1. Art as Expression Essay
Artists are central to cultural, political and social discourses in the world. They are here not only to inspire us, but to provoke us as well. Four artists
that broke social, political and cultural barriers were, Rene Magritte, John Heartfield Jackson Pollock and Otto Dix. While the artists were involved in
different movements, each one made revolutionary statements with their works. Artists have a responsibility to use their works as a weapon to the
status quo and to break these cultural and social barriers. Rene Magritte and John Heartfield were important figures to the Surrealist movement.
Surrealism was a movement that developed after World War II and as a result, society was requesting art that was of the 'norm' to give the world a
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The viewer is drawn in through curiosity, because to them, this is only a pipe. It is a paradoxical statement that forces the viewer to reassess if
this is a painting of a pipe. When Magritte was asked why he added that inscription, he replied that it is not a pipe and therefore should not lie. He
then said, "If it were a pipe, they should try to fill it with tobacco" (Foster, Volume 1). Magritte was interested in the natural tendency of the mind to
label everything we see and how we lack to find a deeper meaning. Through his paintings of arbitrary every day objects to invoke curiosity, hoping
the viewer will see past the image and find the meaning. He wants to show the viewer that language and the visual can cheat us, even manipulate our
way of thinking.In 1933, Magritte painted "The Human Condition" (Foster, Volume 1).. The painting depicts what appears to be a window, with
curtains and a scenic landscape through the window. As the viewer observes the painting more closely, they see that there are legs of an easel under
the window. The viewer observes that this is a painting of what appears to be outside the window, or is it? We are forced to trust the artist and believe
outside the window is this landscape, when it could really be an urban or rainy scene. Magritte is trying to tell the viewers that they tend to believe the
artist, because they are the artists, when they should ask questions about the representation and interpretation. The
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2. My Experience Of Art
When first assigned to take this class I was excited; I have had a pretty good experience in almost all of my honors classes and then I found out it was
about the arts and immediately knew I was in for it. I am not an artsy person at all, my experience in art was one year in high school in which I
barely got an A and had vowed to never take another art or arts–based class again until this year. Like many other people I enjoy watching movies,
television shows and listening to music, but I don't want to spend hours throughout the week, having to analyze it and sometimes ruining the show
because of delving too deep into it, I prefer to watch it and then move on. Having been in this class for the past five weeks my understanding and
definition of Art has changed, primarily in the media. When you first asked how we define art in one word the first word that came to my mind
was "waste". I don't mean waste in that it should have been burned and banned, but that I didn't see it as something that I should have to take a
class in, I appreciate the arts because it is a tedious job to create a piece of work and go through it being shot down and criticized from all sides, but
I didn't see it as important. I have come to realize that this view was ignorant and was primarily focused on my experiences with art in high school and
boring art museum visits and only relating it to art, drawing, and paintings primarily, instead of the broader approach which would include visual and
music.
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3. The Artist And The Art Essay
The Artist and the Art
The history of art dates back to ancient times. Artwork can be, and was, found around the world. What makes art interesting is that it can be created
in any way, shape or form with any materials. It seems that the artwork can also tell us a lot about the artist. Art seems to be simply, a direct, visual
reflection of the artist's life. Therefore, one can assume that an artist's life experiences and beliefs directly influence their art. If we look at examples
from different periods of art we will be able to see the connection between the artist and the art.
One of the earliest examples of beliefs and tradition affecting art can be seen in Ancient art. The ancient Egyptians had a strong...show more content...
This could be true, but it just shows how life experiences also directly influence the outcome of a piece. If we look at periods closer to the present we
can also see other strong examples of the relevance between art and the artist.
Impressionism began during the 19th century. An example of an artist's beliefs influencing his art can be seen in the works of Pierre Auguste Renoir.
It is documented that he felt that art should be different from the real world, which can be cold and harsh. He said, "Why shouldn't art be pretty?" and
"There are enough unpleasant things in the world." An example of his attitude towards art can be seen in 'A Girl with a Watering Can' from 1876.
This picture can easily be interpreted as being beautiful and therefore it proves that his belief of art is true. 'Dance at Bougival' from 1883, is yet
another example of the artist and the inspiration for the art. By painting an attractive scene with two people dancing accompanied by laughing faces in
the background we see a correlation between his quotes above and this piece. Therefore, one can conclude that Renoir painted mostly beautiful and
attractive art.
