Presentation by Timo Leiter, GIZ, for the webinar "Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) in the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Process." You can watch a recording of the webinar here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIqbygK6obE

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Developing a national adaptation
Monitoring & Evaluation system
NAP Global Network Webinar, 14 June 2017
Timo Leiter, GIZ Climate Policy Team
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GIZ‘s support for adaptation M&E
“Effective adaptation finance (M&E
Adapt)”: Global project since 2012 (BMZ-
funded)
Supporting the development of national
adaptation M&E systems:
South Africa
Mexico, Morocco
Bolivia, Mozambique
Developed the adaptation M&E toolbox
Sharing experiences at events and
webinars
Assessing national adaptation in light of the Paris Agreement
Timo Leiter

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Outline
Introduction
Building blocks of adaptation M&E systems
Context
Content
Operationalisation
Communciation & Reporting
Q&A
Assessing national adaptation in light of the Paris Agreement
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Introduction
Many countries are developing adaptation M&E systems
• Aim: better understanding of adaptation achievements
• Countries begin to report on national adaptation progress
• UK, Germany, South Africa, Finland, Austria
• Soon also: Cambodia, Philippines, Mekong River Commission
Paris Agreement calls for enhanced transparency
• NDCs: Tracking progress towards achievements
• Adaptation Communications
• Global Stocktake:
• progress towards the global goal on adaptation
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M&E as integral part of the NAP process
Element D of the NAP Technical Guidelines
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A guidebook for national adaptation M&E
Developed in cooperation with the LEG and the Adaptation
Committee – published during COP21
Does not prescribe a standard M&E format: instead country-specific
Provides guiding questions for the development of adaptation M&E
systems
Based on lessons learned from partner countries
Supplement to NAP Technical Guidelines
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Four building blocks for setting up a national
adaptation M&E system
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•M&E focus
•Data & information
requirements
•Adaptation-specific
indicators
•Arrangements
and resources
•Data
gathering
•Communication
of M&E findings •Policy context
•M&E Purpose
•Target users
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1. Context
• What are relevant policies and processes?
• What is the purpose of the M&E system?
Adaptive management
Learning
Accountability
• Which scales does it refer to?
Geographically: mainly national or sub-national level?
Sectorial: specific sectors or cross-sectorial?
• What M&E systems are already existing?
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2. Content
• What exactly do you want to monitor?
Defining the scope of the M&E system
• Adaptation process:
• Focuses on the implementation of adaptation (did it take
place?)
• Adaptation outcomes:
• Results of adaptation actions (Is the population better
prepared? Has damage been avoided?)
M&E of the NAP process - GIZ's tools and experiences
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Indicator Responsible
Adaptation training strategy developed
and implemented
MoE
NAP M&E system developed and
implemented
MoE
System of financing and economic
incentives for adaptation created and
implemented.
MoE
Strategy to formulate adaptation polices
by federal entities is elaborated
MoE
Process indicators in Brazil‘s NAP
Source: Translated from Brazil‘s NAP Executive Summary (May 2016)

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Distinguishing two NAP M&E dimensions
M&E of the NAP process
• Is NAP implementation on track?
• Have intended milestones been reached?
E.g. integration of adaptation into sectorial planning, specified
targets for adaptation are in place
M&E of adaptation outcomes
• Are adaptation goals/objectives being achieved?
• Is climate vulnerability being reduced?
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What information do you need?
• To meet your M&E purpose?
• Who needs the information?
• How does it link to decision making processes?
• How can you get this information?
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Determines the design of your M&E system
How is the M&E system structured?
Great diversity between countries
No “one size fits all”

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Design of the M&E system
M&E is more than just indicators!
• Indicators should be part of a system or framework to provide
meaning
• For example through climate impact chains
Indicators have limitations
• Indicators do not say how or why changes occurred
• Indicators do not automatically lead to learning
• External factors also influence indicators
Need to reflect cause-and-effect relationship
M&E of the NAP process - GIZ's tools and experiences
1 Leiter & Pringle (2017): Pitfalls and potentials of measuring climate change adaptation through
adaptation metrics. Adaptation Perspectives Series. UNEP-DTU.
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2. Content
Participatory process
• Reviewing existing data
sources and M&E systems
• Identify users and
information needs
• Define climate impact
chains
8 steps of
development
Details in publication

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3. Operationalisation
• How can the information be gathered?
• Who is responsible/involved in M&E?
• Which data sources already exist?
• How can data access be organised?
• How is the data being analysed and by whom?
• What level of resources is required?
• How is the M&E system being institutionalised?
• How can M&E be sustained over time?
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4. Communication & reporting
• How will the information be made available?
• How can the target audience(s) be reached?
• Which communication formats are effective?
Report? Social media? Online platform?
• How can the reporting be linked to relevant policy processes?
• How will the information be shared internationally?
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Adaptation reporting in the UK
• Every 2 yrs: report to Parliament
on adaptation progress
• Since 2011 annual report, different
focus topics:
• Flooding, health, infrastructure
• Every 5 years: national climate
risk assessment
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Key messages
• M&E is an essential part of the NAP process
• To make M&E useful it is important to specify:
Purpose: what is M&E done for?
Scope: what does it cover? (process &/or outcomes)
Target users & link to decision processes
Available resources for developing
and operating the M&E system
M&E of the NAP process - GIZ's tools and experiences
• Indicators are an important part, but on
their own have limitations
• Paris Agreement requires countries to
assess and report adaptation progress

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Factsheets of adaptation M&E at the national level
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Each factsheet describes:
• Context: Purpose & policy context
• Process: institutional arrangements,
development of M&E system
• Content: approach, data, indicators,
outputs
• Lessons to date
Accompanying study:
• Comparative analysis
• Recommendations for
designing adaptaton M&E
systems
Available on:
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Policy briefs and Adaptation M&E Toolbox
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Policy brief on national adaptation M&E
systems
Adaptation M&E Toolbox
• National M&E
• Project M&E
• M&E Training
• Webinar recordings
Available under „M&E“ at:

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Thank you very much for your attention!
Timo.Leiter@giz.de
@TimoLeiter
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