Aorta

1. AORTA
Dr. Yasmeen
Department of Anatomy
Bahria University Medical and Dental College

4. PARTS OF AORTA
1. Ascending aorta
2. Arch of aorta
3. Descending aorta
4. Abdominal aorta

5. ASCENDING AORTA
• 2” in length.
• Commences at the upper part of left ventricle
(at the lower border of third costal cartilage).
• Goes obliquely upward, forward and to the
right.
• Ends at upper border of 2nd costal cartilage

6. • Has 3 small dilatations at its
commencements called VALSALVA
opposite which are semilunar valve
• Great sinus of the aorta is present at the
junction of ascending and transverse part
of aorta

9. ASCENDING
AORTA
Sternum
RIght Auricular Appendix
Pericardium
left Pleura & Lung
Remains of Thymus Gland
Pulmonary trunk
Lt atrium
Right
pulmonary
artery
Left atrium
Superior vena
cava
Rt atrium

10. BRANCHES OF ASCENDING
AORTA
• Right Coronary artery – arises from anterior
aortic sinus
• Left coronary artery - arises from posterior
aortic sinus

11. ARCH OF AORTA
• Starts at the upper border of 2nd costal cartilage on
the right side.
• Goes upward and backward, from right to left, to
the lower border of 4th vertebra.
• It arches over the root of the left lung.
• The beginning and the end of arch of aorta are at
the same level lower border of 4th vertebra.
• It begins ant and ends post.

13. Aortic isthmus – narrowed area of aorta
between origin of subclavian artery and ductus
arteriosus
Aortic sinus – a fusiform dilatation distal to
ductus arteriosus

14. Arch of
Aorta
Brachiocephalic artery
Left carotid
Left subclavian
Trachea
Deep cardiac plexus
Esophagus
Thoracic duct
Bifurcation of pulmonary
artery
Remains of ductus arteriosus
Left recurrent nerve
Left bronchus
Superficial cardiac plexus
Lung & pleurae
Rmains of thymus
gland
Left phrenic nervv
Sup. Cardiac nerves
Left superior
intercostal vein

16. BRANCHES OF ARCH OF
AORTA
• RIGHT SIDE:
1. Brachiocephalic Artery ( Innominate
Artery ):
arises at the level of upper border of 2nd costal
cartilage
Divides into:
A. Right Common Carotid Artery
B. Right Subclavian Artery

17. BRANCHES OF ARCH OF AORTA

18. • LEFT SIDE:
1. Left Common Carotid Artery
2. Left Subclavian Artery

19. BRACHIOCEOHALIC ARTERY
• Largest branch.
• Arises at the upper border of 2nd right
costal cartilage infront of left carotid.

20. RELATIONS OF
BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERY
• IN FRONT:
1) Sternum
2) Sterno-hyoid & sterno- thyriod muscles
3) Remains of thymus
4) Right inferior thyroid veins

21. • BEHIND:
1) Trachea
• RIGHT SIDE :
1) Right brachiocephalic vein
2) Right vagus nerve
3) Pleura
• LEFT SIDE :
1) Remains of thymus
2) Left carotid artery
3) Left inferior thyroid vein
4) Trachea

22. DESCENDING AORTA
• Thoracic aorta
• Abdominal aorta

23. THORACIC AORTA
• Commences at the lower border of 4th dorsal
vertebra
• Terminates at the aortic opening on the
diaphragm
• It is contained in the back part of the posterior
mediastinum

24. THORACIC
AORTA
Root of left lung
Pericardium
Esophagus
Diaphragm
Pleura
Left lung
Esophagus
Vertebral
column
Superior &
inferior
azygous veins
Esophagus
Azygous vein
Thoracic duct

25. BRANCHES
1) Pericardiac
2) Bronchial
3) Esophageal
4) Posterior mediastinal
5) Intercostal

26. ASSIGNMENT
Study the clinical corelates of
aorta.
Coarctation of the aorta .
Ductus arteriosus,Lig arteriosum
Patent ductus arteriosus.

27. Pulmonary Trunk
• It arises from rt ventricle at upper border of
left third costal carticlage.
• It is enclosed in common sleeve of serous
pericardium with ascending aorta.
• It courses to left and divide into right and left
pulmonary arteries under the concavity of
arch of aorta at the level of sternal angle.

28. • Right pulmonary artery runs behind the
ascending aorta and superior vena cava to
enter the root of right lung
• Left pulmonary artery runs to the left in front
of descending aorta to enter the root of left
lung.

29. • The ligamentum arteriosum is fibrous band
that connects the bifurcation of pulmonary
trunk to the lower concave surface of aortic
arch.