Unfortunately, for some artists, the reality of life isn't so beautiful. One of the most talented, yet mentally ill artists of all time was Vincent Van Gogh.
He was also from the 19th century belonging to the post–impressionists. In order for one to analyze the art of
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4. Essay on Cultures Influences on Art
Cultures Influences on Art With changes in culture, come changes in art. Throughout history, artworks have been produced as an imitation of the
culture and society in which they were created. The cultural frame examines the meaning of artworks in relation to the social perspective of the
community from which it grows. A reflection can be seen in Manet's realist artwork of Olympia, and similarly,Umberto Boccioni's Unique forms of
Continuity and Space reflects different beliefs and conventions merely as a result of societal changes. Pop Art works such a Andy Warhol's Marilyn x
100 and Post – modern works, such...show more content...
These particular artists chose to focus their interests on worldly, real, raw and pure subjects. They wished to create simple art, painting exactly
what they saw and how they saw it. Among these artists was Edouard Manet. Manet was known as a rebel for his time most likely because of his
rebellion against Classic and Romantic traditions and his confronting and stirring painting of Olympia. Manet takes Titian's Venus of Urbino as his
model, yet instead of following accepted French art practices of depicting historical, biblical or mythical themes, he paints a woman of his time. The
subject is a real female courtesan lying nude on a bed in a provocative position, with one hand covering her genitalia. He paints in his own manner of
quick, rough, visible brushstrokes and replaces deep perspective with two flat frames. Olympia was a very confronting artwork to society as although
many middle and upper class gentlemen of the time were frequent customers of courtesans and prostitutes, but being confronted by one on a canvas in
a gallery was something different. Manet has broken away from traditional practices of art in the 1860s, and created a unique realist artwork depicting
a common scene.
Dramatic events such as the Industrial Revolution, World Wars, and changes in the social world, influenced new ideas and technology which
revolutionized the way artworks
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5. The late 1950s in Britain Pop art had emerged. The Independent Groups during this time rejected the traditional and old–fashioned art taken place. After
this, Pop art took full effect all over America. In the 1960s early 1970s Pop art became mainstream in America and was the top form of artistic
expression over Abstract Expressionism
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6. My Reflection Of Art
Art has been something that I have always enjoyed. Whether it be actually creating my own pieces or admiring pieces from local artist, it has
been a passion of mine very early on in my life. Now before taking Art 102 I never really attempted to dive in deep to the pieces I was admiring; I
never really "decoded" any of the pieces, really. Instead, I would simply snap a quick photo, add a dark filter that really made the reds stand out, and
write a witty quote. This has been my cycle when walking into any exhibit for the past years; find the most visually appealing work of art and spend
more time on posting the piece on social media than actually interpreting what the artist was trying to portray. Going through the semester I have learned
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Charles Graner and his team are the ones responsible for such actions and are responsible for the photo. When Graner and his team were exposed
by Joe Derby, the entire world took note and there was not only outrage on Graner's part but on Derby as well for betraying his fellow American
military. Copper Greene not only borrows the photo but iPod billboard as well and in a sense does a spin off creating his unique piece with his
own message. The reason why we as individuals are able to make the connection of Greene's piece to Apple's advertisement is because the idea of
signifier and signified. Where in this case the we take the signifier which is the bright loud colors with the a dark figure used in Greene's work and
we translate that to the signified; which is apple products. In short, bright loud colors with dark figure equals apple products. Greene also uses
bricoloage to create a sense of representation as he is using his platform to highlight the real world and those real issues. In this case, that being of
American Military personal using strong forms of interrogation. Looking at the piece closer and decoding what the white headphones truly mean, we
can conclude that those headphones not only serves as electrical wires used for torture but too Americans use those some head phones to shut out the
outside world and any real problems, isolating themselves to their tunes and their own problems. The
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7. Abramovic Performance Art
Performance art is an artistic format that combines the visual with physical. The open–ended medium possesses endless variables and possibilities of
immaterial means of connecting art to the body. In the feminist art movement, performance art provided a bridge that connected women to their bodies.
When relating to the female form, performance art serves a command, rather than an invitation. Artists involved in this movement challenged their roles
in the art world as well as in a society. While the idea of the female form has been a tradition found in classical art, the female nude continued to be
defined and created by men. It wasn't until the performance art movement that women began to fully emerge from their stereotypical submissive image
...show more content...
