efficacy of drugs, protect the environment,
and maintain consumer confidence in
aquaculture products.

28. Conclusion
It is important to note that the specific
antiparasitic drugs and their regulations may
vary depending on the country and the type
of aquaculture system. Local regulations and
best management practices should be
followed to ensure responsible use and
minimize the potential negative impacts
associated with antiparasitic drug use in
aquaculture.

29. CREDITS: This presentation template was
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References
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicin
e-and-dentistry/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PM
C2124506/
https://www.britannica.com/science/

30. Thanks for your
ATTENTION!!