3. DEFINITION
• Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also
called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is your main
source of energy and comes from the food you eat. Insulin, a
hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose from food get
into your cells to be used for energy.
4. TYPE OF DIABETES
• Types of Diabetes
• Diabetes is categorized into the following types based on the
reason for their cause
• Type 1 Diabetes(insulin dependent diabetes mellitus)
• Type 2 Diabetes(non- insulin dependent diabetes mellitus)
5. Type 1 diabetes –
Type 1 diabetes also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent
diabetes
A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin.
In this condition pancreas Cell are destroy and not make sufficient
insuline so The glucose are not converted in glycogen then glucose level
increased in blood .
It is a chronic condition .
• Type 2 diabetes-
• A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood
sugar (glucose).
• In this type of diabetes pancreas Beta cell are produced insulin but
insulin are not bind to the cell receptor so glucose are not bind To the
Blood cell so the glucose are not converted to the glycogen and glucose
Level are increasing in blood so this is also called non insulin
dependent diabetes.
• It is a chronic disease .
6. • sign and symptoms
• Type 2 diabetes
• Whole body: excessive hunger, excessive thirst, or fatigu
• Weight: weight gain or weight loss
• Also common: frequent urination, blurred vision, or poor wound
healing
• Type 1 diabetes
• Excessive thirst, fatigue, hunger, or sweating
• Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting
• Urinary: bed wetting or excessive urination
• Also common: blurred vision, fast heart rate, frequent infections,
12. TREATMENT OF DIABETES
• Diabetes treatments
• Also called: diabetes mellitus
• Controlling blood sugar through diet, oral medication or insulin is
the main treatment. Regular screening for complications is also
required.
• MOST COMMON TYPES
• Type 2 diabetes
• Treatments include diet, exercise, medication and insulin therapy.
• Type 1 diabetes
• Treatment aims at maintaining normal blood sugar levels through
13. Insulin therapy-
People with type 1 diabetes require multiple insulin injections
each day to maintain safe insulin levels. Insulin is often required
to treat type 2 diabetes too. Using an insulin pump is an
alternative to injections. The pump is about the size of a pager
and is usually worn on your bel
14. DRUG USED IN THE TREATMENT OF
DIABETES
• Insulin (long- and rapid-acting) …
• Metformin (overcome insulin resistance)
• Pioglitazone
• Glimepiride
• Nateglinide(Inhance insulin secretion)
• Linagliptine (Inhance insulin secretion)
15. CONCLUSION
• Diabetes is a serious life-threatening disease and must be
constantly monitored and effectively subdued with proper
medication and by adapting to a healthy lifestyle. By following a
healthy lifestyle, regular checkups, and proper medication we
can observe a healthy and long life.
16. REFERENCE
Harsh Mohan – Textbook of Pathology
A Book Of Clinical Biochemistry- Jay pee Brothers Medical
Publishers
Essentials of Medical Physiology
K.D. Tripathi – Essentials of Medical Pharmacology
