biology

1. ُ‫م‬‫ي‬ِ‫ك‬َ‫ح‬ْ‫ال‬ ُ‫م‬‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ْ‫ال‬ َ‫نت‬َ‫أ‬ َ‫ك‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬ ۖ ‫َا‬‫ن‬َ‫ت‬ْ‫م‬‫ا‬‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬َ‫م‬ ‫ا‬
‫َل‬ِ‫إ‬ ‫َا‬‫ن‬َ‫ل‬ َ‫م‬ْ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬ َ
‫َل‬ َ‫َك‬‫ن‬‫ا‬َ‫ح‬ْ‫ب‬ُ‫س‬ ‫وا‬ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ق‬
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They said, "Exalted are You; we have no knowledge
except what You have taught us. Indeed, it is You who
is the Knowing, the Wise."

3. BSC100
Introduction to Biosciences
Maryam Mehmood
Lecturer
Department of Biosciences
COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI)

4. Lecture 22
Systems Biology

5. Systems biology
• Systems biology is the computational and mathematical analysis and
modeling of complex biological systems. It is a biology-based
interdisciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions within
biological systems, using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more
traditional reductionism) to biological research.[1]
• Particularly from the year 2000 onwards, the concept has been used widely
in biology in a variety of contexts. The Human Genome Project is an
example of applied systems thinking in biology which has led to new,
collaborative ways of working on problems in the biological field of
genetics.[2] One of the aims of systems biology is to model and discover
emergent properties, properties of cells, tissues and organisms functioning
as a system whose theoretical description is only possible using techniques
of systems biology.[1][3] These typically involve metabolic networks or cell
signaling networks.[1][4]

7. Human Genome Project

10. Identical twins Astronauts
You can relate how Physics and Biology can work together

11. Identical twin astronauts, Scott and Mark Kelly, are
subjects of NASA’s Twins Study. Scott (right) spent a year
in space while Mark (left) stayed on Earth as a control
subject. Researchers looked at the effects of space travel
on the human body. Credit: NASA.
Credits: NASA