Genetic variability and heritability studies in introgressed F6 progenies from

Volume IV, Issue XII , April 2015 Multilogic in Science ISSN 2277-7601
An International Refereed, Peer reviewed & Indexed Quarterly Journal
www.ycjournal.net GIF 0.845 JIF 1.137 NAAS 3.45 222
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY STUDIES IN INTROGRESSED F6 PROGENIES FROM
INTERSPECIFIC CROSS OF (G. ARBOREUM X G. ANOMALUM) X G. BARBADENSE.
Parde N. S.1
Zate D.K.2
, , Bhalerao G.A.3
, and Mehetre S. S.4
1
Department of Agricultural Botany, Mahatma PhuleKrishiVidyapeet
, Rahuri-413 722,District: Ahmednagar, Maharashtra State, India.
2
Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture, Golegaon, VNMKV,
Parbhani-431705, District:Hingoli, Maharashtra State, India.
3
Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture, Golegaon, VNMKV, Parbhani-431705,
District: Hingoli, Maharashtra State, India.
4
Retired Director of Research, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413 722, District:
Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, State, India.
(Received : 22.02.15; Revised : 23.03.2015; Accepted : 24.03.2015)
(RESEARCH PAPER IN AGRICULTURAL BOTANY,)
Abstract
: Genetic variability and heritability were studied in 41 diverse F6 progenies of interspecific cross of cotton, evaluated
during Kharif 2009-2010 at all India Co-ordinated Research Programme on summer cotton, MPKV Rahuri. The study
revealed highly significant differences for all the characters studied, indicating the presence of substantial genetic
variability. PCV estimates were magnitudinally greater than GCV for twelve characters in F6 generations, revealing
the role of environment in phenotypic expression of these traits. It is always better to consider PCV and GCV together
with heritability. The character seed cotton yield per plant recorded highest magnitude of PCV and GCV suggesting
the presence of good amount of variability for this trait. In the studies on magnitudinal difference between PCV and
GCV, it was observed that the magnitudinal difference between PCV and GCV was very high for the traits viz.,
average boll weight followed by days to first flowering and locular damage indicating role of environment in the
expression of these traits. High heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded in seed cotton yield
per plant followed by locular damage, plant spread, plant height and lint index, suggested existence of additive gene
action and selection will be effective for improvement of these characters. The characters viz., days to first flowering,
days to 50% flowering, days to boll bursting and average boll weight recorded medium heritability coupled with low
genetic advance. This suggested the presence of non-additive genetic variation for expression of these traits and
heterosis breeding will be effective for these traits.
Key words- Genetic variability, F6 progenies, phenotypic expression, effective.
Introduction:
Cotton, the ‘White Gold’ and ‘King of fibre crops’
enjoys a pre-eminent status among all the cash crops in
the country and elsewhere by providing principle raw
material, cotton for textile industry. Diploid cottons
belonging to G. herbaceum and G. arboreum were
cultivated on 90 per cent of the total cotton cultivated
area before independence. But today their cultivation
is restricted to 27 per cent only (Singh and Narayanan,
1991). Herbaceum cottons have wider adaptability and
higher degree of resistance to biotic (insect and
disease) and abiotic (drought and windstorm) stresses
(Patel and Mehta, 1989 and 1990). Wild species of
cotton which form the bulk of the genus Gossypium
are the source of genes for resistance to pests and
diseases, with good fibre properties. As G. anomalum
is known to contribute high fibre strength, there is
need to transfer this trait to cultivated species to meet
textile needs. If the fertile derivatives are recovered
from crosses between cultivated cotton and G.
anomalum, having normal seed setting, they will be a
valuable source of exceptional good qualities like
strength, luster and smooth silky feel.
