Application of fluid mechanics

2. Group Member Name
Omar Faruq Roney ID: 15107092
Md. Al Amin Hossain ID: 15107105
Md. Reazul Islam
Md. Saiful Islam ID: 15107096
Md. Sabbir Reza Khan

4. History
Face of Fluid Mechanics

5. What is a Fluid?
 A fluid is a substance
that continually deforms
(flows) under an applied
shear stress.

6. Fluid Types
 Ideal Fluid
 Real Fluid
 Newtonian Fluid
 Non-Newtonian Fluid

10. Fluid mechanics has a wide range of applications
Mechanical Engineering,
Chemical Engineering,
Geophysics,
Astrophysics and
Biology.

11. Engineering Application of Fluid Mechanics
 Air-conditioners

12. Engineering Application of Fluid Mechanics
 Power Generation e.g Boilers, Condensers, Nuclear reactors

13. Engineering Application of Fluid Mechanics
 Renewable Energy e.g Solar Collectors, Wind
Turbines, Hydropower

14. Engineering Application of Fluid Mechanics
 Transportation- Aircraft, Automobiles, Ships

16. Bernoulli’s Principle
Flow Water in The Pipe

20. PRESENTING:-
Md. Al Amin Hossain
ID: 15107105

21.  Definition: A hydraulic crane
is a type of heavy-duty
equipment used for lifting
and hoisting.
INTRODUCTION

22. Construction

23. Working Procedure

24. Working Procedure

25.  There are two basic types of cranes:-
A). Fixed crane
B). Mobile or Movable crane
TYPES OF CRANE

26. 1.TOWER CRANE
Specification:-
Lifting Capacity: max 25t
Working Radius: 70 m to 75m
Use:
 High rise infrastructure project.
A. Fixed crane

27. 2. SELF-ERECTING CRANE
Specification:-
Lifting Capacity: max 6t to 8t.
Working Radius: 45m.
Use:
Construction –site to transport
the material from one place to
other place.

28. 3.HAMMERHEAD CRANE
Specifications:-
Lifting capacity –max 350tons
Working radius-up to 70m
Use:
Ship-yard: construction of ship.
Heavy duty building construction.

29. Specifications:-
Lifting Capacity: 5 tones to 10
tones.
Working Radius: 23 m.
Use:
Construction of Bridge.
Ship manufacturing industry.
4.GANTRY CRANE

30. Specifications:-
Capacities - 1 ton to 100 tons
Spans – 5ft to 125ft.
Use: In steel industry.
5.OVERHEAD CRANE

31. Specifications:-
Lifting Capacity:25 to 36 tones
Working Radius: 20m to 30m
Use:
Container Loading and
Unloading.
6.DECK CRANE

32. Specifications:-
Lifting Capacity: 1 to 300 tones
Working Radius: 70m
Use:
Ship yards.
Heavy Industry
7.JIB CRANE

33. Specifications:-
Lifting capacity:120 tones.
Working Radius: 56m.
Use:
Waste Handling.
Soil Handling.
8.BULK-HANDLING CRANE

34. 1.TRUCK MOUNTED CRANE
Specifications:-
Lifting capacity: 20 to 30 tones.
Working Radius: 15m to 20m.
Use:
Motor vehicle rolling stock.
Construction and repair work.
B) Mobile or Movable crane

35. Specifications:-
Lifting Capacity: 120 US tones.
Working Radius: 50m.
 Use: Container Loading and
Unloading.
2.SIDE LIFT CRANE

36. Specifications:-
Lifting capacity:200 tons.
Working radius: 3m.
Use:
building bridges.
Chemical plants.
Refineries.
3. ROUGH TERRAIN CRANE

37. Specifications:-
Lifting capacity: up to 300
tons.
Working radius: 34m.
4.ALL TERRAIN CRANE

38. Specifications:-
 Lifting capacity: 35 to 40 tones.
Use:
Power plants.
Thermal plants.
Big infra projects.
Piling, drilling and pipe laying operation.
5. CRAWLER CRANE

39. Uses:
Lifting the goods at station yards.
Installing signaling equipment.
6. RAILROAD CRANE

40. Specifications:
Loading capacity: 10,000 tons.
Use:
Rescue Operation.
7. FLOATING CRANE

41. Use:
Sending Relief, Aid, Food.
8.AERIAL CRANE

42. PUMP

43. Content of the presentation
1.Definitation of the pump
2.History of the pumps
3.Types of pumps
4.Figure of the different types of pumps
5. Different between types of pumps
6.Application of the pumps

44. Pump
What is pumps:
A pump is a device that moves fluids
(liquids or gases),from one to another,by mechanical
action.

45. History of Pump
Ten years ago, World Pumps put
together a brief history of the pump
industry telling the story of pump
development since the Egyptians
invented the ‘shadoof’ in 200BC. We
stopped then at 1999, but here we bring
the story right up to date with some of
the main industry events of recent times

46. TYPES OF PUMPS
1.Centifugal pump or roto-dynamics pump
2. Positive displacement pump

47. Definition of Centrifugal Pump:
A centrifugal pump is a machine
that uses rotation to impart
velocity.

48. Picture of centrifugal pumps

49. How it`s works

50. Classification of Centrifugal pumps:
 End suction pumps
 In-line pumps
 Double suction pumps
 Vertical multistage pumps
 Horizontal multistage pumps
 Submersible pumps
 Self-priming pumps
 Regenerative pumps

51. Application of Centrifugal Pumps:
Common uses include water, sewage, petroleum and
petrochemical pumping; a centrifugal fan is commonly
used to implement a vacuum cleaner. The reverse
function of the centrifugal pump is a water turbine
converting potential energy of water pressure into
mechanical rotational energy.

