2. Introduction
Types of plough
Component of MB plough
Types of mould board
Types of share
Types of landside
Accessories of the plough
Design procedure for M.B ploughs
Reference
3. It is one of the oldest of all agricultural implements.
Considered to be the most important tillage implement.
It consumes more traction energy than any other operation
It is a primary tillage equipment used primarily in areas with
sufficient rainfall for better soil inversion, green manuring,
burying heavy weed growth underneath the soil for better
decay.
It is available for animals and tractor operation.
4. a) cutting the furrow slice.
b) lifting the furrow slice.
c) inverting the furrow slice and,
d) pulverizing the soil
e) It is used for covering grass into the soil immediately after
rains
5. Types of MB Plough :
1. According to power source
a. Animal drawn
b. Tractor drawn
2. According to type of hitch
a. Trailed
b. Semi-mounted
c. Mounted
3.According to direction of throw of soil
a. One way
b. Reversible (two way)
7. It is three sided wedge.
i. There are three main parts i.e. a)mould board, b)landslide
and c)share which are rigidly fastened to the frog.
ii. Its main function is to cut the furrow slice, shatter the soil
and invert the furrow slice to cover trash.
iii. The size of the plow bottom is the width of furrow it is
designed to cut.
8. a) Share: It is the part of plow bottom which actually penetrates
into the soil and makes a horizontal cut below the surface.
b) Mould Board: It is the curved part which lifts and turns the
slice.
c) Landslide: It is the flat plate which bears against and transmits
the rear side lateral thrust of plow bottom to the furrow wall.
d) Frog: It is the base of the plow bottom to which other parts
are attached.
e) Tail Piece: It is the extension of mould board which helps in
turning the furrow slice.
9.
10. Share point: It is the forward end of the cutting edge
which actually penetrates into the soil
Cutting edge: It is the front edge of the share which
makes horizontal cut in the soil. It is beveled to
some distance.
11. Wing of share: It is the outer end of the cutting edge of the
share. It supports the plough bottom
Gunnel: It is the vertical face of the share which slides along
the furrow wall. It takes the side thrust of the soil and
supports the plough bottom against the furrow wall.
Cleavage edge: It is the edge of the share which forms joint
between moulboard and share on the frog.
Wing bearing: It is the level portion of the wing of the share,
providing a bearing for the outer corner of the plough bottom
12. a. Slip share: One piece share with curved cutting edge, having
no additional part. Common type of share generally used by
the farmers, as it is simple in design. Disadvantage is that
entire share has to be replaced if it is worn out.
b. Slip-nose Share: It is a share in which the point of share is
provided by a small detachable piece. It has the advantage
that the share point can be replaced as and when required. If
the point is worn out, it can be changed with a new nose
without.
13. c) Shin share: It has a shin as an additional part. It is similar to
slip share with a difference that an extension is provided by
side of the mould board.
d) Bar point share: It is the share in which point of share is
provided by an adjustable and replaceable bar. This bar serves
the purpose of point of share and landslide of the plow
16. General Purpose:
It is a mould board having medium curvature lying between stubble
and sod types.
The mould board is fairly long with a gradual twist, the surface
being slightly convex.
It turns a well defined furrow slice and pulverizes the soil
thoroughly.
Slat type:
It is a mould board whose surface is made of slats placed along the
length of the mould board, so that there are gaps between the slats.
This type of mould board is often used, where the soil is sticky,
because the solid mould board does not scour well in sticky soils.
17. It is short but broader mould board with a relatively abrupt
curvature which lifts, breaks and turns the furrow slice.
This is best suited to work in stubble soil.
Stubble soil is that soil in which stubble of the plants from the
previous crop is still left on the land at the time of ploughing.
This type of mould board is not suitable for lands with full of
grasses.
Sod type:
It has long mb with gentle curvature which lifts and inverts the
unbroken furrow slice.
This is very useful where complete inversion of soil is required
by the farmer.
This type is used in sod soils (soil with much of grass).
18. This landside is about 25cm long & is used in plough
where landside pressure is not a factor.
This landside is 30cm long & is used for normal ploughing
condition.
This landside is 40cm long &has a landside heel. It is used in
abrasive soil.
This landside is 50cm long &has a landside heel. It is used in
mould board ploughs which does not have rear furrow wheel.
It gives support to a plough bottom.
19.
20. Coulter:
It is a device used to cut the furrow slice vertically from the
land ahead of the plough bottom.
It cuts the furrow slice from the land and leaves a clear wall. It
also cuts trashes which are covered under the soil by
the plough.
21. It is a small irregular piece of metal having a shape similar to
an ordinary plough bottom.
It looks like a miniature plough Its purpose is to turn over a
small ribbon like furrow slice directly in front of the
main plough bottom.
Gauge wheel
It is an auxiliary wheel of an implement to maintain an
uniform depth of working.
It is usually placed in hanging position.
22. 1. Establish following points:
Type and kind of mould board
Tillage depth (a)
Furrow slice width (b)
b/a ratio (1.1 to 1.5).
2. Decide the angles of share:
Load angle =14-18 degrees
Share angle =35-45 degrees
Cutting angle =22-28 degrees
23. 3. Calculate DBHP of Tractor:
DBHP= 60% of BHP
4. Calculate drawbar pull:
Drawbar pull available from tractor is given by
24. 5. Calculation of width of implement:
Where. Di= draft requirement of implement, kg
n=number of bottoms in MB plough
dp= depth of plowing, cm
R=specific resistance of soil, kg/cm2
25. 6. Forces acting on MB plough bottom:
Draft (D) = P cos θ cos α
Side draft (S) = P cos θ sin α
Vertical component (V) = P sin θ cos α
Where , P = Pull of plough, kg/N
θ = Angle of pull with horizontal plane, degrees
α = Angle of pull with vertical plane, degrees
26.
27. 7. Design of landside of MB plough:
Length of landside
Where,
Lis=length of landside from the point of share to heel of landside
cm
B= width of landside, cm
Ø= angle of soil granular friction, (degrees)
α = inclination of pull with vertical plane, (degrees)
28. Width of landside: Usually width of landside is taken as one
third of throat width of share
Thickness of landside (t):
Where, fi = permissible stress in the landside, kg/cm2
W= uniformly distributed load on landside surface
kg/cm2
T= thickness of landside, cm/mm.
29.
30.
31. Where,
F= max. stress developed in share,kg/cm2
b= width of shank, cm
t= thickness of share, cm
B= a constent, depends on length-breadth ratio of share.
32. Its usually made from welded steel, pressed steel sheet
or cast steel.
Hardness of frog made from steel casting should be
130-201 HB
For heavy duty cast iron 160-260 HB
33. Farm Machinery Design : Principles And Problems, -D.N
SHARMA & S MUKSEH
Elements of Agricultural Engineering -JAGDISHWAR SAHAY
