THIS POWERPOINT PRESENTATION WAS DESIGNED AS A RE-PUPORSED WORK BASED ON CONTENTS GATHERED ON SLIDESHARE.

1. TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN ANIMALS
PREPARED BY: MBATSANE N.N
STUDENT TEACHER
UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG

2. DOUBLE CIRCULATION
•The circulatory system consist of two distinct circuits:
1. Pulmonary circuit
2. Systemic circuit
NB. The pumps of the two circuits serve different tissues
& are combined into a single organ called, the ‘HEART’

3. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE HEART
The human heart beats 35 million times per year.
Most heart attacks occur between 08h00-09h00am.
Pig and baboon hearts have been transplanted into
humans.
Your entire volume of blood goes through your entire
body once every minute.

4.  BLUE WHALES HAVE THE LARGEST HEART OF
ALL ORGANISM.

5. 3 IMPORTANT BLOOD VESSELS
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

6. FUNCTIONS OF ARTERIES
Arteries transport oxygenated blood, except for the
pulmonary artery.
The main artery is called ‘AORTA’, It carries
oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of
the body.

7. FUNCTIONS OF VEINS
Veins transport deoxygenated blood, except for the
pulmonary vein.
The main vein is called ‘VENA CAVA’, It carries
deoxygenated blood towards the heart from the rest
of the body.

8. FUNCTIONS OF CAPILLARIES
Capillaries are tiny interconnecting blood vessels
that connect arteries and veins.
They are structurally suited to enable the exchange
of substances between the blood and interstitial
tissue fluid.

9. THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The mammalian heart consist of 4 chambers:
2 atria and 2 ventricles.
The left side of the heart always pumps & receives
oxygenated blood from the lungs.
While the right side of the heart receives and pumps
deoxygenated blood from the body.

10. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF A MAMMALIAN
HEART

11. THE HEART WALL CONSIST OF THREE
LAYERS:
Epicardium: It is the outer wall layer joined with
pericardium.
Myocardium: Is the actual cardiac muscle layer that
contracts.
Endocardium: Is the layer that lines the heart
muscles & vessels.

13. FLOW DIAGRAM OF THE CIRCULATION
OF BLOOD IN MAMMALS
 Superior and Inferior vena cava ➡️ Right atrium ➡️
Tricuspid valve ➡️ Right ventricle ➡️ Pulmonary
valve ➡️ Pulmonary artery ➡️ Lungs ➡️ 4 Pulmonary
veins ➡️ Left atrium ➡️ Bicuspid valve ➡️ Left
ventricle ➡️ Aortic valve ➡️ Aorta.

14. 3D MODEL OF A HUMAN HEART

15. COMMON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
 Atherosclerosis: It is caused by the build- up of fat
deposits within arteries.
Heart attack: Is caused by the death of cardiac
muscle tissues, resulting from blockage of one or
more coronary arteries.

16. CONTINUE………..
Stroke: Is caused by the death of nervous tissues
in the brain, resulting from the blockage of arteries in
the brain.
Hypertension (High blood pressure): Has no exact
cause, but it is mostly due to stress, obesity, older
age etc.

17. REFERENCES
Catam-Isan, C. (2017). Circulatory system. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/kushsehgal54/circulatorysystem (Accessed 15 August 2020).
Ravagnan, M. (2012). Powerpoint circulatory system. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/mmravagnan/powerpoint-circulatory-system-13831370 (Accessed
15 August 2020).
Singh, A. (2015). The circulatory system. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/ArmaanSingh786/the-circulatory-system-complete-info-ppt?qid=
(Accessed 15 August 2020).
Sehgal, K. (2014). Human circulatory system. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/kushsehgal54/circulatorysystem- (Accessed 15 August 2020).
Yong, C. (2015). Heart and circulation. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/Yon360/heart-and-circulation-53675257. (Accessed 15 August
2020).