ANATOMY

2. GREAT VESSELS
IT INCLUDES:-
A. SVC
B. IVC
C. Aorta— (largest artery
of body)
 Ascending Aorta
 Arch Of Aorta
 Descending Thoracic
Aorta
 Abdominal Aorta
D. PULMONARY TRUNK
RT. &LT. pulmonary
artery

3. Aorta
The main arterial trunk of the
body
Carries oxygenated blood
Starts at the left ventricle

4. ASCENDING AORTA
 It arises from upper end of Lt.
ventricle continues as arch of
aorta at sternal angle
 Has--- 3 aortic sinuses
(dilatation)
1. Anterior aortic sinus--- RCA
2. Rt. Posterior aortic sinus---
non-coronary sinus
3. Lt. posterior aortic sinus----
LCA
 BRANCHES
1)– Rt. Coronary artery
2)– Lt. coronary artery
Applied – aneurysm of ascending
aorta

5. RELATION OF ASCENDING AORTA
ANTERIOR
• Pulmonary trunk
• Infundibulum of Rt. Ventricle
• Pericardium
POSTERIOR
• Transverse sinus of pericardium
• Rt.pulmonary artery
• Rt. Principal bronchus
RIGHT—
• Rt. Atrium & SVC
LEFT---
• Lt. atrium & pulmonary trunk

6. ARCH OF AORTA
 It is the continuation of
ascending aorta at the level of
sternal angle & continues as
descending thoracic aorta
 Runs upwards, backwards and to
left then descends as DTA
 Lies in superior mediastinum
 BRANCHES—
1. Bracheocephalic Artery
2.Left Common Carotid Artery
3.Left Subclavian Artery
 Applied--- coarctation of aorta

7.  It is the continuation of the arch of aorta
 Lies in the posterior mediastinum
 Bigins at lower border of T4 vertebra &
ends at T12 vertebra ( continues as abd.
Aorta)
 BRANCHES---
 A. LATERAL BRACHES-
1. Posterior Intercostal Artery - 3rd-11th
2.Subcostal Artery
3.Superior Phrenic Artery
 B. VISCERAL BRANCHES—
1. Pericardial Branches
2. Mediastinal Branches
3 . Left Bronchial Artery (Two)
4 . Esophageal Branches
Applied– dissecting aneurysm
Descending thoracic aorta

8.  Located in the middle
mediastinum, enclosed in
the pericardium
 Convey deoxygenated
blood to the lungs
Pulmonary trunk

9.  Origin: Base of the right ventricle
 Course: Runs upwards, backwards and
to the left
 Length: 2 inches
 Termination: Divides into right and left
pulmonary arteries.
 Branches:
 Right pulmonary artery
 Left pulmonary artery
Pulmonary trunk

10. Relations:
Anterior: Thoracic wall, Internal
thoracic vessels, Right lung &
pleura
Posterior: Trachea, right vagus, root of
the right lung
Medial: Ascending aorta &
brachiocephalic artery
Lateral: Right phrenic, right lung &
pleura
Superior Vena cava

11.  Lies in the superior mediastinum
 Origin: continuation of the ascending aorta at
the level of the sternal angle (T4)
 Begins posterior to the 2nd right sternocostal
joint
Termination:
 Continues as the descending thoracic
aorta at the level of the sternal angle (T4)
Branches:
 Brachiocephalic trunk
 Left common carotid artery
 Left subclavian artery
Arch of the Aorta

12. Relations:
Anterior and to the left:
• Left phrenic nerve
• Inferior cervical cardiac branch of left Vagus.
• Superior cervical cardiac branch of left sympathetic trunk.
• Left Vagus
• Left superior intercostal vein
• Mediastinal surface of left lung.
Posterior and to the right:
1. Deep cardiac plexus
2. Trachea
3. Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
4. Oesophagus
5. Thoracic duct
6. Vertebral column
Above:
Branches of the arch
Left brachiocephalic vein
Below:
1. Bifurcation of pulm. Trunk
2. Left principal bronchus
3. Ligamentum arteriosum
4. superficial cardiac plexus
5. Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Arch of the Aorta