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Developing a New Measure of
Perceived Naturalness
Emma White
Birgitta Gatersleben
Benefits of Naturalness
Stress
Restoration
Directed
Attention
Fatigue
Natural vs Urban Scenes
Gaps in Current Research
 Measurement  Definition  Terminology
 Terminology
wilderness
nature
naturalnessnatural
green space
greenery
perceived naturalness
 Definition
What is it? Ecological vs. Perceptual
Needs to encompass a wide range of ideas:
Perceived
Naturalness
Naturally
Occurring
Human
Absence
Natural
Aesthetic
Natural
Elements
 Measurement
Natural vs. Urban
versus
Laumann, Gärling & Stormark, 2003
Perceived Naturalness
Restoration
Perceived Naturalness
Restoration
 Measurement
Not at all
natural
Completely
natural
Sliding Scale
Lamb & Purcell, 2006
Developing a New Measure of
Perceived Naturalness
Develop list of features which
make a place appear ‘natural’
Participants:
• At least 384 online
• At least 186 paper version
131
253
UK Online Survey
UK Online Survey
“Trees”
“Greenery”
“Grass to lie on”
“Sound of bees”
“Crystal clear water”
Thematic Analysis
“They are all peaceful in their own
way, there are no huge buildings
& usually no crowds of people,
no litter, just nature in all it's glory”
Preliminary Findings
Perceived
Natural
Features
Water
Wildlife
Vegetation
Absence of
Humans
Sensory
Elements
A Hint of Other Interesting Themes…
Colour
A Hint of Other Interesting Themes…
The Power & Scale of Nature
“High, wide skies”
“The scale of the ocean”
“Formed by great energy”
“The way that nature continues to exert its forces despite
man's influence on the planet”
A Hint of Other Interesting Themes…
A real, perhaps dangerous form of nature:
People have to adapt to the environment
No amenities
Uncontrollable
Survival of the fittest
The Next Steps
Complete data collection in UK
Add to & refine themes & subthemes
Collect data in the US…..... are natural features universal?
Natural vs Urban Scenes
Thank You
e.v.white@surrey.ac.uk
To take part in this research visit:
http://ow.ly/zI7p9

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ICAP 2014 Presentation - Copyright Emma White

Editor's Notes

  1. And there’s the idea that nature is not all good – it is real and potentially dangerous, with a lack of amenities and a sense that we can’t control it But whilst I expected that to be a negative thing, some people actually enjoyed that about nature, and it was something that made them feel more restored
  2. So what are the next steps for the research? * Well I need to complete the data collection in the UK and add to and refine those themes, which are very preliminary at the moment And we’ll also be collecting data in the US in an attempt to determine whether these natural features might be universal And hopefully, all this will feed in to the development of items for the new measure of perceived naturalness
  3. And I personally find that quite an exciting prospect, because I think we’re at the right time now to start moving beyond this natural-urban dichotomy, and towards a more continuous, multi-dimensional measure of naturalness…..
  4. …. which is capable of examining environments which sit somewhere between the two And by examining how these environments are perceived and what effect that has on restoration, I think we’ll be in a better position to advise planners and designers on how to create restorative environments that are perceived as being natural
  5. But for now I’ll leave it there. Thank you
  6. But for now I’ll leave it there. Thank you