ppt-bread n pastry

2. FEATURES OF
EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICTION

3. COMMUNICATION
is a process of sharing and conveying
messages or information from one
person to another within and across
channels, contexts and situations in
which communication can be
manifested. It can be a face-to-face, a
phone conversation, a group discussion,
a meeting or interview, a letter, a class
recitation and many others.

4. 1. Completeness- complete
communication is essential to the
quality of communication, it should
include everything that the receiver
needs to hear.
2. Conciseness- does not mean keeping
the message short, but making it direct
or straight to the point. Insignificant and
redundant information should be

5. 3. Consideration- To be effective,
the speaker should always consider
relevant information about his/her
receiver such as mood, background,
race, preference, education, status
and needs. By doing so, you can
easily build rapport with the
audience.

6. 4. Concreteness-
communication is effective
when the message is concrete
and supported by facts,
figures, and real life examples
and situations. In this case,
the receiver is more connected

7. 5.Courtesy- the speaker shows
courtesy in communication by
respecting the culture, values,
and belief of his/her receivers.
Being courteous at all times
creates a positive impact on the
audience

8. 6. Clearness
Clearness implies the use of an
enticing piece of information in a
simple and specific words to express
ideas. It is also achieved when only
on a single objective so not confuse
the audience.

9. 7. Correctness – correctness in grammar,
eliminates negative impact on the
audience and increase the credibility and
effectiveness of the message.
( if you are not sure with the pronunciation…ask other people or refer to dictionaries
that has pronuction)

10. BARRIERS TO
COMMUNICATION

11. EMOTIONAL BARRIERS
EMOTIONAL BARRIERS
USE OF JARGON
LACK OF CONFIDENCE
NOISY ENVIRONMENT

12. EMOTIONAL BARRIERS
BARRIER EXAMPLE SOLUTION
Emotional
Barrier
You are having a bad
day or you feel
frustrated
Recognize these kind of
emotions, and politely ask
the other person to give you
a moment so you can relax
or calm yourself
You sit in a meeting or
class where you think
the speaker is boring
Recognize this kind

13. NON-VERBAL
MISCONCEPTION

14. 1.PARALANGUAGE
• is about “HOW”
something is said, not what
is said . Saying “I love You”
with an angry tone is a
contradictory.
• Tones or voices must
match the content of the
message.

15. 2.CHRONEMICS
• Shows how time is viewed
differently in various countries.
Philippines “Filipino Time” will wait
for someone to arrive for as long as
an hour ( sometimes even longer.
Time most often used in the
Philippines to convey how powerful a
person is. An authority may show that
his/her time is more important than
that of the visitor by making hem wait

16. CHRONEMICS
Europeans time in the
West is always exact and
to the point. They will wait
only 5 minutes beyond the
appointed time

17. PHONEMICS
Studies the way we
understand the
sounds we heard

18. 3. HAPTICS
• Shows how time is viewed
differently in various countries.
Philippines “Filipino Time” will wait
for someone to arrive for as long as
an hour ( sometimes even longer.
Time most often used in the
Philippines to convey how powerful a
person is. An authority may show that
his/her time is more important than
that of the visitor by making hem wait

19. 4. FLOWERS
• For Filipinos only men send
flowers, women do not. Red roses
are to be sent only to a female
sweetheart or a wife, no one else,
and only on Valentine days and
birthdays. But nowadays, it is okey
to send flowers on any occasion or
even without any occasion

20. 4. FLOWERS
• Plumeria or Kalachuchi is Hawaii’s
state flow but Filipinos hate it
because of its disagreeable smell.
• Italians send chrysanthemums for
special occasions, but Filipinos
generally see them in funeral
arrangements.

21. 5. COLORS
• Colors have certain meaning
based on the dictates of culture
and gender.
• Parents prepare blue for baby boys
and pink for baby girls. Where in
fact pink is a masculine color and
blue is a feminine color.
• In Thailand only the king can wear
yellow,. Tourists who dare to wear
the royal color are punished

22. 5. COLORS
• only the king can wear yellow,.
Tourists who dare to wear the
royal color are punished

23. 7. FACIAL EXPRESSION
• Is a type of non-verbal
communication that the message
better assists the listener in
understanding . It is important to
the communication process. Eye
Contact is number one.

24. 8. POSTURE AND PERSONAL
APPEARANCE
• Are the last type of non-
verbal communication. How
one stands or sits in
communicative situations
tells the people around how
ones sees oneself as a
Speaker.

25. Two little mice fell in a bucket of
cream, the first mouse quickly gave
up and drown, the second mouse
wouldn’t quit…she struggled so
hard that eventually she turned that
cream into butter and crawled out..

26. TYPES OF
DATA COLLECTION

27. OBSERVATION
This is a technique of gathering data
whereby you personally watch,
interact, or communicate with the
subjects of your research. It lets you
record what people exactly do and
say in their everyday life on Earth.
Through this data gathering
technique, proofs to support your
claims or conclusions about your
topic are obtained in a natural setting

28. TYPES OF
OBSERVATION
PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION- The
observer, who is the researcher,
takes part in the activities of the
individual or group being observed.
Your actual involvement enables you
to obtain firsthand knowledge about
the subjects behavior and the way
they interact with one another. You
can have your diary or logbook to
record your data.

