This PPT is prepared for the students of PG. This is not for API not for commercial purposes.

1. Town Planning and Architecture:
Harappa
Mohenjodaro
Kalibangaa
Historical Account of Early Indian Architecture
M.A. Ist Semester
Sachin Kr. Tiwary

2. Town Planning and Architecture?
• “A city should be built to give its inhabitants security and happiness”
Aristotle
• “ A place where men had a A place where men had a common life for
a noble end” –Plato
• The art and science of ordering the use of land and siting of buildings and
communication routes so as to secure the maximum practicable degree of economy
convenience and beauty convenience, us in creating a and beauty.
• नगर ननयोजन/योजना/ननवेश: कला और विज्ञान भूवि क
े उपयोग, इिारतोों और िागों क
े
स्थावपत अथिा व्यिस्स्थत करने का प्रयास है तावक अथथव्यिस्था, सुविधा और स ोंदयथ की
अवधकति व्यािहाररक व्यिस्था सुरवित हो सक
े , विससे हिारी वनिास स्स्थवत और
स ोंदयथपूर्थ बने।
• An attempt to formulate the principles that should guide us in creating a civilized
physical background for human civilized physical background for human life whose
main impetus is thus … foreseeing and guiding change.
• नगर वनयोिन, उन वसद्ाोंतोों को तैयार करने का प्रयास है िो िानि िीिन क
े वलए सभ्य भ वतक पृष्ठभूवि
क
े साथ एक सभ्य भ वतक सुविधा बनाने िें हिारा िागथदर्थन करें, विसकी िुख्य प्रेरर्ा इस प्रकार है:
पररितथन का पूिाथभास और िागथदर्थन करना।

3. Chanakya’s thoughts on Town and Country Planning
• Town, which is congested, should be freed of surplus population, which should then be housed in a new location. The towns should be so located as they would
be in a position to help each other.
• There should be a ‘sangrahan’ among ten villages, a ‘sarvatik’ among two hundred, a ‘dronamukh’ among four hundred and a ‘sthaniya’ among eight hundred
villages.
• People who come to stay at the time of a new settlement or those who come to reside later in this new settlement should be exempted from payment of taxes
for some years. In the new village, there should be, higher proportion of agriculturists and shudras.
• There should be a market provided for the sale of goods received from traders on highways.
• Dams should be built over rivers and nalas.
• Temples and gardens should be provided.
• Arrangements should be made for looking after the aged, the children and informal persons.
• Cereals and wealth will grow if the agriculturists are kept busy. Attempts should be made to protect and increase quarries, forests and canals.
• A city should be located in the central part of the country so as to facilitate trade and commerce.
• The site elected for the purpose of this city should be quite large in area and on the banks of the river, or by the side of an artificial or natural lake, which never
goes dry.
• Its shape should be circular, rectangular or square as would suit the topography.
• There should be water on all sides. Separate areas should be provided for marketing different goods. There should be a wall around the town, which should be at
least six dandas high and twelve dandas wide. Beyond this wall, there should be three moats of 14 feet, 12 feet and 10 feet wide to be built four arm-lengths
apart. The depth should be three-fourth of width. Three-east west and three North – south roads should divide the town. The main roads should be
eight dandas wide and other roads four dandas wide.
• The palace should be in the central part. It should face either north or east. The houses of priests and ministers should be on the south-east, traders, skilled
workers, and kshatriyas on the east, the treasury, goldsmiths and industries on the south, forest produce on the northeast and doctors city fathers, the army
commander, artists, on the south. Temples should be located in the center of the town. Cemeteries should be located on the north and east of the town that for
the higher caste to be located on the south. The depressed classes should be housed beyond the cemetery. There should be one well for every group of ten
houses.

5. • An art of shaping and guiding the physical growth of the town buildings and
environments buildings and environments to meet the various needs such as
social, cultural, economic and recreational etc. and to provide healthy
conditions for both rich and poor to live, to work, and to play or relax, thus
bringing about the social and economic well-being for the majority of
mankind.
Town Planning and Architecture?

6. Town Planning and Architecture?

7. AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF TOWN PLANNING
• to create and promote healthy
conditions and environments for
all the people
• to make right use of the land for
the right purpose by zoning by
zoning
• to ensure orderly development
• to avoid encroachment of one
zone over the other one zone over
the other etc.
• social, economic, cultural and
recreational amenities etc

8. • Recreational amenities open spaces,
parks, gardens & playgrounds, town
halls stadiums community stadiums,
community centers, cinema houses,
and theatres
• To preserve the individuality of the
town
• To preserve the aesthetics
• To preserve the aesthetics in the
design of all elements of town or
city plan,
AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF TOWN PLANNING

9. Thank you
Any Question?