The document discusses bacterial toxins produced by living cells. It defines toxins and describes their ability to cause disease upon absorption by the body through interacting with biological molecules. It notes that virulent bacterial strains produce toxins while non-virulent strains do not. The types of bacterial toxins are defined as exotoxins, which are secreted, and endotoxins, which are part of the bacterial membrane. Mechanisms of action include damaging cellular membranes or inhibiting protein synthesis. Important bacterial toxins and their causative agents are listed.

1. •Presented By-
• Nitin mahal (19-M-AB-11)
• Lasuki pde (19-M-AB-12)
• Pushpa devi (19-M-FQ-03)
• Lakshmaiah (19-M-DM-12)
•(NDRI)
Bacterial toxins

2. Bacterial toxin
Toxins - A Poisonous substance produce by living cells.
A small molecule, peptide or protein that are capable of causing disease or
contact with the absorption by body tissue, Intracting with biological
molecules ( enzyme cellular receptors)
- Usually virulent strains of bacterium produce toxin while non virulent
strains not.
- Serverity may be minor and acute to almost immediately deadly. ( as in
Botulism)
Toxigensis - The ability of bacterial pathogens to produce toxin and disease.

3. Types of Bacterial toxin
1. Exotoxins = It is generated by bacteria and actively secrted
2. Endotoxins= It is a part of bacteria itself ( bacterial outer
membrane) and it is not released until the bacteria is killed by
immune system

19. Mechanism of bacterial toxin
Mechanisms for bacterial toxin action include
(a). damage to cellular membranes and
(b). inhibition of protein synthesis .
Damage to cellular membranes, such as by Staphylococcus aureus or
Clostridium perfringens α toxin, functions by assembling a heptomeric
prepore complex on target membranes that undergoes conformational
change to disrupt membrane permeability and affect influx and efflux of
ions.
Inhibition of protein synthesis, as exemplified by Shigella dysenteriae Shiga
toxin, Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin I, and cholera and pertussis toxins,
which work as substrates for elongation factors and ribosomal RNA.

20. Important Bacterial Toxins and Their Mechanism of
Action

21. Toxins and their Causitive agent.

34. Conditions of Toxins production
1. Temperature effect
2. pH effect
3. Deficiency in Nutrients
4.