Logical Presentation Framework

1. Logical Framework Approach

2. Logical Framework Approach
 A logical framework is a tool for objective oriented
planning and managing development projects.
 A Log frame is another name for Logical Framework, a
planning tool consisting of a matrix which provides an
overview of a project’s goal, activities and anticipated
results.
 The logical framework approach (LFA) has been one of the
classic tools of aid management.
 Logical Framework Approach (LFA) is a systematic
planning procedure for complete project cycle
management

3. Logical Framework Approach
 The planners, economists, project managers, and
government officers have faced critical situation during
project formulation, implementation and evaluation.
 To avoid this situation, Logical Framework has originated
and developed for the world countries.

4. Logical Framework Approach
 The LFA was first developed by Practical Concepts
Incorporated in 1969 for the United States Agency for
International Development (USAID) to assist with project
design and appraisal .
 Since then, widely used by international organisations and
international NGOs: notably, GTZ, DFID, NORAD and
WB, ADB, FAO, UNDP etc
 An outcome of using the LFA is the production of a 4X4
matrix (commonly known as the ‘‘logframe’’) which is a
tool for analyzing and presenting project strategies.

5. Logical Framework Approach
A log frame summarizes, in the standard format:
• What the project is going to achieve?
• What activities will be carried out to achieve its
outputs and purpose?
• What resources(inputs) are required?
• What are the potential problems which could be affect
the success of the project?
• How the progress and ultimate success of the project
will be measured and verified?

6. Logical Framework Matrix

7. Logical Framework Approach
• The vertical axis of the matrix presents a hierarchy of
objectives and assumptions (or preconditions) based on
cause-and-effect logic known as the ‘‘vertical logic’’ of the
project.
• The horizontal axis of the matrix defines the means by
which project progress can be verified at each level in the
vertical logic and is known as the ‘‘horizontal logic’’ of the
project.

8. Logical Framework Approach
A Logical Framework consists of a matrix with four columns and
four or more rows. The matrix summarize the key elements of the
project plan including:
 The first column captures the project's hierarchy of objectives.
This is the project’s development pathway or intervention logic.
Although different donors use different terminology, a Log
frame typically summarizes the following in its first column:
• The goal / impacts/ outcomes
• The purpose/ immediate objective
• The outputs
• The activities

9. Logical Framework Approach
 The second column exhibits the Indicators- a quantitative
or qualitative measurement which helps to measure
changes connected to an intervention. In essence “a
description of the project’s objectives in terms of quantity,
quality, target group(s), time and place”
 The third column represents the data source, or means to
verify the indicator.
 Lastly, the final column lists the Assumptions -the
external factors or condition outside of the project’s direct
control that are necessary to ensure the project’s success.

10. Logic Model

11. Logical Framework Approach
 The project goal constitutes the long-term vision for the
project. It is the higher level objective towards which the
project is expected to contribute.
 Project Purpose states the expected outcomes or direct
effects of the project.
 Outputs denotes the services that the beneficiaries will
receive from the project and what the project will be
responsible for delivering.
 Activities/inputs is undertaken by the project in order to
produce outputs

12. Logical Framework Approach(LFA)
12

13. Outcomes
Outputs
Activities
Inputs
Impact
Financial human and material resources
Actions undertaken to transform inputs into outputs
‘Expect to see’
The end products and services; deliverables
from the activities; within team control
‘Want to see’
Immediate effects on clients
Beyond team control but achievable
given necessary conditions
‘Hope to see’
Long-term development
improvements to which
we contribute
The results chain
Based on causality,
attribution and
contribution

14. Sequence
Plan
DOWN
Output
Outcome
Impact
Activities
Check
the
logic
UP

15. Activities
If we carry out these
Check the
logic using
if… then
Then will we deliver
these Outputs?
Start here
Outputs
Outcome
Impact
If we deliver these
Then will we
achieve this Outcome?
If we achieve this
Then will we contribute
to this Impact?

16. Testing Cause and Effect
Link with “IF” and “THEN”
• Survey of livestock marketing infrastructure
• Increased livestock production and marketing by
producers from amongst the most vulnerable
populations
• Improved food security of targeted rural populations
affected by the volatile food prices
• Strengthened capacity of livestock producers to
access markets

17. 1. Survey of livestock marketing infrastructure
3 Increased livestock production and marketing by
producers from amongst the most vulnerable
populations
4 Improved food security of targeted rural populations
affected by the volatile food prices
2 Strengthened capacity of livestock producers to
access markets
Testing Cause and Effect
Link with “IF” …… “THEN”