In this work, Abramovic brushes her hair repeatedly while saying the title repetitively. By stating the standard of female beauty in art, the performance
makes the audience aware of the discriminatory gender roles and creates a feeling of discomfort. While the beginning of the performance is striking,
the continuous act of bushing hair changing from aggressive and violent to calm and poetic, makes the audience unsettled. However, as the
performance continues and the actions continue to weave through different emotions, the piece becomes incredibly profound. The act of saying that the
artist must be beautiful becomes hauntingly human. By repeating this line, Abramovic challenges conventional beauty standards and calls upon
modern female desires to be physically beautiful. Not only does the performance extract from physical appearance, the piece questions whether art must
be beautiful. In performance art, the actions often challenge the performer and bring it to the extreme by putting emotional and physical stress on the
artist's body and mind. Art must be Beautiful, Artist Must be Beautiful puts continuous stress upon the artist's body by reclaiming the figure as the
artists own and exposing the harsh realities of social expectations. Consequently, as an artist, Mariana Abramovic's piece challenges physical beauty and
changes the relationship between the artist and her
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8. The Roaring Twenties was a time of exuberance like none other, where people and America's society focused on self–indulgence and happiness like
never before. The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is the ideal portrayal of this time era. In a time shortly after war, this novel captures the
audience, forcing them to participate in the setting and with the characters. Jay Gatsby, the focal point of this novel, is used as a representation of this
era in American history and as an example of the pursuit of the American Dream. Fitzgerald uses vivid diction that captivates the reader and his
symbolism creates a lasting, universal impression for all who pick up the novel. Throughout the following, I will use Fitzgerald's diction,...show more
content...
Despite the fact that this novel tells the story of a twisted love triangle, it is much more than that. To the reader who analyzes the context, it is quite
obvious that Fitzgerald portrays the decline in the American dream and abandons the pursuit of happiness. Instead of having Jay and the woman he
loves come back together, Fitzgerald writes of a series of events that lead to the suicide of Jay Gatsby. Along with that major theme, the book seeks to
convey that the upper class during the Roaring Twenties was desolate and truly unhappy. Perhaps Fitzgerald was aiming to convey that money cannot
buy true happiness, or perhaps not, that is for the reader to decide for themselves. Overall, Fitzgerald uses vivid diction, symbols, and themes to bring
his opinions and views to life throughout this novel. By using interpretive criticism, a work of art can be brought to life and transformed from subject
matter into content. The Great Gatsby is an excellent example of exactly how subject matter is brought to life through the use of Fitzgerald's literary
devices. On the outside, The Great Gatsby is an eye–opening love story full of betrayal and scandalous actions. However, if the audience digs down
deeper into the literature, this book contains themes and life lessons far more powerful than the love triangle that is obviously displayed. After
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9. My Passion For Art Essay
Art. To me is something undefinable, what I want my art to show you is a piece of myself and a piece of yourself. Something we can all relate to;
a memory, a song, a poem, art should make you feel something. Art is a gift, a tool we can use to hide beauty in ordinary places and things. I want
to broaden my understanding of design and the world that art is beyond my knowledge and experiences. Because my love for creating burns so
bright and deep within me, I am determined to find a career path that will allow me to explore the world of design and art every day. A number of art
forms are endless and this seems like a daunting task to find just one path that can express the enjoyment and involvement I want to have with art.
Throughout my life I have been endlessly drawing, painting, sculpting and creating––often times I feel almost cursed with such talent to create because
the ability seems endless. I have taken a number of art classes exploring my passions as a High School Student and created many different types of
works including oil, acrylic, and watercolor paintings; etching, embossed, and screen printmaking; charcoal, graphite, and pastel drawings; Sculpting
with ceramics and plaster as well as wheel pieces. I find that there is few mediums I have yet to experiment with. I have become accustomed to
Acrylic paintings as I have recently started to create paintings and sell them to community members. I participated in a local art fair and it opened my
eyes to what art
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10. Artistic Expression
Human beings are unique in many ways, having the capability to learn and fine tune various skills and activities. One of the striking features of
humans is the degree of creativity and innovation displayed through our thoughts and actions. Since past century, over one million books, literature,
music, sculptures, and paintings are released each year. With time passing, not only have human activities evolved, but our definition of art has
altered tremendously as well. Generally, the term art is referred to as a skill or mastery. Some say art is the work produced by dexterity and
imagination, while others further elaborate saying, it is an application of creativity typically presented in a visual form. Artistic work has existed almost
as...show more content...
