Feed Additives.pptx

1. Feed Additives Poultry Nutrition

2. Feed Additives
• Feed additives are nonnutritive substances added to feeds to
improve the efficiency of feed utilization and feed acceptance or
improve health and metabolism of animal in some way.

3. Benefits of Feed Additives
• Better nutrient absorption and utilization
• Reduce the growth of intestinal pathogens
• Improve production performance
• Improve feed conversion efficiency
• Reduce stress
• Minimize the chances of disease
• Provide the feed with better quality
• Maximize profit

4. 1. Antibiotics Growth Promoters
2. Probiotics
3. Prebiotics
4. Toxin Binders
5. Organic Acids
6. Emulsifiers
7. Enzymes
8. Phytogenics

5. Growth promoters
1. Antibiotic growth promoters
2. Natural growth promoters
• Prebiotics
• Probiotics
• Symbiotic
• Organic Acids
• Herbal (Phytogenic) growth promoters
• Enzymes
• Vitamins and Minerals

6. Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs)
•Used in animal feed since 1940s
•Antibiotic with low dose used to improve growth performance
•Good for growth but many demerits i.e.
- Drug Resistance
- Drug residues transfer to humans
- Transfer of drug resistant bacteria to humans
•AGP’s are banned in poultry production
Some of AGPs are,
Lincomycin, Enramycin, Avilamycin, Amoxicillin, Colistin, Neomycin,
Zinc bacitracin

7. Prebiotics, Probiotics and Synbiotics
• Prebiotics are Non-living substances which promotes the growth of
probiotics. OR
• Prebiotics are actually a nondigestible carbohydrate that acts as food
for the probiotics and bacteria in your gut..
• Probiotics are the microbial culture which promote gut health through
competitive exclusion. OR
• Probiotics as “live microorganisms which administered in adequate
amounts confer a health benefit on the host”.
• Prebiotics + Probiotics = Synbiotics

8. Prebiotics Probiotics
Fructo oligosaccharide
(FOS)
Mannan oligosaccharide
(MOS)
Lactobacillus
plantarum
Bacillus subtilis,
Bacillus Pumillus,
Bifido bacteria

9. Toxin Binders
• feed additives added to monogastric feeds or ruminant rations
that are able to bind harmful substances, mostly mycotoxins
or endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides), within animals’
gastrointestinal tracts.
• common method use as a prevention strategy when
mycotoxins have been detected in feed or feed ingredients.
• Binders function by process known as adsorption.
• prevention of mycotoxicosis, especially aflatoxicosis.

10. Certain materials are better at binding than
others. Examples of binder materials include:
1. Silicates
2. Clays e.g. bentonite
3. Yeast
4. Charcoal
• While binders represent the most common, conventional form of
mycotoxin control, the limitations on what can be bound has led
to newer, more effective methods to mitigate the effects of
mycotoxins, such as bioprotection and biotransformation

11. Adsorption efficacy of different mycotoxins

12. Organic Acids
• Organic acids positively affect gut of bird
• Reduce pH of gut, pathogens and improve nutrient utilization
• Organic acids that can be used in poultry are
a. Citric acid
b. Butyric acid
c. Formic acid
d. Propionic acid
e. Lactic acid
f. Tartaric acid
g. Malic acid
h. Fumaric acid

13. Emulsifiers:
• Emulsifiers are food additives used to help mix two
substances that typically separate when they are
combined (e.g., oil and water).
• Emulsifiers have one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic end.
• Emulsifiers play an important role in the manufacture of
food products, enhancing their appearance, taste, texture,
and shelf life.
• Emulsifiers are either purified natural products (either from
plant or animal origins) or synthetic chemicals that have
very similar structures to the natural products.

14. Enzymes in Poultry Feed:
• diet mainly constituted by grains of cereals that provide energy to
the animal however, due to their high costs, producers have
replaced them with cheaper ingredients such as barley, oats, rye,
sunflower flour, etc., but these usually contain anti-nutritional
factors.
• Poultry when fed with cereals, cannot hydrolyze the starch-free
polysaccharides present in the cell wall due to the lack of
enzymes, which causes low feed efficiency.
• adding exogenous enzymes.

15. • to improve nutritional and economic aspects in poultry
production, in addition to the decrease in the effects caused by
ANF.
• most commonly used enzymes are xylanases, glucanases,
pectinases, cellulases, proteases, amylases, phytases and
galactosidases.
• in order to neutralize the effects of the viscous, non-starch
polysaccharides in cereals such as barley, wheat, rye and
triticale .

16. • use of enzymes has been extended
• carbohydrases to increase the bioavailability and assimilation of
nutrients, as well as the reduction in digestive problems due to
the decrease in viscosity.
• when xylanases and β-glucanases are added to the diet lead to
better organoleptic matters, egg yolk color.
• with α-amylases greater energy generation and a better
production of meat and eggs

17. • phytases increase the utilization of phytate phosphorus.
• The enzymes with carbohydrase, protease, phytase and lipase
activities are the most used in the improvement of animal feed.
For its application, it must be ensured that the biocatalyst is
capable of resisting feed processing extrusion and granulation
as well as changes in the gastrointestinal tract

18. Phytogenic:
• Phytogenic feed additives, known as PFAs or botanicals, are
substances of plant origin added to animal diets at
recommended levels with the aim of improving animal
performance. Essential oils, herbs and spices all serve as
sources for bioactive ingredients, e.g. phenols and flavonoids
• Numerous studies have demonstrated that phytogenic
compounds have a variety of functions, including
antimicrobial/antiviral, antioxidative and anti-inflammation
effects and improvement in the palatability of feed and gut
development/health.

19. • thank you

20. molecules of botanical origin
that improve the physiological
functioning of organs, and
therefore the productive
performance of birds
anti-nutritional factors (ANF) such as antigenic components, raffinose
oligosaccharides, saponins, protease inhibitors, tannins, lectins and phytic acid, which
are unable to be digested by monogastric animals. The presence of ANF can increase
the digesta viscosity, decrease the absorption of nutrients and has even been
associated with the incidence of pathogenic infections such as necrotic enteritis
affecting the health of poultry and increasing production costs