Grammar Adverbs & adverbial phrases

1. ADVERBS AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
Formation, Types and Position

2. Formation of adverbsFormation of adverbs
Adverbs are often formed from adjectives by
adding –ly
BUT
There are also many other adverbs which are NOT
formed from adjectives
And which do NOT end in –ly
always, never, just, twice a week
There are also some words in –ly which are NOT
adverbs
friendly, likely, lovely, silly, lonely

3. Angry, Bad, Basic, Careful, Dramatic,
Fast, Good, Healthy, Incredible, Lucky,
Occasional, Probable, Scientific, Slow,
Straight, Terrible, Unfortunate
+ -ly -le→-ly -y→-ily -ic→-ically Irregular

4. Angry, Bad, Basic, Careful, Dramatic,
Fast, Good, Healthy, Incredible, Lucky,
Occasional, Probable, Scientific, Slow,
Straight, Terrible, Unfortunate
+ -ly -le→-ly -y→-ily -ic→-ically Irregular
Badly
Carefully
Occasionally
Slowly
Unfortunately
Probably
Incredibly
Terribly
Angrily
Healthily
Luckily
Basically
Dramatically
Scientifically
Fast
Well
Straight

5. Types of AdverbsTypes of Adverbs
Manner How? well, happily
Place Where? here, there
Time When? now, today
Frequency How often? always, never
Degree How much? extremely
Sentence A comment hopefully

6. Positions of Adverbs
a) Tom has been working.
b) extremely tired
PRECEDING the modified word (adj/adv)
FRONT MIDDLE END

7. Positions of Adverbs
a) Tom has been working.
b) extremely tired
PRECEDING the modified word (adj/adv)
DEGREE
FRONT
SENTENCE
Time!
Frequency!
MIDDLE
FREQUENCY
Manner!
Sentence!
END
MPT

8. 1. I LIKE VERY MUCH CHAT SHOWS AND PHONE-
INS.
2. SOMETIMES THE WEATHER FORECAST IS
COMPLETELY WRONG.
3. HE’S PROBABLY GOT LOST.
4. I RARELY GO TO THE CINEMA NOW I’VE GOT
CABLE TV.
5. I’LL GET IN TOUCH NEXT WEEK WITH HIM.
6. SHE DANCES BRILLIANTLY THE TANGO.
7. FORTUNATELY NOBODY WAS INJURED
SERIOUSLY IN THE ACCIDENT.
8. ALMOST SHE MISSED THE INTERVIEW BECAUSE
HER CAR BROKE DOWN.
9. I JUST CALLED TO SAY I LOVE YOU.
10.SHE EVEN DIDN’T SAY GOODBYE WHEN SHE
LEFT.

9. Using adverbs to make a story
more vivid

10. Make your language more vivid
1. It was raining. A man was walking along the
pavement. He looked round and saw that a
woman was following him.
2. It was raining heavily. A tall middle-aged man
was walking quickly along the wet pavement.
Suddenly he looked round and saw that an
attractive dark-haired woman was following
him.

11. A tortoise / t (r)t s/ was walking along the middle of theˈ ɔː ə
road. It was raining. He wasn’t looking where he was
going and he crashed into a snail which was crossing the
road. The tortoise disappeared into the crowds but the
snail was injured. An ambulance arrived and took him to
hospital, where he was operated on. It was a difficult
operation but it was a success. After three days the snail
felt better and was sitting up in bed reading.
The police came to interview him and showed him
photos of different tortoises to see if he could identify
the one who had hit him. After seeing fifty photos of
identical tortoises, the snail started crying and said,
‘I’m sorry. I can’t remember. Everything happened so
quickly’

12. One day, a tortoise / t (r)t s/ was walkingˈ ɔː ə very
slowly along the middle of the road.
It was raining hard/a lot.
Unfortunately he wasn’t looking where he was
going and suddenly he crashed into a snail
which was slowly crossing the road.
The tortoise disappeared quickly into the
crowds but the snail was seriously injured.
Soon an ambulance arrived and took him to
hospital, where he was operated on
immediately .

13. It was a difficult operation but fortunately it was a
success.
After three days the snail felt much better and was
sitting up in bed reading happily.
The police came to interview him and showed him
photos of different tortoises to see if he could
possibly/correctly identify the one who had hit him.
After seeing fifty photos of identical tortoises, the
snail started crying quietly/sadly and said,
‘I’m terribly sorry. I can’t remember. Everything
happened so quickly’

14. EASILY CONFUSED WORDS

15. • In the last few weeks, recently

16. lately
• In the last few weeks, recently

17. • now

18. At the moment
• now

19. • Not on time, not early

20. late
• Not on time, not early

21. • Making big effort, not easy

22. hard
• Making big effort, not easy

23. • The fact is, to tell the truth

24. actually
• The fact is, to tell the truth

25. • Not far

26. near
• Not far

27. • Almost nothing

28. hardly
• Almost nothing

29. • For a particular reason (goes with adjectives)

30. specially
• For a particular reason (goes with adjectives)

31. • Above all , in particular

32. especially
• Above all, in particular

33. • almost

34. nearly
• almost

35. • Finally (used on its own)

36. In the end
• Finally (used on its own)

37. • The last part of (must be used with a
noun)

38. At the end
• The last part of (must be used with a
noun)

39. SENTENCE ADVERBS

40. 1. I lost my wallet last week, but __________ I
didn’t have any money or credit cards in it at
the time.
• a) luckily
• b) hopefully
• c) generally
• d) unfortunately
luckily

41. 2. I waited ages for the bus; one _____________
came an hour later!
• a) generally
• b) presumably
• c) ideally
• d) eventually
eventually

42. 3. I’ve studied hard, so ___________ I’ll pass the
exam.
• a) originally
• b) hopefully
• c) generally
• d) apparently
hopefully

43. 4. My grandad _________ has a little sleep after
lunch.
• a) eventually
• b) generally
• c) hopefully
• d) originally
generally

44. 5. Have you heard the news? ____________
she’s left her husband for a younger man!
• a) luckily
• b) presumably
• c) potentially
• d) apparently
Apparently,

45. 6. If he’s found guilty he could __________ go to
prison for a very long time.
• a) potentially
• b) originally
• c) eventually
• d) luckily
potentially