1. SOSIOLOGI
micro-objective
micro-
subjective
macro subjective
macro-objective
society, law, nureaucracy,
architecture, technology and
language
patterns of behaviour, action,
and interaction,
perceptions, beliefs, the various facets, of the social
construction of reality.
culture, norms and
values
kajian tentang perhubungan masyarakat besar
(makro) dan di kalangan institut masyarakat
betujuan untuk memahami dan meramal perubahan
masyarakat
2. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION:
PRODUCTS OF HUMAN INTERACTION - COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY
SOCIAL STRUCTURE:
AGENCY:
CULTURE: the power of people
to act purposively and reflectively, in more or less
complex relationships with one
another, to reiterate and remake the world in which they
live,
LANGUAGE: of verbal symbols through which humans
communicate
ideas, feelings, experiences.
STATUS: socially defined niches,
positions
IDENTITY:
VALUES:: preferences - ideas people share about what is
good, bad, desirable,
undesirable. These are usually very general, abstract, cut
across variations in
situations.
VNORMS: concepts and behaviors that constitute the
normal.. Behavioral rules or
standards for social interaction.
ROLE: every status carries a cluster of
expected behaviors, how a person in
that status is expected to think, feel,
as well as expectations about how
they should be treated by others.
GROUP: two or more people regularly
interacting on the basis of shared
expectations of others’ behavior;
interrelated statuses and roles.
INSTITUTIONS: patterns of activity
reproduced across time and space.
Structure refers to the pattern within culture and organization
through which social action takes place; arrangements of roles,
organizations,
institutions, and cultural symbols that are stable over time, often
unnoticed, and a
changing almost invisibly.
INEQUALITY:
both enables and constrains what is possible
in social life. If a building were a society, the foundation, supporting
columns, and beams would be the structure which both constrains
and enables the various kinds and arrangements of spaces and
rooms (roles, organizations, and
institutions).
combines the intimate or personal world with the
collective space of cultural forms
and social relations.
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION: the division of people socio-economically
into layers or strata.
RACE: a human group that defines itself and/or is defined by other
groups as different...by virtue of innate and immutable physical
characteristics.
ETHNICITY: cultural practices and outlooks of a given community of
people
that set them apart from others.
