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1. F-18TC Roll no.22

2.  A radio frequency power amplifier (RF power
amplifier) is a type of electronic amplifier that
converts a low-power radio-frequency signal into
a higher power signal. Typically, RF power
amplifiers drive the antenna of a transmitter.
Design goals often include gain, power output,
bandwidth, power efficiency, linearity (low signal
compression at rated output), input and output
impedance matching, and heat dissipation.
 Contents
 Amplifier classes
 Applications

3.  Amplifier classes:
 Many modern RF amplifiers operate in different modes, called
“classes”, to help achieve different design goals. Some classes
are class A, class AB, class B, class C, which are considered the linear
amplifier classes. In these classes the active device is used as a
controlled current source. The bias at the input determines the class
of the amplifier. A common trade-off in power amplifier design is the
trade-off between efficiency and linearity. The previously named
classes become more efficient, but less linear in the order they are
listed. Operating the active device as a switch results in higher
efficiency, theoretically up to 100%, but lower linearity.[1] Among the
switch-mode classes are Class D, Class F and class E.[2] The Class D
amplifier is not often used in RF applications, because the finite
switching speed of the active devices and possible charge storage in
saturation could lead to a large I-V product[1], which deteriorates
efficiency.
 Solid state
 Modern RF power amplifiers use solid-state devices,
predominantly MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect
transistors).[3][4][5] The earliest MOSFET-based RF amplifiers date back
to the mid-1960s.[6] Bipolar junction transistors were also commonly
used in the past.

4.  Applications:
 The basic applications of the RF power
amplifier include driving to another high
power source, driving a
transmitting antenna and
exciting microwave cavity resonators.
Among these applications, driving
transmitter antennas is most well known.
The transmitter–receivers are used not only
for voice and data communication but also
for weather sensing (in the form of
a radar).[citation needed]
 RF power amplifiers using LDMOS (laterally
diffused MOSFET) are the most widely
used power semiconductor

5. INTRODUCTION:
The radio frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA) is a key component in
modern telecommunication systems since its power consumption
dominates the other parts in the system. The purpose of the RF PA is
to amplify the radio signal to a necessary power level for transmission
to the receiver. The transmission is performed through the air. It is
important to handle the PA's conflicting behaviors of efficiency and
linearity in this process. RF PAs are divided into different classes, i.e.
A, AB, B etc., with respect to their power efficiency. In RF PAs there is a
trade-off between efficiency (defined as the ratio of the generated and
consumed RF and DC powers, respectively) and linearity. High
efficiency and high linearity cannot be achieved at the same time.
Class A RF PAs belong to the group of weakly nonlinear systems [1].
The inherent nonlinearity of the PA causes interference with other
transmitting channels and is something that one wants to avoid.
Modern digital modulation techniques offer high data rates but use
high bandwidths and peak-to-average ratios. Together with the
nonlinear behavior of the PA, it enlarges the interference problem and
leads to spreading of the transmitted spectrum which is often referred
to as spectral regrowth. The only solution to the above problem is the
use of linear PAs. The design of linear and efficient RF PAs in modern
radio telecommunication systems has been described in the literature.

11.  FM transmitter circuit and FM Radio using radio frequency
tuned FM transmitter circuits it is base on the concept of
electronic transmitter circuit where it has three basic
components, there are oscillator circuit, form of modulation
and power amplifier circuit. process is the transmitting
frequency for broadcasting. The functions of variable
capacitor are to match the proper frequency for broadcasting.
 This FM Telephone Transmitter circuit is a combination of
small circuits there are rectifier circuit, Fm oscillator circuit
and power amplifier circuit. It is communicate to other people
by radio frequency tower This kind of parts is important for
life .
 Transmitter antennas is most well known.
The transmitter–receivers are used not only for voice and data
communication but also for weather sensing (in the form of
a radar).