Attempt were made (Mehetre et. al., 2002a) to transfer
some of the useful character of G. anomalum to
cultivated cottons, through interspecific crosses and
hexaploids of G. hirsutum X G. anomalum F1 hybrids
have been reported (Mehetre et. al., 2003). Information
about the nature and extent genetic variability present
in the germplasm and association of various
morphological and quality characters is essential in
planning successful breeding programme. In any crop
plant yield is the sum total effect of several yield
component characters, which are governed by large
number of genes and also by environment. For a
rational approach towards the improvement of seed
cotton yield, selection has to be made for the
components of yield. In India, cultivated species, wild
species and primitive forms have been collected and
conserved for use in cotton improvement. They share
enormous variability for different morphological and
economic traits for exploitation in breeding
programme (Narayanan et al., 1997).
Yield is a complex character controlled by a large
number of related characters and their interaction. It is
also influenced to a great extent by the environment.
Multivariate analysis provides important information
on the extent of variation present in the germplasm.
Selection of parents or lines on the basis of individual
characters may not be as fruitful as the one based on a
number of important components simultaneously,

especially if we can aim to seek improvement in
complex quantitative trait such as yield.
Material and methods:
The materials for present investigation were
consisted of F6 generation of three ways cross (G.
arboreum × G. anomalum) × G. barbadense. The
parental material was selected from species garden
maintained at Cotton Improvement Project, M.P.K.V.,
Rahuri. The experimental seed material was already
generated by (Mehetre et al., 2004 b) at All India Co-
ordinated Cotton Improvement Project (AICCIP),
Rahuri.
Suitable populations of F6 were developed from the
seeds of single selfed F5 plant. The experimental
material comprised of 41 F6 progenies along with 6
checks. The experiment was conducted in Randomized
Block Design with three replications during summer,
2009 at Rahuri. Each plot consists of single row of 7.2
mt in length with spacing of 90 cm between rows and
60 cm between plants within rows for introgressed
progenies, 90 cm between rows and 90.0 cm between
plants within rows for intra hirsutum hybrids and 120
cm between rows and 120 cm between plants within
rows for inter specific hybrids, with recommended
agronomic practises. The randomization was done
irrespective of spacing. The border row of maize along
with cowpea was grown from all sides of plot which
can be used as a trap crop.The data were recorded to
five randomly selected plants from each replication for
character likeDays to first flowering (no.), Days to
50% flowering(no.), Days to boll brusting (no.), Days
to maturity (no.), Plant height (cm), Plant spread/plant
(cm), Average boll weight (g), Seed index (g), Lint
index (g), Ginning per cent, Seed cotton yield per plant
(g), Locular damage (%), Jassids/aphids/thrips/white
fly incidence (no./leaves/grate). The analysis of
variance was done as suggested by Panse and
Sukhatme (1985).The phenotypic and genotypic
variances were calculated by utilizing the respective
mean square values given by Johnson et al.,
(1955).The genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of
variation (GCV and PCV respectively) were calculated
by the following formula given by Burton and Devane
(1953).Heritability percentage in broad sense was
estimated for various characters as per the formula
suggested by Hanson et al. (1956).Genetic advance
was calculated in per cent by the formula suggested by
Johnson et al., (1955).
Result And Discussion:
The analysis of variance for various characters in
F6 generation (Table 1), revealed that the mean sum of
square due to treatments were highly significant for all
characters. Similar results were recorded by Katore
(2009) and Basavaraddi and Katageri (2011).
Looking to GCV and PCV estimates of variability,
it was observed that PCV estimates were
magnitudinally greater than GCV for twelve characters
viz., days to first flowering (no.), days to 50%
flowering (no.), days to boll brusting (no.), days to
maturity (no.), plant height (cm), plant spread/plant
(cm), average boll weight (g), seed index (g), lint
index (g), ginning per cent, locular damage (%), seed
cotton yield per plant (g) in F6 generations, revealing
the role of environment in phenotypic expression of
these traits. This also suggested the fact that in
variability studies one should not rely upon phenotypes
alone. It is always better to consider PCV and GCV
together with heritability.
