HUMAN RESOURCES AND PRODUCTIVITY

1. HUMAN RESOURCE AND PRODUCTIVITY
SETYO RIYANTO

2. WORK SIMPLIFICATION CONCEPT
Job easier Cost lower Customer more satisfied
Eliminate unnecessary:
Effort - material - equipment - cost -
accessories - work force - control -
process - operation
Streamline : Organization
Rationalize : Inventory - Manpower - System - Procedures
Minimize : Resources consumption

3. 1. Kejelasan tugas/pekerjaan
(analisis jabatan)
2. Bagaimana pekerjaan tsb dilakukan
(motion study)
3. Bagaimana seharusnya pekerjaan
dilakukan (time study)

4. WORK
STUDY
METHOD STUDY
WORK MEASUREMENT
To simplify the job and develop
more economical methods of
doing it
To determine how long it
should take to carry out

5. ORGANISASI
Kumpulan Kegiatan Kumpulan Orang
JABATAN
Tugas Pokok
Tanggung
Jawab &
Jabatan
KUALIFIKASI
INDIVIDU
Beban Kerja

6. A
B
C
D
Basic Work Content
of operation
Work content added by defects in
design or specification of product
Work content added by inefficient
methods of operation
Ineffective Time due to
shortcomings of the
management
Ineffective Time within
the control of the worker
Total
Ineffective
Time
Total Work
Content
Total Time of
Operation
under existing
Conditions

7. A
B
C
D
Basic Work Content
of operation
Work content added by defects in
design or specification of product
Work content added by inefficient
methods of operation
Ineffective Time due to
shortcomings of the
management
Ineffective Time within
the control of the worker
Total
Ineffective
Time
Total Work
Content
Total Time of
Operation
under existing
Conditions

8. A
B
C
D
Basic Work Content
of operation
Work content added by defects in
design or specification of product
Work content added by inefficient
methods of operation
Ineffective Time due to
shortcomings of the
management
Ineffective Time within
the control of the worker
Total
Ineffective
Time
Total Work
Content
Total Time of
Operation
under existing
Conditions

9. A
B
C
D
Basic Work Content
of operation
Work content added by defects in
design or specification of product
Work content added by inefficient
methods of operation
Ineffective Time due to
shortcomings of the
management
Ineffective Time within
the control of the worker
Total
Ineffective
Time
Total Work
Content
Total Time of
Operation
under existing
Conditions

10. STRUK
TUR
JABATAN
IDENTITAS
JABATAN
1. Atribut
Jabatan
2. Output
Jabatan
DESKRIPSI
JABATAN
1. Tugas
2. Tg Jawab
3. Kewenangan
PERSYA-
RATAN
KOMPE
TENSI
JABATAN
KOMPETENSI
INDIVIDUAL
KINERJA
HARAPAN/
STANDAR
PENGU-
KURAN
PRESTASI
KERJA
NILAI
KINERJA
INDIVIDU
SISTEM
PENG-
GAJIAN
ANALISIS
BEBAN
KERJA
EVALUASI
JABATAN
NILAI
JABATAN
STRUKTUR
ORGANI
SASI

11. METODA PENGUKURAN
PERUSAHAAN
JABATAN-JABATAN
Manajerial Keahlian Pelaksana
Struktur
organisasi
Jumlah jabatan dan
Pejabat manajerial
Diary
Sampling
BK_1
Jumlah
Ahli_1
Ahli_1 Ahli_n
Jumlah
Ahli_n
Pel_1 Pel_n
BK_1 BK_n
Jumlah
Pel_1
Jumlah
Pel_n
BK_n
Diary
Sampling
Or
Observer
Sampling

12. • Attitudes and Motivation
• Rewards
• Skills and Training
• Selection and Placement
• Supervisory Style
• Planning
• Policies/Regulations
• Capacity Management
• Job Design
• Material Use
• Quality Consciousness
• Organization Design
• Goals
• Formality and Processes
• Organization Culture
• Capital Investments
• Level of Automation
• Research and Development
• Product/Service Design
• Process Technology Design
• Demographic and Cultural
• Government Regulations
• Business Competition
• Financial Conditions
• Unions and Labor
Human Resource Factors
Management Factors
Task Factors
Design Factors
Technology Factors
External Factors
Productivity
Gambar : The Productivity Paradigm (Stonebraker, 1994:454)

13. Total factor productivity
Gambar : Productivity Measures in Manufacturing and Service Activities (Stonebraker, 1994:439)
Productivity index
Labor efficiency
Quality yield
Safety - lost time
Delivery - shipments
Inventory turns
Service application processing
Service response efficiency
facility utilization
Facility occupancy
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Output
=
management + labor + capital + materials
productivity for a specified period
productivity for base period
total units produced
total labor hours
total unit produced - rejected units
total units produced
productive time lost due to accidents
total productive time
shipments on schedule
total shipments
cost of sales/period
average inventory investment/period
number of applications processed correctly
staffs hours
responses within specified time
total number of responses
total hours of facility used
average seats occupied/period
total hours of facility available
total available seats

14. 1
3
4
7
25
6
8
9 10
11
12
20
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
33
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
23
22
21
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG
MEMPENGARUHI
PRODUKTIVITAS
Robert A. Sutermeister, People
and Productivity, 1976.

