Know about the Diabetes, their Types, Symptoms, and Treatment

1. DIABETES
DR. MOXIT SHAH

2. What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, also
known as high blood sugar. This condition occurs when the body either does not produce
enough insulin or is unable to effectively use the insulin it produces.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood
sugar levels. It allows glucose, which is derived from the food we eat, to enter the body's
cells and be used as a source of energy. In individuals with diabetes, the impaired insulin
function leads to an accumulation of glucose in the bloodstream, resulting in hyperglycemia
(high blood sugar).

3. Types of Diabetes
Type 1
Diabetes
Type 2
Diabetes
Gestational
Diabetes

4. Type 1 Diabetes
This form of diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the
body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the
insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body
produces little to no insulin. Type 1 diabetes typically develops
in childhood or early adulthood and requires lifelong insulin
therapy.

5. Symptoms
of type 1
diabetes
include:
1.Excessive thirst and frequent urination
2.Unexplained weight loss
3.Increased hunger
4.Fatigue and weakness
5.Blurred vision
6.Slow-healing wounds
7.Irritability or mood changes
8.Recurrent infections, such as yeast infections or urinary tract
infections

6. Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes,
accounting for the majority of cases. It occurs when the
body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, or when
the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to meet the
body's needs. Type 2 diabetes is often associated with
lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and
poor diet. It can be managed through lifestyle
modifications, oral medications, injectable medications, or
insulin therapy.

7. Symptoms
of type 2
diabetes
include:
1.Increased Thirst: Excessive thirst, also known as polydipsia, is a common symptom of type 2 diabetes.
This is often accompanied by frequent urination.
2.Frequent Urination: The kidneys may attempt to remove excess glucose from the bloodstream by filtering it
into the urine. This leads to increased urine production and frequent urination, known as polyuria.
3.Fatigue: Fatigue and a general feeling of tiredness may occur due to the body's inability to properly utilize
glucose for energy. Inadequate energy production can leave you feeling constantly drained.
4.Increased Hunger: Despite eating, individuals with type 2 diabetes may experience persistent feelings of
hunger. This is because the body's cells are not effectively receiving the energy they need, leading to
increased appetite.
5.Unexplained Weight Loss: Some individuals with type 2 diabetes may experience unintentional weight
loss. This occurs as the body breaks down muscle and fat for energy when it is unable to use glucose
properly.
6.Slow Wound Healing: High blood sugar levels can impair the body's ability to heal wounds. Cuts, sores, or
infections may take longer to heal than usual.
7.Blurred Vision: Elevated blood sugar levels can cause fluid to be pulled from the lenses of the eyes,
resulting in blurred vision. This symptom is usually temporary and resolves once blood sugar levels are
controlled.
8.Recurrent Infections: Type 2 diabetes can weaken the immune system, making individuals more
susceptible to infections. Common infections include urinary tract infections (UTIs), yeast infections
(particularly in women), and skin infections.

8. Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and is
characterized by high blood sugar levels that develop or are
first recognized during pregnancy. It usually resolves after
giving birth, but women who have had gestational diabetes
have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in
life.

9. Treatment of Diabetes?
The treatment of diabetes involves lifestyle modifications, medication
management, blood sugar monitoring, and regular medical check-ups. Lifestyle
changes include a healthy diet, physical activity, weight management, stress
reduction, and sufficient sleep. Medications, such as insulin or oral
medications, may be prescribed. Blood sugar monitoring helps track glucose
levels. Regular medical check-ups assess overall health and screen for
complications.
Diabetes education and support from healthcare professionals and support
groups are important. Personalized treatment plans, close collaboration with
healthcare teams, and the guidance of professionals like Dr. Moxit Shah
contribute to effective diabetes management and improved quality of life.

10. Conclusion
diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by elevated
blood sugar levels due to inadequate insulin production or
insulin resistance. It requires lifelong management to prevent
complications and maintain optimal health.

11. Thank you
Dr. Moxit shah
moxitendocrino@gmail.com
WWW. endocrinologistinahmedabad.com