29. TYPES OF
OBSERVATION
NON-PARTICIPATION OR
STRUCTURED- This type of
observation completely detaches you
from the target of your observation.
You just watch and listen do their own
thing without participating. Recording
of non-participation observations
happens though the use of checklist

30. interview
In research, interview is a data
gathering technique that makes you
verbally ask the subjects or
respondents questions to give
answers to what your research study
is trying to look for. Done mostly in
qualitative research studies,
interview aims at knowing what the
respondents think and feel about the
topic of your research.

31. TYPES OF INTERVIEW
STRUCTURED INTERVIEW
This is an interview that
requires the use of an interview
schedule or a list of questions
answerable with one and only item
from a set of alternative responses.
Choosing one answer from the given
set of answers, the respondents are
barred from giving answers that
reflect their own thinking or emotions
about the topic,

32. TYPES OF INTERVIEW
UNSTRUCTURED INTERVIEW
In this type of interview,
respondents answer the questions
based on what they personally think
and feel about it. There are no
suggested answer. They purely
depend on the respondents decision
making skills, giving them opportunity
to think critically about the question.

33. TYPES OF INTERVIEW
SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEW
The characteristics of the other
two types is found in this type of
interview. Here, you prepare a list of
questions that is accompanied by a
list of expressions from where the
respondents can pick out the correct
answer. However, after choosing one
from the suggested answers, the
respondents answer another set of
questions to make them explain the

34. APPROACES IN
INTERVIEW
INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEW
Only one respondent is interviewed
here. The reason behind this one-on-
one interview is the lack of trust the
interviewees have among
themselves. One example of this is
the refusal of one interviewee to let
other interviewees get a notion of or
hear his or her response to the
questions. Hence he prefers an
individual interview.

35. APPROACES IN
INTERVIEW
GROUP INTERVIEW
This approach lets you interview
group of people at the same time.
The group members take turns in
answering the question. This is also
called as focus group interview. The
chances of having some respondents
getting influenced by the other group
members are one downside of this
interview approach.

36. APPROACES IN
INTERVIEW
MEDIATED INTERVIEW
No face-face interview is true for
this interview approach because this
takes place through electronic
communication devices such as
telephones, mobile phones, email,
facebook among others. Mediated
interview disregard non-verbal
communication (e.g. bodily
movements, feelings, eye contact,
gesture, facial expression)

37. STEPS IN CONDUCTING
INTERVIEW
1. Getting to Know Each Other
2. Having an Idea of the
Research
3. Starting the Interview
4. Conducting the interview
Proper
5. Putting an End to the
Interview
6. Pondering Over Interview

38. questionaire
A questionnaire is par containing a list of
questions including the specific place and
space in the paper where you write the
answers to the questions. This set of
questions elicits factual or opinionated
answers from the respondents through
their acts, of checking one chosen
answer from several options

39. PURPOSES OF QUESTIONAIRE
1. Discover peoples thoughts
and feelings about your
research
2. Assist you in conducting an
effective face-to-face
interview
3. Help you plan how to obtain
and record their answers
4. Make analysis, recording

40. Types of questionaire
1. POSTAL QUESTIONAIRE
As the name connotes, this
type of questionnaire goes to the
respondent through postal
service or electronic mail. It is
also through the mail or postal
system the accomplished
questionnaire will be sent back to
the researcher.

41. Types of questionaire
2. SELF-ADMINISTERED
QUESTIONNAIRE
This type of questionnaire makes
you act as the interviewer and the
interviewee at he same time. First you
ask the questions either in person or
through phone; then, you will be
writing the interviewees answers on a
piece of paper.

42. advantages questionaire
1. It is cheap as it does not require
you to travel to hand the
questionnaire.
2. Easy distribution
3. Offers more opportunity for the
respondents to ponder on their
responses
4. It enables easy comparison of
answers because of the uniformity
of questions
5. It has the capacity to elicit genuine

43. disadvantages questionnaire
1. There is a possibility that some
questionnaires will not go back to
you
2. Confusing and uninteresting
questions to respondents fail to
elicit desired responses.
3. It prevents you from being with the
respondents to help them unlock
difficulties in their understanding of
the questions

44. CONCLUSION
Conclusion is a type of inferential or
interpretative thinking that derives its
validity, truthfulness, reasonableness from
your sensory experience. Touching, seeing,
hearing, tasting, and smelling, things
around you lead to a particular conclusion
about each of those experiences. The
results of your sensory experience are
factual data to support the truthfulness of
your conclusions

45. Drawing conclusions
After analyzing that data you have
gathered is drawing your conclusions.
This makes you form conclusions that
arise from the factual data you
encountered and analyzed. Any
conclusions drawn or deduced by you
from facts or statements resulting
from logical thinking rather than from
another assumption, prediction, or
generalization are the only ones
included in the conclusion section of

46. Warranted conclusions
Any conclusion that you
give about what you
found out through your
analysis of the data you
collected

47. Pointers in writing conclusions
1. Explain your point in simple and
clear
sentences
2.Use expressions that center the
topic
rather than on yourself, the
researcher.
3.Include only necessary items;
exclude any piece of information or
picture not closely related to your
report.