15. 1. Productivity (Produktivitas)
2. Technological Development, Raw materials, Job Lay Out, Methods (pengembangan teknologi, bahan mentah, tata letak
pekerjaan, metode-metode)
3. Employee Job Performance (hasil pekerjaan para pekerja)
4. Ability (Kemampuan)
5. Education, Experience, Training, Interest, Knowledge (pendidikan, pengalaman, latihan, minat, pengetahuan)
6. Aptitude, Personality, Skill (bakat, kepribadian dan ketrampilan)
7. Motivation (motivasi)
8. Lighting, Temperature, Ventilation, rest Periods, safety, Music, Physical Conditions (penerangan, suhu, ventilasi, periode
istirahat, musik, kondisi-kondisi fisik lainnya)
9. Individual’s needs, physiological, Social, Egoistic (kebutuhan-kebutuhan individual, fisiologis, sosial dan egoistik)
10. On Job and Off Job Activities, Perception of Situation, Level of Aspiration, Reference Group, Male-female, Cultural
background, Education, Experience (aktivitas di dalam dan di luar pekerjaan, persepsi tentang situasi, tingkat aspirasi,
kelompok referensi, pria-wanita, latar belakang budaya, pendidikan, pengalaman)
11. Point In Time, General Economic Conditions, Individual Personal Condition (waktu/saat tertentu, kondisi ekonomi
umumnya, situasi individu yang bersifat pribadi)
12. Social Conditions (kondisi-kondisi sosial)
13. Formal Organization (organisasi formal)
14. Organizational Structure (struktur organisasi)
15. Leadership Climate (iklim kepemimpinan)
16. Organizational Efficiency (efisiensi organisasi)
17. Personel Policies, Job Content, Selection, Placement, Introduction to Job, Standard Wage/Salary Level, Incentives, Job
Evaluation, Performance Rating, Training (kebijakan-kebijakan personalia, isi pekerjaan/jabatan, seleksi, penempatan,
pengenalan pekerjaan, stabdar tingkat upah/gaji, insentif, evaluasi pekerjaan, penilaian hasil pekerjaan, latihan)
18. Communication (komunikasi)
19. Specific Environment of Company of Plant Time (lingkungan spesifik perusahaan)
20. Informal Organization or Groups (organisasi informal atau kelompok-kelompok)
21. Size (ukuran)
22. Cohesiveness (kebersamaan)
23. Goals (tujuan-tujuan)
24. Leaders (pemimpin-pemimpin)
25. Relationship with Superior (hubungan dengan atasan)
26. Planning Skill and technical Knowledge (ketrampilan dalam bidang perencanaan dan pengetauan teknik)
27. Type of Leadership (jenis kepemimpinan)
28. Laissez-Faire (kebebasan)
29. Autocratic: Close Supervision, Production Centered (otokratis: supervisi ketat dan menitik beratkan kepada produksi)
30. Democratic: general Supervision, Employee Centered (demokratis: supervisi secara umum dan menitik beratkan pada
karyawan)
31. Participation (partisipasi)
32. Combination (kombinasi)

17. WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE
MONTIR MOBIL
MEMPERBAIKI
SISTEM REM
MEMPERBAIKI
SISTEM SUSPENSI
MEMPERBAIKI
MESIN
MEMPERBAIKI
DISTRIBUTOR
MEMPERBAIKI
SISTEM KELISTRIKAN
MEMPERBAIKI
KARBURATOR
MEMPERBAIKI
………..
MEMERIKSA MELEPAS MEMBONGKAR MENGGANTI MEMASANG
• MELEPAS SARINGAN HAWA
• MELEPAS HANDEL GAS/CHOKE
• MELEPAS PIPA BAHAN BAKAR
• MELEPAS HUBUNGAN KE MANIFOLD
• MENGANGKAT KARBURATOR
JOB
DUTY
TASK
ELEMENT
STEP

19. MANFAAT INFORMASI BEBAN KERJA
1. Bagi Perusahaan :
 Alat Perencanaan Kebutuhan Pegawai :
 Prediksi kebutuhan pegawai ke depan
 Hindari Konflik manajemen dengan unit kerja
 Tingkat efisiensi dan efektivitas pegawai :
 Sistem imbalan
 Penilaian prestasi
 Pengembangan SDM
 Nilai Jual sebagai calon perusahaan publik
 Kebijakan re-alokasi penugasan dan wewenang
pegawai dan jabatan

20. 2. BAGI PEGAWAI
 Menumbuhkan sikap kerja produktif dan
profesional
 Sejajar dengan pegawai-pegawai perusahaan
maju lain
 Suatu tahapan peningkatan kesejahteraan
pegawai
 Kesempatan untuk mengembangkan potensi
diri pegawai

21. Teaching
(e.g. prepares
and presents
lecture material
to class)
Research
(e.g. prepares
research reports
for publication in
academic
journals)
Advising
(e.g. gives career
counseling advice
to students)
Consulting
(e.g. Performs
work for external
organizations)
Service
(e.g. Serves on
departmental
committees as
needed)
JOB TASKS FOR A UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR’S JOB