COUNSELLING TECHNIQUE: VALUES CLARIFICATION

2. VALUES
CLARIFICATION
TECHNIQUES FOR
GROUP
COUNSELING

3. PRESENTED BY :
QURAT UL AIN NAEEM
Department of education, UOK

4. OUTLINE:
INTRODUCTION.
GROUP COUNSELING.
VALUES.
TYPES OF VALUES.
VALUE CLARIFICATION.
VALUES CLARIFICATION TECHNIQUES.
COUNSELOR’S AND CLIENT’S VALUES
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN GROUP CONSELING
AND VALUE CLARIFICATION.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.
CONCLUSION.

5. INTRODUCTION
 Counseling is derived from the word “counsel”
which literally means “to give advice”
 Dictionary meaning of the word “counseling” is
that [it is kind of a] help with personal or
psychological matters usually given by a
professional”
(Encarta Dictionary, 2009)
 Counselor is someone who gives counseling.
 Counselee is the person receiving counseling.

6. GROUP COUNSELING:
 WHAT IS A GROUP?
A collection of individuals who have regular contact and
frequent interaction, mutual influence, common feeling
of camaraderie, and who work together to achieve a
common set of goals.

7. GROUP COUNSELING:
 Group counseling is a form of therapy, which posits that
people benefit from shared experiences. Usually group
counseling is focused on a particular issue.
 For Example: Anger management. While a therapist
usually manages group counseling, contributions from
other members in the group are considered valuable
since all in the group share similar issues.

8. CONT….
 One of the main principals behind group counseling is
the idea that dealing with specific issues may cause
isolation, and a feeling that one is alone in facing one’s
problems. Group counseling attempts to counteract this
isolation by assembling people with similar issues to
enforce that difficulties are not singular to one person.
Additionally, knowing other people with similar troubles
can be comforting to each individual, who may not have
access in their own family and friends to people with the
same problem.

9. VALUES:

10. VALUES:
 Values are the things that you believe are
important in the way you live and work. Values
exert major influence on the behavior of an
individual and serve as broad guidelines in all
situations.
 Examples of values are: success, honesty, belonging
and health, equal rights etc.

11. FAMILY
VALUES
RELIGIOUS
VALUES
SOCIETAL
VALUES
PERSONAL
VALUES
TYPES OF VALUES

12. PERSONAL VALUES :
 Those things you think are important (e.g.
Friendships)

13. SOCIETAL VALUES :
 Those things everyone in general agree are
important.

14. RELIGIOUS VALUES:
 Those values that have an ultimate foundation in the
Islam, Bible or in a particular religious system of beliefs.

15. FAMILY VALUES:
 These are valued in a family and are considered either
good or bad. These derive from the fundamental beliefs
of the parents, who use them to educate their children.
They are the basic principles and guidelines of our initial
behavior in society, and are conveyed through our
behaviors in the family, from the simplest to the most
complex.

16. VALUES CLARIFICATION
Value =
what we believe to be
important
Clarification =
to identify and make clear
what is important

17. VALUES CLARIFICATION :
Values clarification is a technique for
encouraging students to relate their
thoughts and their feelings and thus
enrich their awareness of their own
values.

18. Purpose Of Value Clarification Technique:
 Assist individual become more clear about their values.
 Help students realize that others may hold different
but equally acceptable values.
Central Focus Of Values Clarification:
 Rational thinking
 Emotional awareness
 Examine personal behavior pattern
 Clarify and actualize their values

19. PROCESS OF VALUE CLARIFICATION INVOLVE:
Different forms of questioning
Sentence completion type
A set of activities or exercises
Examples of Values Clarification Exercises:
1) Twenty Things Love To Do:
(Students are asked to write the 20 things in life that they love to do)
2) The Values Grid:
3) Values Voting:
(how many of you are honest all the time?)
(how many of you are in favor of war?)

20. VALUES CLARIFICATION TECHNIQUE :
 Have great potential in-group counseling, it facilitate self-
knowledge and support the clients’ adequate behaviors by
group exercises.
 Allow clients to compare, examine, and bring arguments in
favor of their own values, interest, and behaviors, despite
the rules imposed on them at any time by others.
 Relies on internal cognitive and affective decision making
process.
 This technique allows one to choose one out of the two,
reflect on what is chosen and what is valued by the person

21. IN 1966, RATHS, HARMIN AND SIMON
PROPOSED A THEORY OF VALUES
CLARIFICATION AS:
oCHOOSING (COGNITIVE)
Freely
From alternatives
After thoughtful consideration of each alternative
oPRIZING (AFFECTIVE)
Cherishing, being happy with the choice
Willing to affirm the choice publically
oACTING (BEHAVIORAL)
Doing something with the choice
Repeatedly, in some pattern of life

22. THE COUNSELOR’S AND CLIENT’S
VALUES:
 The counselor understanding the client’s values
support the unraveling of behavior, purposes, and
what is significant in the client’s life.
 The counselor's responsibilities in case of values
clarification techniques are to understand his/her
own values and the way they differ from those of
colleagues and clients;
 Accepting the clients’ right to have different values;
 Giving up the moralizing tone or the tendency to get
involved in actions that Might discourage clients
from examining and meditating on their own values;

23. CONT..
 Avoiding judging clients, and creating a climate of
acceptance and openness that should facilitate
the values clarification techniques.
 Awareness of the impact his or her implicit values
may have on the client.
 If a counselor enters into a discussion of another’s
point of view with the implicit assumption that he
is “right” and the other is “wrong,” failure is
assured.

24. GIBSON and MITCHELL (1981) find similarities
Between the Values Clarification Technique and the
Group Counseling:
GROUP COUNSELING VALUES CLARIFICATION
1. Establishing the relationship: developing a
relation of support that should facilitate
communication by the clients of the reasons
for seeking counseling.
1. Familiarization: creating an atmosphere
of trust, acceptance, and open
communication.
2. Identifying and exploring the clients’
concerns.
2. Developing the self-image
3. Awareness and examination of possible
options for the clients.
3. Awareness of individual values.
4. Decision-making by the clients, on having
Analyzed the alternatives of each option.
4. Assisting individuals to choose between
alternatives and freely affirm their values,
having weighed the consequences
5. Implementing the decision: the aims are
set and the clients move on to action.
5. Supporting individuals in setting aims
and actions according to their values.

25. ADVANTAGES:
 Values clarification techniques favor self-knowledge;
 Allow maximum use of the decision-making good
potential, and a smooth adaptation to the requirements
of daily life;
 Contribute to elaborating personal and professional
projects;
 Help identify the reasons of professional dissatisfaction;
 Determine the causes for low self-motivation and role
conflict (e.g. between profession and family);
 Values clarification techniques are perceived as less
threatening than traditional methods (standardized
tests);
 Clients answer and get involved spontaneously in values
clarification exercises

26. DISADVANTAGES:
Informal values clarification instruments
do not always provide relevant
information;
Identifying with the help of the counselor
some correlation between the Client’s
values, interests, and aptitudes and the
requirements of certain professions takes
much work and time.

27. CONCLUSION:
 Values clarification helps you to get a clear picture
of where you are going, what choices to make,
what friends to have or avoid, what to look for in
relationships and what career to choose and how
to get there.
 Values are closely related to motivation.
Counselors avoid the danger of passing on a
his/her own values on to their clients when
teaching the values clarification program - clients
discover their own values.
“Values clarification helps a person to fulfill his needs and
find true happiness.”