The magnitude of PCV was higher for seed cotton
yield per plant (26.17) followed by locular damage
(22.53) and average boll weight (19.38), while the
magnitude of PCV was medium for plant spread
(15.84) followed by lint index (14.62), plant height
(13.28) and seed index (10.28) and magnitude of PCV
was low for days to maturity (7.19) and ginning
percentage (8.48). The magnitude of GCV was highest
for seed cotton yield per plant (23.26) followed by
locular damage (19.34). The magnitude of GCV was
medium for plant spread (14.08) followed by plant
height (12.57), average boll weight (12.10) and lint
index (12.00). While the days to boll bursting (2.37),
days to maturity (2.46), days to 50% flowering (3.45),
days to first flowering (4.02) and ginning percentage
(7.16) recorded the lowest GCV estimates. (Table 2).
The character seed cotton yield per plant recorded
highest magnitude of PCV and GCV followed by
locular damage and average boll weight suggesting the
presence of good amount of variability for these traits.
Similar results were reported by Verma et al. (1987),
Meheta et al. (1988) and Kapoor and Kaushik (2003).
The PCV and GCV estimates were of moderate
magnitude for plant spread, plant height and lint index
while it was very low in case of days to maturity, days
to boll bursting and days to 50% flowering, suggesting
narrow range of variation for these characters. The
results are in accordance with those obtained by Bodar
et al. (1990), Krishnadoss and Vanasundaram (1993),
Kapoor and Kaushik (2003). In the studies on
magnitudinal difference between PCV and GCV, it
was observed that the magnitudinal difference between
PCV and GCV was very high for the traits viz.,
average boll weight followed by days to first flowering
and locular damage indicating role of environment in
the expression of these traits. The magnitudinal
difference between PCV and GCV for days to
maturity, ginning percentage, plant height and plant
spread were low, suggesting a little role of
environment in the expression of these traits. Similar
results were reported by Rajendra kumar et al. (2000),
Kapoor and Kaushik (2003), Gitte et al. (2007).
Heritability is the resemblance between parents
and their progeny (Falconer, 1960) while, genetic

advance provides knowledge about expected genetic
gain for particular trait after selection. In general in
self pollinated crops characters with high heritability
posses genetic advance of higher magnitude but
phenotypic variation in the population is low, genetic
advance is also tends to be low and vice versa. This
indicated the importance of variation and heritability in
breeding programme.
High heritability was observed for plant height
(89.58) followed by days to maturity (84.63), seed
cotton yield per plant (78.99) and plant spread (78.92).
The medium magnitude of heritability was observed
for locular damage (73.74), seed index (73.08) and
ginning percentage (71.17). While the low magnitude
of heritability was observed for days to boll bursting
(22.03), days to 50% flowering (30.42), days to first
flowering (31.22) and average boll weight (38.96).
(Table 3). The seed cotton yield per plant recorded
highest genetic advance (26.36) followed by plant
height (25.26) and plant spread (18.61). However
average boll weight gave lowest genetic advance
(0.50) followed by lint index (1.23), seed index (1.33),
days to boll bursting (2.64) and days to first flowering
(3.01). The highest heritability and genetic advance as
per cent of mean was recorded in seed cotton yield per
plant followed by locular damage, plant spread, plant
height and lint index, while, it was found moderate in
seed index and average boll weight. Characters, days
to boll bursting, days to 50% flowering, days to first
flowering and days to maturity recorded lowest
heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean.
(Table 3)
The high heritability and genetic advance as per cent
of mean was recorded in seed cotton yield per plant
followed by locular damage, plant spread, plant height
and lint index, suggested existence of additive gene
action and selection will be effective for improvement
of these characters. Similar results were recorded by
Kapoor and Kaushik (2003), Sakthi et al. (2007), for
plant height, yield, boll number and boll weight. The
characters viz., days to first flowering, days to 50%
flowering, days to boll bursting and average boll
weight recorded medium heritability coupled with low
genetic advance. This suggested the presence of non-
additive genetic variation for expression of these traits.
