metal toxicity....brief about arsenic poisoning

1. Metal Toxicity
The Dose Makes The Poison... -Paracelsus

2. :Poison:
Legally, It’s a Substance (Solid, Liquid or Gas) which if introduced in
living body (i.e In Contact) will produce ill-health or death.
(By its Constitutional or Local effects or Both)
Basic Information
:The Poison Act (1919):
This act prohibits (except in condition of license) the import, possession
for sale, and sale (wholesale or retail) of any specified
poison.

3. CLASSIFICATION OF POISON
CORROSIVE IRRITANT SYSTEMIC
1
• Neurotoxic
2
• Cardiotoxic
3
• Asphyxiants
3
1
• Inorganic
Irritants
2
• Non Metallic
3
• Metallic
Irritants
1
• Strong Acids
2
• Organic Acids
3
• Alkalies

4. There are total 23 Heavy Metals

5. large amounts
of any of these
may cause
Acute or
Chronic
Toxicity

6. Apart from Allergies, repeated
long-term contact with some
metals or their compounds may
even cause cancer.

7. Heavy metals become
toxic when they are not
metabolized by the body
and accumulate in the soft
tissues

8. • Mental disorders
• Pain in muscle and
joints
• Gastro intestinal
disorders
• Vision problems
• Chronic fatigue
• Susceptibility to
fungal infections
The Symptoms

9. SOURCES OF POLLUTION
FROM HAZARDOUS METALS
1.Natural Sources
2. Anthropogenic Sources

10. Natural Sources
Seepage
From
Rocks
Volcanic
Activities
Forest
Fires

11. These toxic
elements enter the
human body
mostly through
Food and Water

12. SOME COMMON TOXIC METALS

14. Arsenic

16. 1. Arsenic is the most common cause of acute heavy metal poisoning
in adults and is number 1 on the ATSDR's "Top 20 List.“
2. Metallic Arsenic (Shiny Grey) And Not Poisonous.
(insoluble in water)
3. Post Mortem Findings: > Red Inflammed Mucosa
> Body is Emaciated (Shrunken)
SOME FACTS ABOUT ARSENIC
(Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry)

17. Compounds Of Arsenic:
 Arsenic Oxide & Arsenic Trioxide(As2O3) [White Arsenic]
 Arsenites [Sodium arsenite, Potassium Arsenite]
 Arsenic Acids [Obtained By heating Arsenious Oxide]
 Arsenates [Potassium arsenate, Sodium Arsenate]
 Arsenic Sulphides [Red and Yellow Arsenic]
 Arsenic Trichloride and Tri-Iodide
SOME FACTS ABOUT ARSENIC

18. Fatal Dose: 100 – 300 mg
Fatal Period: 1 To 2 Days
Initial Deposit : Liver> Kidney > Spleen
SOME FACTS ABOUT ARSENIC

19. SYMPTOMPS
• Vomiting
• Abdominal Pain
• Diarrhea
• Dark urine (termed black water urine)
• Hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells)
• Vertigo
• Delirium
• Shock
• Death

20. 1. Homicidal: Since, Cheap, Colorless, Tasteless, Odorless, Easily
Obtainable.
2. Suicidal: Rare, As it causes too much pain.
3. Accidental: Occupational Exposure
Drinking well Contamination
Mistaken For Food Item (Baking Powder)
4. May be Used As Cattle Poison.
Medico- Legal Aspect of
ARSENIC

21. Treatment of
ARSENIC Poisoning
1. Remove from source of Exposure
2. (A- Airways Maintained, B- Breathing ,C-
Circulation, D-Drugs)
3. Freshly Prepared Ferric Oxide
4. Administer BAL (Dimercaprol or British anti-Lewisite)
5. Vitamin B complex given
6. Symptomatic Treatment

22. Arsenic has been
classified as a
Carcinogen by the
Environmental
Protection Agency
(EPA).

23. 2. Lead

24. 1. Lead is number 2 on the ATSDR's "Top 20 List
2. It is a very soft metal and was used in pipes, drains, and
soldering materials for many years.
3. Lead poisoning occurs when lead builds up in the body,
often over a period of months or years
SOME FACTS ABOUT LEAD

25. SOURCES
• Lead-based paint and lead-
contaminated dust in older buildings.
• Contaminated air, water and soil.
• Adults who work with batteries

26. SYMPTOMPS
• High blood pressure
• Constipation
• Muscle pain
• Declines in mental functioning
• Headache, Memory loss, Mood disorders

27. . The US Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention and the
World Health Organization state
that a blood lead level of 10 μg/dL
or above is a cause for concern

28. 3. Mercury

29. 1. It’s Number 3 on ATSDR's "Top 20 List" is mercury.
SOME FACTS ABOUT MERCURY
SOURCES
•Mining operations
•Chloralkali plants
•Paper Industries

30. SYMPTOMPS
• Damage to the brain, kidneys and lungs.
• Mercury poisoning can result in several
diseases, including Acrodynia (pink disease),
Hunter-Russell syndrome, and Minamata
disease.

31. The saying “Prevention
is better than Cure”
applies to
environmental
pollution as it does to
diseases

32. Polluted environment in any
case leads to disease and ill
health

33. Thus technological options should not just
be confined to remediation strategies, but
concentrate on mitigation strategies
through reduction–either by total
replacement of heavy metals/minerals by
alternatives or refining the existing
technologies for reducing the
requirement.
Comment:

34. :PRESENTATION BY:
Anand Prakash
Para 15
Detain The Dangerous!!!
Mahamaya Rajkiya Allopathic Medical College
Ambedkar Nagar

35. THANK YOU