48. Pointers in writing conclusions
4. Have your conclusion contain only
validly supported findings instead of
falsified results.
5. Practice utmost honesty and
objectivity in stating the results of
your critical evaluation outcomes that
you expect to support your
conclusion

50. STE
P Develop your
Five-Year Ideal
Work/Life
Balance Pie Chart

51. HISTORICAL
STUDY
This type of research design
determine the reasons for changes
or permanence of things in the
physical world in a certain period.
Historical design differs from other
research designs because it has a
SCOPE- the study has a certain
number of years covered. The clue
about te scope is usually reflected
on the title of the study

52. Again, look at the Life Career
Rainbow, and think about changes in
the pattern of your life that you can
reasonably expect to occur. Then
think about how you would like your
life to look in five years time.
On the third blank pie chart, mark
the amount of time you would like to
allocate to each of the roles in five years'
time.

53. menz
Look at
Discrepancies and
Identify Barriers and
Challenges
STE
P

54. Compare your ideal charts
from steps 2 and 3 with the current
chart from step 1.
Identify the discrepancies, and list
the reasons for them. Have you become
complacent and let yourself get swept
away by events. Or are there real factors
that are preventing you from achieving
your ideal work/life balance? If so, identify
those factors.

55. STEP
Develop Goals to
Meet the Challenges
in Step 4
This is where you
identify specific
strategies to achieve
the ideal work/life
balance you want.

56. Look at the discrepancies and barriers you identified in
step 4 and set appropriate goals to move yourself from your
current state to your desired state. Just be aware that if you want
to make a substantial change to your work/life balance, you'll need
to think this through carefully, including understanding and
reconciling yourself to the trade-offs that will result from the
change.
Taking a simple example, if you're a hard-working male
manager and your wife is pregnant with your first child, now is a
great time to develop great time management and delegation
skills! And taking this further, if your paramount goal is to be a
great father, you may need to slow down at work and accept the
trade-off that unless you're particularly astute, you probably won't
earn as much over the next five years as the career-focused person
who's currently your peer.

57. Key Points

58. The overall message of Super's
Life Career Rainbow is that CAREER
DEVELOPMENT is a lifelong process
that is influenced greatly by other
areas of life. There is no one-way to
develop a career and one of the most
important aspects of career planning
is finding the balance between work
and the rest of life.

59. The Life Career Rainbow is a
useful tool for thinking about how the
demands on your time change
depending on life circumstances. It
helps you understand why you might
be overloaded or experiencing stress,
and helps you understand what you
can do about it and the trade-offs you
should expect as a consequence.

60. Once you see how you split up
your work roles and your life roles, it
will be easier to identify where your
work and life is out of balance and
begin the process of creating the
harmony you need.

61. Reflection
Video presentation:
CAREER GUIDANCE

63. Evaluation
1. How did you feel about the
topic?
2.What is your realization about
career guidance?
3.How can you apply career
guidance in your own
profession? family? community?

67. Flores, Helen M., The Philippine Star,(
Updated August 29, 2013 - 12:00am), 2 26
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Homepage ( Article MRec ), pagematch: 1,
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Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The
exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.
http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theorie
s/social-learning.html
References:

68. Super, D.E. (1990) A Life-Span, Life-
Space Approach to Career Development in
Brown, D. Brooks, L. & Associates (2nd edn)
Career Choice and Development San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass, pp197-261.
Super, D.E., Savickas, M.L., & Super, C.M.
(1996) ‘The life-span, life-space approach to
careers’, in Brown, D., Brooks, L, &
Associates (Eds) Career Choice &
Development, (3rd Edn), San Francisco,
California, Jossey-Bass, pp121-178.

69. http://www.careers.govt.nz/educators-
practitioners/career-practice/career-theory-
models/supers-theory/
The Calgary Board of Education,
(www.cbe.ab.ca/).
The University of Hawai’i System,
(www.hawaii.edu).

70. Bollee, Richard N., What Color is Your
Paracheute? 2009, A Practical Manual for
Job-Hunters and Career-Changers Ten
Speed Press, Berkley, California
Santamaria, Josie O., Ask Your Career
Counselor, 2013, Inquirer Books, Philippine
Daily Inquirer, Inc., Chino Roces Ave.,
corner Yague and Mascardo Streets, Makati
City, Phippilines
Books:

71. Villar, Imelda Virginia G., Career Counseling
in the Philippines, 2009, Alined
Transformations Publications, 3423
Guernica St., Makati City 1235, Philippines
Books: