Plant Quarantine & Phytosanitary Measures

1. Plant
Quarantine &
Phytosanitary
Measures
#ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND PROTECTION

2. Table of contents
1
History and rise in issues of
plant quarantine and
phytosanitary measures
Background
General understanding of
the topic and terms
Introduction
Present status, policy and
actions taken in the field.
Present scenario
Recommendations and ways
forward on solving issues
Conclusion
2
3 4

3. Background
With the increasing international travel
and trade globalization, the persistence
of trans-boundary plant/animal/human
diseases in the world poses a serious
risk to world humans/animal/
agriculture/food security and jeopardizes
international trade.

4. Many destructive plant pathogens
have emerged via human-assisted
global migration movement from
their native geographic range to a
new environment.
These new hosts have not coevolved
with the pathogen and may have
little resistance or tolerance to
infection.
French government promulgated
the first plant quarantine law in 1860
to suppress and prevent the spread
of common barberry, the alternate
host for wheat rust.

5. 1951
FAO Sponsored IPPC
International Plant Protection Convention,
1919
50 countries participated and finalized
issuance and acceptance of
Phytosanitary Certificate
2006
Nepal agreed to implement
SPS Agreement
1914
First effort on International
agreement of plant protection
A brief history of the movement
1 2 3 4

6. Introduction

7. What is Plant quarantine?
●A legal restriction on
movement of agricultural
commodities for the purpose
of exclusion, prevention or
delay in the establishment of
plants, pests and diseases in
the area where they are not
present.
●Plant quarantine is
thus designed as a
safeguard against
harmful
pests/pathogens
exotic to a country or a
region.

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9. What is SPS Measures?
●Sanitary (human and animal
health) and phytosanitary
(plant health) measures apply
to domestically produced
food or local animal and
plant diseases, as well as to
products coming from other
countries.
●Ensuring safe trade
without unnecessary
restrictions.
●Seeks to strike a balance
between the right of WTO
members to protect health
and the need to allow the
smooth flow of goods across
international borders.

10. For purpose of SPS agreement:
SPS measures are any measures applied:
•To protect human or animal life from risks arising from additives,
contaminants, toxins or disease-causing organisms in their food
•To protect human life from plant or animal-carried diseases
•To protect animal or plant life from pests, diseases or
disease-causing organisms
•To prevent or limit any other damage to a country from the entry,
establishment or spread of pests.

11. Present status
Tuta absulata, Hemelia vestatrix,
Bactrocera minax, Pyricularia oryzae
Mythimna separate are some of pest issues
arising in the plant quarantine in recent years.

12. Plant quarantine in Nepal:
Altogether 15 quarantine check points are functioning
within the country. Most of them are connected in Indian
boarders and three of them in Nepal China boarder.
-National Plant Quarantine Program, Harihar Bhawan,
Lalitpur as a governing office within the Plant
Protection Directorate
-Five Regional Plant Quarantine Offices are located in
Indian boarder, which include:
1) Regional Plant Quarantine Office, Kakad Bhitta
2) Regional Plant Quarantine Office, Birgunj,
3) Regional Plant Quarantine Office, Bhairawa
4) Regional Plant Quarantine Office, Nepalgunj
5) Regional Plant Quarantine Office, Gadda Chuki

13. Plant quarantine in Nepal:
Plant Quarantine Check posts and sub-checkpost:
1) Biratnagar, Morang
2) Bhantabar, Sunsari
3) Jaleshwar, Mahottari
4) Malangawa, sarlahi
5) International Airport at Kathmandu
6) Tatopani, Sindhupalchowk
7) Rasuwa, Kerung
8) Krishna Nagar, Kapilbastu
9) Lomangthang, Mustang
10) Jhulaghat, Baitadi,
Phytosanitary Certificates & Import Permit (IP) is issued through
these entry points. It is obligation of the exporting countries to
show these documents while working with the transactions.
Plant Quarantine Officer is designated to every entry point.

14. SPS in Nepal:
The Department of Food Technology and Quality
Control (DFTQC) and concerned ministry are
responsible for the preparation, adoption and
application of SPS measures in Nepal
The export and import of plant and plant materials,
such as seeds, saplings and seedlings are subject
to phytosanitary measures at the border
checkpoints.
500 pests of 20 commodities are declared as QPs,
and regulated with pursuant to Plant Protection Act
of Nepal.

15. How to do it?

16. Parts and whole
MoALD PQPMC
Sections of PQPMC
National Plant Protection
Organization Section
Plant Quarantine Regulation and
Monitoring Section
Pesticide Registration and
Management Section
Pest Risk Analysis Section
Survey and Surveillance Section

17. Carry out the functions of National Plant
Protection Organization (NPPO)
Act as the focal point of International Plant
Protection Commission (IPPC) and implement
the activities of IPPC and NPPO
Implementation of the Plant Protection Act, 2007
and Plant Protection Regulation, 2010.
Implementation of the Pesticides Act (1991) and
Pesticides Regulation (1994) and its amendment
Establishment and management of plant
quarantine check posts.
Functions
of
PQPMC

18. Conclusion:
Inadequate capacity to comply with stringent measures in risk
assessment
Compliance with the guidelines established in the SPS
Agreement of the WTO benefits for, the agricultural sectors of the
signatory Member States, if it is their intention to gain greater
access to international agricultural markets
Strengthening the Plant quarantine institutions and
infrastructures

19. Thanks!
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