3. Subsistence Agriculture
Subsistence Agriculture is a farming practice in
which farmers primarily grow crops and raise
livestock to meet the basic needs of their own
households or communities.
4. Subsistence Agriculture
Subsistence Agriculture is a farming practice in
which farmers primarily grow crops and raise
livestock to meet the basic needs of their own
households or communities.
The primary goal of subsistence agriculture is to
produce enough food, often just sufficient to
survive, rather than for commercial sale or profit.
6. What are Community based
farming
Community based farming
communal farming or community agriculture, is a
farming approach where individuals or groups of
people come together to collectively cultivate and
manage agricultural land. This practice fosters
cooperation, resource sharing, and a sense of
community, and it can take various forms,
9. 1. Community Gardens: Small plots of land
are divided among community members, who
each grow their own crops or share
responsibilities for tending to the garden.
10. 1. Community Gardens: Small plots of land
are divided among community members, who
each grow their own crops or share
responsibilities for tending to the garden.
2.Cooperative Farms:
11. 1. Community Gardens: Small plots of land
are divided among community members, who
each grow their own crops or share
responsibilities for tending to the garden.
2.Cooperative Farms: Groups of farmers
pool their resources, land, and labor to operate
a farm collectively. They often share both the
work and the harvest.
12. 3. Community Supported Agriculture (CSA):
Members of the community purchase shares in a
farm's produce before the growing season. They then
receive a portion of the farm's harvest throughout the
season.
13. 3. Community Supported Agriculture (CSA):
Members of the community purchase shares in a
farm's produce before the growing season. They then
receive a portion of the farm's harvest throughout the
season.
4. Urban Agriculture Initiatives:
14. 3. Community Supported Agriculture (CSA):
Members of the community purchase shares in a
farm's produce before the growing season. They then
receive a portion of the farm's harvest throughout the
season.
4. Urban Agriculture Initiatives:
Communities in urban areas may come together to
create rooftop gardens, vertical farms, or other
innovative farming projects.
16. 5.Traditional Communal Farming:
In some regions, traditional communal
farming practices have been in place for
generations, with entire villages or
communities working together on shared
agricultural land.
18. What are Barter and
exchange economies
Are economic systems in which goods and
services are traded directly for other goods
and services without using a medium of
exchange like money.
19. 1 Barter System: In a pure barter system,
individuals Or entities trade items they have for
items they want. For example, a farmer might
exchange a portion of their crops for clothing
made by a tailor. Barter relies on the "double
coincidence of wants," meaning both parties
must want what the other has to offer
20. 1 Barter System: In a pure barter system,
individuals Or entities trade items they have for
items they want. For example, a farmer might
exchange a portion of their crops for clothing
made by a tailor. Barter relies on the "double
coincidence of wants," meaning both parties
must want what the other has to offer
2. Challenges of Barter: The barter system
can be inefficient because finding someone
with exactly what you need who also needs
what you have can be difficult. This
inefficiency often leads to the development
of alternative systems or the use of
common medium of exchange.
21. 3. Exchange Economies: Exchange
economies may use various forms of tokens,
certificates, or a central authority to facilitate
trade. These systems aim to overcome the
limitations of pure barter. For example, a
local community might use a barter
exchange network, where participants earn
"credits" for goods or services they provide
and can spend those credits wit other
participants.
22. 4. Limited Use of Money: In some
Exchange economies, money is still used but in a
limited or complementary role. For instance, people
may primarily barter but use money for Specific
transactions or as a reference point For valuing
godsend services.
23. 4. Limited Use of Money: In some
Exchange economies, money is still used but in a
limited or complementary role. For instance, people
may primarily barter but use money for Specific
transactions or as a reference point For valuing
godsend services.
5. Historical and Modern Examples: Barter
systems have been used throughout history and
Can still be found in various forms today, especially
In Local or informal economies. However, most
Modern economies rely heavily on currency as a
medium of exchange due to its convenience and
efficiency.
24. 6. Online Barter and Exchange Platforms:
In the digital age, there are online platforms that
facilitate barter and exchange among users. These
platforms often provide a virtual marketplace where
people can list items they have for trade and search
for items they want.
25. 6. Online Barter and Exchange Platforms:
In the digital age, there are online platforms that
facilitate barter and exchange among users. These
platforms often provide a virtual marketplace where
people can list items they have for trade and search
for items they want.
7. While barter and exchange systems
have their merits in promoting resourcefulness and
community interactions, they can be limited in
scalability and efficiency, which is why most modern
economies have transitioned to using currency as a
primary medium of exchange.
27. LAND TERNURE COMMUNAL
OWNERSHIP
and tenure refers to the way in which land is owned, held, or
occupied by individuals or communities. Communal
ownership is one form of land tenure where land is
collectively owned or managed by a group of people, often a
community or tribe, rather than being owned by individuals.
Communal ownership can have various advantages, such
As promoting social cohesion, preserving traditional
practices, and preventing land concentration. However, it
Can also lead to challenges related to decision-making,
resource allocation, and conflict resolution within the
community.
29. Traditional Agricultural
Knowledge
Traditional agricultural knowledge (TAK) refers to
the collective knowledge, practices, and
techniques passed down through generations within
communities engaged in agriculture. This knowledge
is often based on centuries of experience and
adapted to local environments and conditions. TAK
encompasses a wide range of agricultural practices,
including crop cultivation, livestock rearing, soil
management, and pest control, among others.
30. KEY ASPECTS OF TRADITIONAL
AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE
INCLUDE:
31. 1.Crop Diversity: Traditional farming often
involves the cultivation of a diverse
range of crops suited to local conditions,
which helps maintain biodiversity and
resilience in agriculture.
32. 1.Crop Diversity: Traditional farming often
involves the cultivation of a diverse
range of crops suited to local conditions,
which helps maintain biodiversity and
resilience in agriculture.
2.Sustainable Practices: TAK typically
emphasizes sustainable and eco-friendly
farming methods, such as crop rotation,
Organic fertilization, and natural pest control.
33. 3. Indigenous Wisdom: Indigenous
communities often possess unique
knowledge about local plants, animals,
and ecosystems, which contributes to
their agricultural practices.
34. 3. Indigenous Wisdom: Indigenous
communities often possess unique
knowledge about local plants, animals,
and ecosystems, which contributes to
their agricultural practices.
4. Conservation: TAK often incorporates
practices for conserving soil fertility, water
resources, and seeds to ensure long-term
agricultural sustainability.
35. 5. Preserving traditional agricultural
knowledge is essential for maintaining
food security, biodiversity, and
sustainable farming practices. However,
it's also important to integrate traditional
knowledge with modern agricultural
techniques and scientific advancements
to address contemporary challenges
and increase agricultural productivity.
