Seminar topic on holography, they are used for final year student or 3rd year student to get selection of topic on seminar and explain in front of collage students

1. Word Origin
 Hologram is from the Greek word holos,
meaning whole and gramma meaning
message.

2. Hologram History
 Theory Developed in 1947 by
British/Hungarian scientist Dennis Gabor
 Developed because he was trying to improve
the resolution of electron microscopes
 Development in this field was stifled during
the 1950’s because light sources were not
coherent

3. History Continued
 In 1962 Emmett Leith and Juris
Upatnieks realized that holography
could be used as a 3-D visual medium
 From their work, they used a laser to
create the first hologram in history, that
of a toy train and bird
 This type of hologram required laser
light to be viewed, though.

4. What is Holographic Memory ?
• It is a memory that can store information
in form of holographic image.
• It is a technique that can store
information at high density inside crystals
or photopolymers.
• It provides data to be written beneath the
surface of the disc.
• Holographic memory can store up to 1 Tb
in a storage medium the size of a sugar
cube crystal.

5. White Light and High Speed
Objects
 In 1962 Dr. Uri Denisyuk of the former
U.S.S.R. developed a white light
reflection hologram, which could be
viewed in light from a normal
incandescent bulb.
 In 1960, with the invention of the
pulsed-ruby laser, holograms of high
speed objects was made possible

6. Pulsed-Laser Holography
 Laser system emits a very powerful
burst of light that lasts only a few
nanoseconds, which effectively freezes
movement
 Enables a hologram to be made of a
human
 The first hologram of a person was
made in 1967

8. Dr. Dennis Gabor
 18” x 24” portrait
 Recorded in 1971
 Paved the way for
pulsed holographic
portraiture
 Portrait commemorated
Gabor winning the
Nobel Prize that year

9. Dr. Stephen A. Benton
 Dr. Stephen A. Benton invented white-light
transmission holography in 1968.
 This type of hologram can be viewed in
ordinary white light creating a rainbow image
from the seven colors making up white light.
 His work made possible the mass production
of holograms using an embossing technique.

10. How Holograms are Made
 Need a laser, lenses, mirror,
photographic film, and an object
 The laser light is separated into two
beams, reference beam and object
beam
 Reference beam enlarged and aimed at
a piece of holographic film

11. Making Holograms
 Object beam directed at subject to be
recorded and expanded to illuminate
subject
 Object beam reflects off of object and
meets reference beam at film
 Produces interference pattern which is
recorded

12. Making Holograms Cont.
 Film is developed
 Hologram illuminated at same angle as
reference beam during original
exposure to reveal holographic image

13. Continues..

15. Creating Holograms

16. Properties of Hologram
• A block or sheet of photosensitive material
which records the diffraction of two light
sources.
• A laser beam is splatted into two beams:
 Source beam
 Reference beam
• The two beams diffracts to form the image on
the recording medium

17. Physical Concepts
 Lloyd’s Mirror
 Reflection
 Light Wave Interference and Diffraction

18. Applications of Holography
 Design of containers
to hold nuclear
materials
 Credit cards carry
monetary value
 Supermarket
scanners
 Optical Computers
 Improve design of
aircraft wings and
turbine blades
 Used in aircraft
“heads-up display”
 Art
 Archival Recording
of fragile museum
artifacts

19. Holography in the Future
 Medical Purposes
 Gaming Systems
 Personal Defense
 Computers
 Artwork
 Amusement Park Rides

20. Conclusion
• Built on technology that’s around for 40+ years
• Holographic Memory is the future of data storage
o HUGE capacity, Very fast, Smaller
o Parallel processing
• Current storage methods nearing there fundamental
limits of storage density
• Large market and little new competition