AC, Refrigerator, AC Cycle, Applications, Principles, humidity, comfort zone, Installation types, window ac, Split ac

1. Air Conditioning
- MEFC Presentation
Rakesh Kumar (R080114027)
Air Conditioning

2. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Talk Outline
1. What is Air Conditioning?
2. Human Comfort
3. Comfort Zone
4. Installation Types
5. Main Parts
 Condenser
 Compressor
 Evaporator
 Expansion Valve
 Blower
 Chemical Refrigerant
 Montreal Protocol
6. How Does it work?
7. Refrigeration Cycle
8. Complete Cycle
 Window Type
 Split Type
9. Uses

3. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
What is Air Conditioning?
Air conditioning is the process whereby the condition of
air, as defined by its temperature and moisture content,
is changed.
Note that in this practice some more things are taken into account,
such as Cleanliness, Odor, Velocity of air & Distribution pattern.

4. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Human comfort
As we all know, comfort is a very subjective matter. From Statistical
surveys engineers aims to ensure ‘COMFORT’ to most of the people.
Most people (90%) are comfortable when the air temperature is between
18-22°C and the % RH is between 40-65%. This zone can be shown on
the psychrometric chart., and is known as the comfort zone.

5. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Comfort Zone
(Psychrometric Chart)
2218
Temperature ( ˚C )
Air outside is at different conditions
from our comfort zone condition.
In order to bring its condition to
within the comfort zone we may
need to do one or more of the
following :-
heat it; cool it; dehumidify it;
humidify it;
H
u
m
i
d
i
t
y

6. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Installation Types of AC
1. Window AC 2. Split AC

7. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Main Parts
• A condenser
• A compressor
• An evaporator coil
• An expansion valve
• Blower
• A chemical Refrigerant

8. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Condenser
Condenser is used to condense
the refrigerant from vapor to
liquid.

9. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Compressor
The function of the compressor is to
continuously draw the refrigerant
vapor from the evaporator and
compress it to a high pressure.

10. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Evaporator
In evaporator the lower temperature
refrigerant absorbs the heat from the
space to be cooled and the refrigerant
gets evaporated.

11. Air ConditioningAir Conditioning
Expansion Valve
The function of expansion valve is to
meter the proper amount of liquid
refrigerant and reduce the pressure of
liquid refrigerant entering the
evaporator. It has a temperature sensor
connected to it, which helps it in doing
that.

12. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Blower
This is the small motor fan that is fitted
behind the evaporator or cooling coil
inside the assembly of the window air
conditioner system. It’s main work is to
suck and give out air.

13. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Chemical Refrigerant
Desirable properties:
• High latent heat of vaporization -
max cooling
• Non-toxicity (no health hazard)
• Chemical stability (non
flammable/non-explosive)
• Ease of leak detection
• Low cost
• availability
Commonly use FREON (R-22, R-12 etc.)
Refrigerants are fluid which is
circulating in the Refrigeration
Cycle of air conditioner.

14. Montreal protocol- Control Schedule
ozone depleting
substance
developed countries developing countries
CFCs phased out end of
1995
total phase out by
2010
halons phased out end of
1993
total phase out by
2010
HCFCs total phase out by
2020
total phase out by
2040
Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Refrigerants

15. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
High Temperature Reservoir
Low Temperature Reservoir
R
Work Input
Heat Absorbed
Heat Rejected
How does it work ?
Conservation of Energy

16. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Refrigeration cycle
Condenser
Evaporator
High
Pressure
Side
Low
Pressure
Side
Compressor
Expansion
Device
1 2
3
4
16

17. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Low pressure liquid
refrigerant in evaporator
absorbs heat and changes
to a gas
Condenser
Evaporator
High
Pressure
Side
Low
Pressure
Side
Compressor
Expansion
Device
1 2
3
4

18. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
The superheated vapour
enters the compressor
where its pressure is
raised
Condenser
Evaporator
High
Pressure
Side
Low
Pressure
Side
Compressor
Expansion
Device
1 2
3
4

19. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
The high pressure
superheated gas is cooled
in several stages in the
condenser
Condenser
Evaporator
High
Pressure
Side
Low
Pressure
Side
Compressor
Expansion
Device
1 2
3
4

20. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Liquid passes through expansion
device, which reduces its pressure
and controls the flow into the
evaporator
Condenser
Evaporator
High
Pressure
Side
Low
Pressure
Side
Compressor
Expansion
Device
1 2
3
4

21. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Complete Cycle (Window)

22. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Complete Cycle (Split)

23. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning
Uses:-
It is used in-
• Industries
• Cold storage
• In houses
• Cooling of electronic spaces and equipment

24. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning

25. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning

26. Air ConditioningAir ConditioningAir Conditioning