23. Advantages
1. We can cut all kind of materials
2. No heat produced in process , so no thermal damage
3. Very thin and brittle material can be machined
4. Low initial investment
5. Good Surface Finish
6. Intricate holes can be cut in hard and brittle material
24. Dis-Advantages
1. Low MRR
2. Soft Material cannot be machined
3. Machining accuracy is poor
4. Nozzle Wear Rate is High
5. Abrasive Powder cannot be reused
6. Embedding of Abrasive particle in work piece is the high
damage thing in this process
7. It requires Dust Collection System
33. .
.
Nozzle
Used to Increase the velocity of water jet
Made up of Sintered Diamond, Tungsten Carbide and
Synthetic Sapphire
Nozzle Exit Diameter 0.05 – 0.35mm
Velocity of Water Jet From Nozzle 920 m/s
62. Transducer
convert the high
frequency
electrical energy
into Mechanical
Vibrations
Oscillator convert the
Low frequency electrical
energy into high
frequency electrical
energy
20 – 30 HZ
Vibrations are
transferred to
tool material
Abrasive Slurry
Passed
Between the
vibrating tool
and work piece
The
refrigeration
system used
to cool the
abrasive
slurry to 5 –
6 Degree
celcius
66. MAGNETOSTRICTIVE TRANSDUCER
.
Change in length is independent of
the direction of the magnetic field
But depend only on the
magnitude of the field and
Nature of the material
68. MAGNETOSTRICTIVE TRANSDUCER
LT battery used to
heat the filament
So electrons are
produced
Those electrons
are accelerated
by HT Battery
So AC current
Produced in the
circuit
69. So Rod start
to vibrate
due to
magnetostric
tive effect
This vibrations rod
create Ultrasonic
Waves , which sent out
MAGNETOSTRICTIVE TRANSDUCER
71. Resonance
Frequency of the
oscillatory circuit
Frequency of Vibrating
Rod
=
Resonance will occur when
At resonance , the rod vibrates vigorously and ultrasonic
waves are produced at high frequencies
76. Definition - Piezoelectric
• Piezoelectric transducers are a type of electro
acoustic transducer that convert the electrical
charges produced by some forms of solid
materials into energy.
• The word "piezoelectric" literally means
electricity caused by pressure.
79. Working LT battery used to
heat the filament
So electrons are
produced
Those electrons are
accelerated by HT Battery
So AC current
Produced in the
circuit
This AC current Passes
through L1 and L2 and
its transferred to
Secondary circuit
This AC current passed to the plates A and B and it make the
Crystal to vibrate due to the principle of inverse piezoelectric
effect. The vibrations of crystal creates Ultrasonic waves
81. Advantages – Piezoelectric transducer
Disadvantages – Piezoelectric transducer
1. Piezoelectric quartz is high cost
2. Cutting and shaping of crystal is very complex.
93. Abrasive material
It Depend on
1.The type of material to be machined
2. Requirement of Surface finish
For Machining - Tungsten Carbide
- Die Steel
Boron Carbide
Silicon Carbide
Abrasives
For Machining - Glass
- Ceramics
Aluminium oxide
99. Process Parameters
Wear Ratio
1.5 : 1 For Tungsten Carbide Work Pieces
100 : 1 For Glass Work Pieces
50 : 1 For Quartz Work Pieces
75 : 1 For Ceramics
1 : 1 For Hardened tool steel Work Pieces
107. Specifications
Voltage = 250 V
GAP = 0.005 – 0.05 mm
Temperature = 10000 degree celcius
Spark occur = 10 – 30 micro seconds
Current density = 15 – 500 A