Romance novels deliver the message of love and discuss the excitement and mystery between two people. Contrastingly, a horror novel may ignite
the feelings of fear, disgust, and tragedy in the reader. Through their words, authors are able to emotionally connect to their audience, ultimately
producing a profound piece of art. An artist expresses his emotions and imagination in his artwork, but there is a major challenge that he faces with
delivering his intensions in a clear manner. Some may say abstract art is meaningless, and as a matter of fact, it is not art, for no emotional bonding
is being created. Similarly, some may argue that nonobjective artwork is not art for it does not hold a direct connotation. This is where the humans'
capacity of understanding each other plays a major role. We tend to judge others by using our own experiences as the base. We may find one artist's
work beautiful and the other's ugly due to our altering perspective of beauty. This is why art is defined as an emotional connection between the artist
and his audience, because different people have altering views about identifying emotions. Therefore, if the artist is able to convey some feelings in
his artifacts, it should be considered art. If it were music or literature, receiving the artists' message is easier to the audience when compared to
paintings or sculptures. To make this psychological
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11. Artistic Process Paper
Everyone has different ways of interpreting what their writing and artistic process is. Both of these processes are similar in many ways, but also
different depending on what kind of artist or writer you are. For this paper, I interviewed several different people, some who are great artists, some
who are great writers and some that do not like either. I also examined both of my processes comparing how they are similar and different. There
were a couple questions I asked myself and each person I interviewed so it would be easier to compare each of their processes. The four main
questions were asking if they liked having food or coffee during this process, if the processes were similar or different, and to define the two
processes according to their own definition. Since I am a photographer, I approach my artistic process differently than other artists. I plan on where I
am going to go take pictures, but I do not plan on what I am going to take pictures of. I normally go to abandon houses or places to take pictures. I
take pictures of everything at different angles and try to get a different perspective on the way things are normally...show more content...
She told me she has been painting ever since she was a little girl. She mostly paints landscapes like the the beach, lakes, or mountains. She begins
the process by actually looking at what she is going to be painting so she travels a lot to find different settings. She does not have a rough draft, she
just begins painting on canvas. After she is done, she does touch ups and finishes the painting. I realized as she was telling me that she does not go
through many steps. She told me that she likes to drink coffee during this process because it keeps her focused and awake. When I asked her if the
writing process and artistic are similar and why, she told me that they were because they are both gifts and not everybody is good at
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12. In today's time, it seems like everyone is an artist with their camera phones and social media outlooks. But what is art? It is an expression of human
emotions and creativity. This can be through varied forms such as writings, sculptures, and paintings. Although, not everything is considered art. There
is a defining line between what is art and what is not. For it to be art, it must go through three steps. They are: thought process of the artist's process of
construction, self–evaluation, and critical reception. Which are all art forms within themselves. Art is not merely the end result of hard work, it's also
in the journey.
The thought process is a major step in art which is often overlooked. The thought process is not simply stating that you are going to draw an apple,
then proceed to draw it; it's a feeling or emotion you have beforehand. The artist has to think through the emotion and cannot be spur of the moment.
The artist has their own process in their mind how they will execute the piece of art from start to finish. An example of what would not be considered
art, because it goes against this process, would be "scribbles" by a 22–month old child. The reason being, a child of that age does not have the capacity
to think through their emotions. They see a piece of paper, or sometimes a wall, and scrawl away. Many musical artists, think through their emotions
before writing a song or album that reflects that feeling. They want it to feel real and genuine when it comes
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13. Art Is An Imagination Of Art
Art is an imagination of an artistic, it is an innovational thinking of an artistic. Art can come in many forms such as painting, drawing, music, theater,
and much more. In every usable object that an human being made on this planet, somewhere art is involved in it. In everything there is art for
example like an car we travel, bed we sleep in, even a cell phone is a design. So, every possible object an human being using there is some kind of art
involved in it. Many great artists had some kind of speciality like creative skills, different imagination, they use their imagination in their art to create
something really unique and they described their emotions through art. Art can be used to experience the world around us. Art has been used by
humans since many ages to understand life, emotion communications, and creative ideas to create something objective. Functions of art can be like
communication, it may help us imagine the derine, glorifies the state, celebrates war and conquest. Many great artists like picasso who used visual art
