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Challenges of Machine Learning in Production
Mathieu Tuli
● Deployment of research
● Unstructured vs. structured data
● Custom solutions
● Working with clients
What Does it Mean?
● The importance of engineering
● Engineering vs. research mindset
● There are exceptions
Engineering
● Acceptable error
● Coding style and practices
● The lego model
● Curated datasets
Production vs. Academic Research
Curated Dataset
Curated Dataset
99%
84%
64%
57%
Curated Dataset
100%
96%
98%
100%
94%
93%
● Tangible results
● Optimization
Production vs. Academic Research
● Distillation
● Quantization and weight sharing
● Weight Encoding (data compression)
● Pruning
Optimization
Model Size Reduction
● Researchers don’t code for deployment
● The lego model isn’t perfect
● Building your own models
● Hardware
● Data privacy
Bottlenecks
● On-premise deployment
● Client requirements and knowledge
● Adversarial examples
Problems
Adversarial Examples
● Vanilla computer vision vs. machine learning
● Chatbot vs. frequently asked questions (FAQ)
AI vs. IA
● Format your data (consult with experts on
how)
● Being first isn’t everything
● Know what you want (start small)
● Work with a trustworthy partner
As A Company...
● This is not the full picture
● Do not underestimate the importance of
engineering
● But, research is foundational
● IA vs. AI
Concluding Remarks
Thank You

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