Kidney hormones

1. KIDNEY
HORMONES
PRESENTED BY
Nimisha.K
Semester 2
M.Sc. Biotechnology

2. KIDNEY ANATOMY

4.  Erytropoeitin
 Calcitriol
 Renin

5. ERYTHROPOEITIN
 Glycoprotein
 Mw = 34000 daltons
 Normal plasma levels- 50 U/L
 Regulates erythropoeisis
 Half life in man- 5 hours
 Specific activity – 74000 U/mg protein

6. Sources
 Foetus, neonate – liver
 Adult-
juxta glomerular apparatus of kidney
(85%)
Perivenous hepatocytes (15%)

7. HISTORY
 Paul Carnot & DeFlandre - hormones
regulate the production of red blood cells.
 Eva Bonsdorff and Eeva Jalavisto – named
‘erythropoietin’
 Reissman, and Erslev -demonstrated that
erythropoeitin circulated in the blood -able to
stimulate red blood cell production.

8. STRUCTURE

10. EFFECTS

11. EFFECTS
 Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes

13. REGULATION

14. Other regulatory factors
 Cobalt salt
 Androgens
 Alkalosis
 Catecholamines via β-adrenergic
mechanism

15. Adverse effects
 Cardiovascular complications in patients
with kidney disease
 Retinopathy in premature infants

16. Therapeutic agent produced by rDNA
technology
 against anaemia resulting from kidney
diseases
 AgainstAIDS-drug caused anaemia
 For stroke victims
 Against Mylodisplasia from cancer
treatment

17.  Stimulates angiogenesis- compensates for
blood vessel loss during estrous cycle.

18.  Active form of vitamin D3
 Plasma level concentration- o.o3 μg/L
 Half life- 0.25 days
 Estimated production rate= 1 μg/day

19. SOURCES

20. STRUCTURE

21. BIOSYNTHESIS

22. EFFECTS
 Regulates plasma concentration of calcium and phosphate
 Inhibits the release of calcitonin from parathyroid

24. 3 TARGET SITES
 Intestine
 Bones
 kidney

25.  Bone resorption
 Bone mineralization
 Osteocytic osteolysis

26.  Increases
reabsorption of
calcium and
phosphate in
concert with
parathyroid
hormone

27. Action on intestine
• Increases calcium
permeability at the
brush border
• Induces synthesis of
calcium dependent
ATPase
• Induces synthesis of
calcium binding
protein, CALBINDIN

28. Calcium transport to skeletal
and cardiac muscles
Stimulates differentiation of
keratinocytes and inhibition of
their proliferation
Stimulation of immune cell
differentiation
Regulation of growth and

29. MECHANISM OF ACTION

30. REGULATION

31.  Aspartyl protease
 Glycoprotein
 Mw = 37,326 D
 Secreted by granular cells of juxta
glomerular cells of kidney
 Active renin has plasma half life = 80 min or
less

32. DISCOVERY
 discovery of renin in 1898 -by Robert
Tiegerstedt, Bergman.
 Roth and Reinharz - purified renin in a
stable form.

33. STRUCTURE
 Consists of 2 lobes/
domains
 Active site- in cleft
between 2 lobes

34. SYNTHESIS
 As a large pre-prohormone
PREPRORENIN PRORENIN RENIN

35.  Acts on adrenal cortex to release
aldosterone- which act on kidney to increase
sodium and fluid retention
 Stimulates release of vasopressin
 Stimulates thirst centres of brain
 Facilitates nor-epinephrine release from
sympathetic nerve endings, inhibit
norepinephrine uptake
 Keeps BP steady for long time

41. KIDNEY
HORMONES
ERYTHROPOEITIN CALCITRIOL RENIN
Erythropoeisis
Maintenance of calcium,
phosphate levels
Sodium and fluid
retention