took it to another level, modern sculpture which he actually founded it at that time, he was an important figure in the 20th century and Picasso
considered as the most influential artist of that time. Another great artist like Leonardo da Vinci one the most all round artist who did almost every kind
of art like painting, architect, engineer, sculptor, and he was considered as the Renaissance Man. Music and theater can be seen as a form of art,
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14. Myself As An Artist
I am a artist. A artist is a person who enjoys practicing there creativity though a range of different mediums on different types of canvases, no
matter the skill set of that person. When you hear the word artist you think of a person who draws,and paints every chance they get because they
love the idea of creating something new. But when I think of myself as an artist I don't see that I see a person who loves to paint and draw, well
draw mostly, but only because she is doing it for other reasons like for a grade or something. In my case it is for a grade. Every since I have been
taking an art class i have learned to put my creativity into a piece of art that I have to turn in to a teacher. I no longer fine myself drawing or
scathing in my free time anymore like when I was a little kid. Now I draw because I have to. Even though I do see myself as an artist, I don't feel
like one sometimes. I mean what is the definition of an artist anyway? Is it a person who sits and draws all day because they love it or some one
who is supposed to draw or paint for the fun of it, for the enjoyment that you like to create something beautiful. For instance, I had showed my
cousin some of my art work and she said that I was really good and that I should go to an art school when I'm older but I caught myself thinking that
why did I even create those pieces, would I still have made those pieces if I weren't getting graded for them. When she had said that it brought back
memories of me when I was
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15. My Goal Of Becoming An Artist
Futures I craved in the past were nothing compared to my goal of becoming an artist. It was the dream I never considered to continue into a career
because of stereotypes such as, "Few people make enough money from art to sustain themselves." I have experienced countless lessons in my life,
but this is the most important one I developed on my own. I am excited and exceedingly proud of my journey to find that belief, the way I discovered
it, and what this realization means to me. I believe what you are meant to do in life is what you love most. I have always wanted to be successful, and
the drive that pushes me to constantly give my best effort has not dulled.The careers that I wanted to peruse in the past consisted of being a
veterinarian, a teacher, an astronomer, an entrepreneur, and a lawyer. I had specific reasons for choosing these careers, but like most occupations
that young children choose to pursue, my choices were not what I was truly passionate about. There were also many factors those jobs involved that
would make me unhappy, such as being a vet often requires performing surgery and performing vaccinations. It was also based on what my mindset
was at the time, for example, how I convinced myself that I was destined to be a lawyer for the sole reason that I was a 'gifted argurer,' which was the
equivalent of a moody pre–teen. Throughout the entirety of these phases, I created and progressed in art regularly, and I loved it. Furthermore I had
talent, and to my
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16. Artistic authenticity is a pattern starting with mid nineteenth century French Literature. It stretched out to late nineteenth and early twentieth century
creators. It is the delineation of contemporary life and the general public as it seems to be. Realist creators selected delineation of ordinary and
hackneyed exercises and encounters, rather than a romanticized or comparatively adapted presentation. In authenticity the character is a result of social
components and environment is the vital component in the emotional entanglements. It looks for a balanced relationship in the middle of
representation and the subject. This structure is otherwise called mimesis. Realists are concerned with the impact of their work on the peruser and the
peruser 's life, a down to earth view. Sober mindedness obliges the perusing of the work to have some irrefutable result for the perusers that will prompt
have a finer life for the peruser. Authenticity plans to decipher the facts of any part of life, free from subjective partiality, optimism, or sentimental
shade. It is contrary to concerns of the abnormal, the premise of Romanticism. Stresses the genuine over the awesome. Tries to treat the typical
truthfully and utilized characters from regular life. This accentuation was brought on by societal changes, for example, the repercussions of the Civil
War in the United States and the rise of Darwin 's Theory of Evolution and its impact upon bible based understanding. Authenticity emerged as a
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17. The Influence of Art on Our World Essay
Art is not just a picture on a wall or in a museum, art comes in many forms. It can be a song you just heard, a video you watched, or a painting you
saw in a gallery. Also, art can be just text. All forms of art grasp you in different ways and make your thoughts evolve to new distances. Art can bring
you feelings you did not think you had. You can perceive the art in many ways and the creator wants it to influence you. I believe that yes, at can truly
influence society and inform human behavior. While it may seem to some that pictures, songs, and videos influence you the most, it is actually true
that books are the most influential and informative because they get in touch with your mind and emotions. There are many people in...show more
content...
