Conceptual framework software

1. Unit 1
Computer Application and Management Information System; NMBA 018 1

2.  Software
 Types of Software
◦ Application Software
◦ System Software
 Compiler
 Assembler
 Interpreter
 Operating System
◦ Functions, Types and Classification
 Elements of GUI based operating system
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 2

3.  part of a computer system that consists of
encoded information or computer
instructions, in contrast to the
physical hardware from which the system is
built
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 3

4.  System Software
 Application Software
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 4

5.  collection of programs designed to operate,
control, and extend the processing
capabilities of the computer itself
 are generally prepared by computer
manufactures
 comprise of programs written in low-level
languages which interact with the hardware at
a very basic level
 serves as the interface between hardware and
the end users
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 5

6.  Operating System,
 Compilers,
 Interpreter,
 Assemblers etc.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 6

7.  Close to system
 Fast in speed
 Difficult to design
 Difficult to understand
 Less interactive
 Smaller in size
 Difficult to manipulate
 Generally written in low-level language
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 7

8.  designed to satisfy a particular need of a
particular environment.
 All software applications prepared in the
computer lab can come under the category of
Application software.
 may consist of a single program, such as a
Microsoft's notepad for writing and editing
simple text
 or may consist of a collection of programs, often
called a software package, which work together
to accomplish a task, such as a spreadsheet
package.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 8

9.  Payroll Software
 Student Record Software
 Inventory Management Software
 Income Tax Software
 Railways Reservation Software
 Microsoft Office Suite Software
 Microsoft Word
 Microsoft Excel
 Microsoft Powerpoint
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 9

10.  Close to user
 Easy to design
 More interactive
 Slow in speed
 Generally written in high-level language
 Easy to understand
 Easy to manipulate and use
 Bigger in size and requires large storage
space
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 10

11.  program which translates an assembly
language program into a machine language
program
 If an assembler which runs on a computer
and produces the machine codes for the
same computer then it is called self
assembler or resident assembler.
 If an assembler that runs on a computer and
produces the machine codes for other
computer then it is called Cross Assembler.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 11

12.  One Pass Assembler
◦ assigns the memory addresses to the variables and
translates the source code into machine code in the
first pass simultaneously.
 Two Pass Assembler
◦ reads the source code twice.
 In the first pass, it reads all the variables and
assigns them memory addresses.
 In the second pass, it reads the source code
and translates the code into object code.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 12

13.  program which translates a high level
language program into a machine language
program
 If a compiler runs on a computer and
produces the machine codes for the same
computer then it is known as a self compiler
or resident compiler.
 If a compiler runs on a computer and
produces the machine codes for other
computer then it is known as a cross
compiler.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 13

14.  Advantages
◦ is more intelligent than an assembler
◦ checks all kinds of limits, ranges, errors etc.
 Disadvantages
◦ More program run time
◦ Occupies a larger part of the memory
◦ Slow speed.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 14

15.  A program which translates statements of a
program into machine code
 translates only one statement of the program
at a time
 reads only one statement of program,
translates it and executes it. Then it reads the
next statement of the program again
translates it and executes it
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 15

16.  A compiler is 5 to 25 times faster than an
interpreter.
 Compiler saves the machine codes
permanently for future reference.
 Interpreter does not save the machine codes
produced
 An interpreter is a small program as
compared to compiler.
 Interpreter occupies less memory space, so it
can be used in a smaller system which has
limited memory space
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 16

17.  A program that acts as an interface between
the user and the computer hardware and
controls the execution of all kinds of
programs.
 performs all the basic tasks like file
management, memory management, process
management, handling input and output, and
controlling peripheral devices such as disk
drives and printers.
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 17

18. Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 18

19.  Memory Management
 Processor Management
 Device Management
 File Management
 Security
 Control over system performance
 Job accounting
 Error detecting aids
 Coordination between other software and
users
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 19

20.  Batch Operating Systems
 Time Sharing Operating System
 Distributed Operating System
 Network Operating System
 Real Time Operating System
Computer Application and
Management Information System;
NMBA 018 20