The results are accordance with those obtained by
Meheta et al. (1988) for ginning out turn, Bodar et al.
(1990) for ginning % and Ahuja and Tetuja (2001) for
boll weight, sympodia and seed index.
Table 1-Analysis of variance for twenty one characters in F6 generation.
Table 2-Parametersof heritability and genetic advance for twelve characters in F6 generation of cotton
Sr
No
Name of
characters
Range Gener
al
Mean
Heritability
(BS) %
Genetic
advanc
e
GA as a
% of
mean
1
Days to first
flowering (no)
55.33-69.33 65.12 31.22 3.01 4.63
2
Days to 50%
flowering (no)
69.00-89.00 79.49 30.42 3.11 3.92
3
Days to boll
bursting (no)
107.33-
125.00
115.14 22.03 2.64 2.29
4
Days to
maturity (no)
127.00-
142.00
134.39 84.63 6.26 4.65
Source of
variation
D
F
Days to first
flowering
(no.)
Days
to 50%
floweri
ng
(no.)
Days
to boll
bursti
ng
(no.)
Days
to
matur
ity
(no.)
Plant
heig
ht
(cm)
Plant
spread
(cm)
Averag
e boll
weight
(g)
Seed
cotton
yield/p
l (g)
Locular damage (%)
Mean sum of squares
Replicati
on
2 31.37 46.72 0.26 3.28
57.5
5
68.37 0.25 49.41 1.63
Treatmen
t
4
6
35.64**
39.77*
*
48.72
*
34.67
**
523.
24**
337.97
**
0.68**
677.11
**
30.07**
Error
9
2
15.09 17.20 26.36 1.98
19.5
3
27.62 0.23 55.15 3.19

5
Plant height
(cm)
77.40-144.40 103.10 89.58 25.26 24.50
6
Plant spread
(cm)
50.20-90.27 72.23 78.92 18.61 25.77
7
Average boll
weight (g)
2.29-4.05 3.20 38.96 0.50 15.56
8 Seed index (g) 6.59-10.25 8.51 73.08 1.33 15.58
9 Lint index (g) 3.63-6.64 5.23 78.20 1.23 23.55
10 Ginning (%) 31.12-42.86 37.97 71.17 4.72 12.44
11
Locular
damage (%)
10.67-21.67 15.48 73.74 5.29 34.21
12
Seed cotton
yield/plant (g)
36.27-90.75 61.90 78.99 26.36 42.58
Table 3. Parameters of genetic variability for twelve characters in F6 generation of cotton
Sr
No
Name of
characters
Range General
Mean
σ2
g σ2
p GCV PCV
1
Days to first
flowering
(no)
55.33-69.33 65.12 6.85 21.94 4.02 7.19
2
Days to 50%
flowering
(no)
69.00-89.00 79.49 7.52 24.72 3.45 6.26
3
Days to boll
bursting (no)
107.33-125.00 115.14 7.45 33.82 2.37 5.05
4
Days to
maturity (no)
127.00-142.00 134.39 10.90 12.88 2.46 2.67
5
Plant height
(cm)
77.40-144.40 103.10
167.9
0
187.44 12.57 13.28
6
Plant spread
(cm)
50.20-90.27 72.23
103.4
5
131.08 14.08 15.84
7
Average boll
weight (g)
2.29-4.05 3.20 0.15 0.39 12.10 19.38
8
Seed index
(g)
6.59-10.25 8.51 0.57 0.78 8.86 10.38
9
Lint index
(g)
3.63-6.64 5.23 0.46 0.58 12.00 14.62
10 Ginning (%) 31.12-42.86 37.97 7.38 10.37 7.16 8.48
11
Locular
damage (%)
10.67-21.67 15.48 8.96 12.15 19.34 22.53
12
Seed cotton
yield/plant
(g)
36.27-90.75 61.90
207.3
2
262.47 23.26 26.17

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