Prep-B2-Workshop

Preparing for a successful B2
certification
Roberto Criollo

The Common European Framework
of Reference for Languages

What is the CEFR?
 It is a guide for the design of
language programs, textbooks, tests,
and other language-related materials.
 It describes in a detailed way what
learners need to learn in order to use
the language for communication and
the knowledge and skills they must
develop to perform effectively

What is the CEFR?
It provides a detailed description of
the various levels of proficiency to
measure learners’ progress at each
stage of the learning process.

The framework answers 2
main questions
• What knowledge,
skills, and attitudes
are neccesary to
become proficiency
in a language?
• What are the
different levels of
mastery of language
proficiency?
Roberto Criollo

Communicative
Competence
Savoir
faireSavoir
Linguistic
competence
Pragmatic
Competence
Strategic
Competence
Phonological
Lexical
Grammatical
Functional
Discourse
Sociolingustic
Intercultural
Communication
Learning
Savoir
être
Savoir
apprendre
•Genre
•Cohesion
•Coherence
•Dialect (social, domain)
•Register (context, intrl)
•Planning
•Compensating
•Monitoring and repair
•Planning
•Executing
•Evaluating
•Sensitivity
•Openness
•Range
•Accuracy
•Fluency (suprasegmentals)
•Accuracy (segmentals)
•Sociopragmatic
•Pragmalinguistic
•Morphology
•Syntax
CONSTRUCT OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE BASED ON THE CEFR

Phonological Competence
Be able to distinguish and produce
the sounds and the suprasegmental
patterns of the language to speak in
an accurate and fluent way.

Lexical Competence
 Knowledge of the vocabulary
related to different communicative
situations.
 Appropriate use of this vocabulary
in a communicative situation
either orally or in writing.

Grammatical Competence
 Knowledge of the morpho-syntactic
patterns necessary to express
various communicative functions.
 Accurate and appropriate use of
such patterns either orally or in
writing.

Pragmatic Competence
 Performance of the communicative
functions in an appropriate way
according to the context and the
interlocutor.
 Effective management of linguistic
resources to achieve communicative
intentions.

Discourse competence
 Ability to produce the types of oral or
written discourse corresponding to the
level: Communicative intentions, rhetorical
structure and appropriate register.
 Mastery of mechanisms for achieving
cohesion and coherence in such discourse
types.
 Appropriate strategies for comprehending
and producing such discourse types.

Intercultural Competence
The ability to understand behavior from
the standpoint of the members of a
culture and to behave and talk in a way
that would be understood by them in the
intended way. It involves understanding
all aspects of a culture, but particularly
the social structure, the values and
beliefs of the people, and the way things
are assumed to be done and said

Strategic Competence
Management of communication and
learning (strategies).

CEFR
Levels
A
Basic user
A1
Breakthrough
A2
Waystage
B
Independent
user
B1
Threshold
And so
on
And so
forth
B2
Vantage
C
Proficient
user
C1
Efective
Operational
Proficiency
C2
Mastery
Common European Framework

A1: Breakthrough
 Can understand and use familiar everyday
expressions and very basic phrases aimed at
the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type.
 Can introduce him/herself and others and
can ask and answer questions about
personal details such as where he/she lives,
people he/she knows and things he/she has.
 Can interact in a simple way provided the
other person talks slowly and clearly and is
prepared to help.

A2: Waystage
 Can understand sentences and frequently
used expressions related to areas of most
immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal
and family information, shopping, local
geography, employment).
 Can communicate in simple and routine tasks
requiring a simple and direct exchange of
information on familiar and routine matters.
 Can describe in simple terms aspects of
his/her background, immediate environment
and matters in areas of immediate need.

B1: Independent User
 Can understand the main points of clear
standard input on familiar matters regularly
encountered in work, school, leisure, etc.
 Can deal with most situations likely to arise
whilst travelling in an area where the language
is spoken.
 Can produce simple connected text on topics
which are familiar or of personal interest.
 Can describe experiences and events, dreams,
hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons
and explanations for opinions and plans.

B2: Vantage
 Can understand the main ideas of complex
text on both concrete and abstract topics.
 Can interact with a degree of fluency and
spontaneity that makes regular interaction
with native speakers quite possible without
strain for either party.
 Can produce clear, detailed text on a wide
range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on
a topical issue giving the advantages and
disadvantages of various options.

C1: Effective Operational
Proficiency
 Can understand a wide range of demanding,
longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning.
 Can express him/herself fluently and
spontaneously without much obvious
searching for expressions. Can use language
flexibly and effectively for social, academic and
professional purposes.
 Can produce clear, well-structured, detailed
text on complex subjects, showing controlled
use of organizational patterns, connectors and
cohesive devices.

C2: Mastery
 Can understand with ease virtually
everything heard or read.
 Can summarize information from different
spoken and written sources,
reconstructing arguments and accounts in
a coherent presentation.
 Can express him/herself spontaneously,
very fluently and precisely, differentiating
finer shades of meaning in complex
situations

Prep-B2-Workshop

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