Demonstrative pronoun & relative pronoun presentation

1. Demostrative Pronouns
&
Relative Pronoun
By Inza Yousaf

2. What demostrative pronouns are?
Demonstrative pronouns identify or point to a thing or
things and occasionally people.

3. Examples of Demonstrative Pronouns
Singular: an object Plural: Two objects
These, Those
Can be
For example
Demonstrative Noun
For example
This, That

4. When to use singular pronouns?
This
Close to the speaker.
For example:
This globe
That
Away from the speaker.
For example: That bird

5. When to use plural nouns?
These
 Close to the speaker.
These cars.
Those
Away from the speaker.
Those airplanes.

6. Other Uses of Demonstrative
Pronouns
To replace a noun
 If it replaces a noun, it is called
a demonstrative pronoun.
 For example:
 This is my
brother. Note:
 Peter is my brother.
 We can use 'this' as a pronoun
to replace the noun ‘Peter'.
To modify a noun:
o If it modifies a noun, it is called a
demonstrative determiner.
o For example:
o I like this film
o Note: 'This' modifies the noun,
'film'. It tells us the film is close to
the speaker.

7. Other Uses of Demonstrative
Pronoun
To introduce people
Hello, This is Peter.
Jair, this is my friend Ana.
To talk about something in the
past
That hambuger was delicious.

8. Let`s practice them
I. Complete. Use That, Those, This, These.
1. turttle is big.
2. flowers are beautiful.
For more practices click on:

9. 2. is a beautiful bird.
3. books are too heavy
4. is my friend, Ali.

10. Summary
This thing or person near you.
That thing or person far from you.
These things or people near by you.
Those Things or people far from you.

11. RELATIVE Pronoun
RELATIVE CLAUSES

12. Relative pronouns are:







Who (whom, whose)
which
that
where
when
why
NOT what!

13. We use who –
which –
for people
for things
 The book is about a girl who runs away
from home.
 Where is the cheese which was in the
fridge?

14. In informal language we can use
that instead of who/which
 The book is about a girl that runs away
from home.
 Where is the cheese that was in the
fridge?

15. In some cases we can leave out
that
 The job (that) he got wasn`t very
interesting.
 A woman (whom/that) my sister knows
has just bought the house next door.

16. We can`t leave out who, which, what
in relative clauses with extra information
that is important
 Dorothy, who does my hair, has just
had a baby.
 I lent him “The Old Man and The
Sea”,which is really easy to read.
 NB! Here we can`t use that.

17. Whose
 We say whose for possession (‘of who’)
 We only use whose after people to refer to
things that are theirs
 I know the boy whose goal is to fold
origami.
 We cannot omit whose!

18. Whom
 Whom is generally used in formal contexts
 Whom is used for direct objects (people)
 To whom am I speaking?
 The person whom you are trying to reach
is not available.
 (Most of the time we would say ‘who,’ not
whom!)

19. Where
 We use where for places
 This is the store where I bought that
dress.

20. When
 We use when for time
 That was the day when I learned my
teacher was an alien.

21. Why
 We use why to explain the reason
 The reason why I did it was because John
was annoying me.
 (Usually, it´s better to just make the
sentence shorter: ¨I did it because John
was annoying me.¨)

22. Appositives (non-defining
relative clauses)
 To give extra information, put a comma
and start a new clause with a relative
pronoun. End with a comma and continue
the sentence.
 John is my friend.
 John is very smart.
 John, who is very smart, is my friend.

23. Appositives (non-defining
relative clauses)
 We use which, when, who, or whose.
 We cannot say that.
 We cannot omit relative pronouns.