Reading a book can be so influential to a person's mind. When your read someone's story and hear their own personal thoughts, you get into that
person's mindset and you think about things in a way that has never came to you before. Their words get into your mind and send you this message
and influence you to think of matters in different ways. In the book "Night", written by Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel, he states, "Never shall I forget
those flames which consumed my faith forever." (Pg. 32) Right there is a very vivid statement, it draws out a deep picture that is connected to
someone's spiritual being. Faith is something many of us have, and when you read that, you just formed a connection between you and this person
. Also Elie states, " Never shall I forget those moments in which murdered my God and my soul and turned my dreams to dust. " (pg. 32) Everyone
of us has dreams, and to know that one person just watched their dreams dissappear, is heart breaking. Murdered is a very strong word, but
murdering ones God, that is even worse. What would happen if everything you thought about your God was taken away from you? It would probably
drive you to insanity. Finally Elie says, " Why should I bless his name?" " The Eternal Lord of the Universe, The All–Powerful and Terrible was
silent." " What had I to thank him for? " (pg.31) These statements make us realize that he has lost his faith, his god, his
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18. Art and Aesthetics Essay
Art and Aesthetics Art is usually referred to as the visual arts, where a piece of work is judged through the aesthetics in which it creates. However,
art refers to all human endeavors, including the product of oneГ‚'s creative impulse. In other words, art does not have to be innovative to be good. I
believe art is the communication of an idea, be it visual, musical, communicative or other. Art is the interplay between the conscious and unconscious
part of our being, between what is real and what is an illusion; it is the voice of our soul through color and form in a constant search for connection
with something beyond. I think of art as the bridge between our souls and the physical world. I see art as both an interaction between our...show more
content...
Everybody, one time or the other, will fell as though they have been let down and disappointed by others, including the ones they love. Those
feelings would include loneliness, and the yearn for support and guidance. At many times, we get the support we need, but once in a while; we
would be left alone in the world, having to fend off our miseries by ourselves. That is exactly what I had in mind when I was creating my piece of
art. I wanted the girl to depict a helpless teenager, who is yearning for support because the world has shunned her away completely. This in fact,
removes all the color and vibrancy in her life, leaving her world looking black and white. The reason why the girl in my drawing is looking down
is due to disbelief. She is utterly shocked by how the people that she thought that she could count on have left her to fend for herself. She saw the
dark side of things; the side she thought and wished never existed. I feel that conveying this message is important is because, it would be unhealthy
to bottle up your feelings and emotions inside of you; and since it is difficult to express it in words, it could be best displayed in the form of art. I
tried to make my artwork convey all of these messages, making sure that the morbidity of the piece is highlighted. To achieve this gruesome effect, I
solely used the color black, which emphasized the dark mood and ambiance that comes with this drawing. The color black is usually associated with
darkness and
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19. What Is Artistic Creativity?
Introduction In order to answer the question – what is artistic creativity? – I find it significant to define the words art, creative and creative art. The
meaning of a concept of art has changed dramatically over the past century. Traditionally the term was used to refer to any skill or mastery, a concept
which altered during the Romanic period, when art became to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and
science" (Gombrich 2005). Today, however, the term has become more complicated and problematic. One could argue that anything can be art.
Duchamp displayed a men's urinal in the art exhibition, and that became one of the most famous, as well as controversial pieces of art works in the
world....show more content...
However, if the skill is being used in a common or practical way, people would consider it a craft instead of art. I remember my literature teacher
saying long time ago (about creativity) that if one wants to exceed the limits, one has to learn to work inside the limits first. Making it clearer – if I
wanted to display my unmade bed or Coca–Cola cans as art, I would have to learn art (traditional art/painting) first (I would have to belong to the
'art–world'). One of the best examples to argue about the artistic creativity would be Duchamp's Fountain that rocked the art world in 1917, when it
was refused entry to an art show priding itself as being open to all. Rotated and signed with the pseudonym "R. Mutt 1917" on its upper side, it is not
merely one of Duchamp's ready–mades. It has become a recognizable icon in the history of modern art. In addition to the questions of decency and
social norms, how could such piece of work be considered as creative? It could be seen as plagiarism, a plain piece of plumbing. "Whether Mr. Mutt
made the fountain with his own hands or not has no importance. He CHOSE it. He took an article of life, placed it so that its useful significance
disappeared under the new title and point of view – created a new thought for that object (Art of the 20th century 2006:389, Ramirez 1998:54). This
succinct statement is a brilliant rejoinder to the critics of Mutt and the Fountain. The object
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