52. Definition of Positive displacement Pump:
 A positive displacement pump makes a fluid move by
trapping a fixed amount and forcing (displacing) that
trapped volume into the discharge pipe. Some positive
displacement pumps use an expanding cavity on the
suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge
side

53. Picture of positive displacement
pumps

54. Classification of Positive displacement pump:
1.Reciprocating pumps - piston, plunger and diaphragm
2.Power pumps
3.Steam pumps
4.Rotary pumps - gear, lobe, screw, vane, regenerative
(peripheral) and progressive cavity

55. Application of positive
displacement pumps:
 High viscosity fluids, variable viscosity fluids, high
pressures (especially with low flows), shear sensitive
fluids, suction lift, and constant flow.

56. Different between centrifugal and
Reciprocating pumps

57. Md. Saiful Islam
Id:15107096
Fluid Mechanics In Breaking
System

59. Classification of Breaks
Method of actuation
a) Foot brake
b) Hand brake
 Mode of operation
a) Mechanical brakes
b) Hydraulic brakes
c) Air brakes
d) Vaccum brakes
e) Electric brakes

60. Basis on action
a) Front-wheel brakes
b) Rear-wheel brakes
 Breaking contact
a) Internally-expanding brakes
b) Externally-contracting brakes

61. Principals of Fluid Mechanics

62. What is Pascal’s Principle?

63. What is Archimede’s Principle?

64. Hydraulic System
 Fluid should be incompressible
 Power derived from motion

66. MASTER CYLINDER
 converts force into hydraulic pressure
 pressure created displaces
 Acts like a liquid linkage

68. Wheel cylinder

71. BRAKE SHOES
 Two pieces of sheet steel welded together
 Web to the linking table and brake linking
 Holes,slots for return springs

73. BREAK DRUM
 Made by cast iron
 Friction heat can reach 316 C
 The break drum must be:
a) Accurately balanced
b) Sufficiently rigid
c) Resistant against wear
d) Highly head-conductive
e) Lightweight


75. BREAK FLUID
I. Transfer force into pressure
II. Subjected to very high temperature
III. Must have high boiling point
Viscosity
i. Extreme cold
ii. Important in ABS

77. Advantages of hydraulic brakes
 Equal braking action on all wheels
 Increased braking force
 Simple in construction
 Low wear rate of brake linings
 Flexibility of brake linings
 Increased mechanical advantage

78. Disadvantages
 Whole braking system fails due to
leakage of fluid from brake linings
 Presence of air inside the tubings
ruins the whole system

79. Md. Sabbir Reza Khan
ID:

80. WHAT IS HYDRAULIC LIFT?
Hydraulic lift is a device used for carrying
passenger or goods from one floor to another in
heavy objects.

82.  Pascal's law is a principle in fluid mechanics that
states that pressure exerted anywhere in a confined
incompressible fluid is transmitted equally in all
directions throughout the fluid such that the pressure
variations (initial differences) remain the same.
 This law is applied to lifts.

83. TYPES OF HYDRAULIC LIFTS
TYPES
DIRECT ACTING
HYDRAULIC
LIFT
SUSPENDED
HYDRAULIC
LIFT

84. DIRECT ACTING HYDRAULIC LIFT
 When fluid under pressure is forced into the cylinder, the
ram gets a push upward. The platform carries loads or
passengers and moves between the guides.
 In direct acting hydraulic lift, stroke of the ram is equal to
the lift of the cage.

85. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
Components of direct acting
hydraulic lift:
 Fixed cylinder: It is fixed with the wall
of the floor, where the sliding ram
reciprocate when we apply the
pressure.
 Cage: It is fitted on the top of the
sliding ram where the load is placed
(i.e. lifted load).
 Sliding ram: It is fitted in the fixed
cylinder which is reciprocate (upward
or downward direction) when we
applied the pressure (i.e. reaches the
floor wise.)

86. SUSPENDED HYDRAULIC LIFT
WORKING :-
 When fluid under pressure is forced into the cylinder,
the ram gets reciprocate to the movable pulleys.
 Working period of the lift is ratio of the height of lift to
the velocity of lift.
 Idle period of lift is the difference of the total time for
one operation and the working period of the lift.

87. APPLICATIONS OF HYDRAULIC
LIFTS:
1. • Wheel chair lift.
2. • Industrial hydraulic applications.
3.
• Material handling.
• Truck trailers.

88. MODERN INNOVATIONS
 Now days the speed of hydraulic lifts has been
increased enormously.
 By using working oils in hydraulic actuators while
energy recovering operation is performed by the
hydraulic lift device, occurrence of pressure pulsation
in the working oil can be prevented, and energy
recovering efficiency is increased.