2. LEVITATION MEANS TO RISE
OR HOVER IN THE AIR
Levitation as shown in magic shows and
movies [not possible without tricks]
TRICKS AND ILLUSIONS USED SPECIAL EFFECTS USED
3. Magnetic levitation, maglev, or magnetic suspension is
a method by which an object is suspended with no
support other than magnetic fields. Magnetic pressure
is used to counteract the effects of the gravity
4. • A live frog levitated inside a
water bubble of 3 cm
diameter in a field of about
16 teslas at the HIGH FIELD
MAGNET LABORATORY, NETHERLANDS
METHODS FOR
MAGNETIC
LEVITATION
• METHOD#1
USING
DIAMAGNETISM
• Diamagnetic
materials repel
magnetic fields
• This is because their
relative permeability
is less than one
5. .
• Repulsion is weak
so high magnetic
fields are required.
• Light pieces of
graphite ,bismuth
,water droplets can
be levitated over
strong permanent
magnets.
• METHOD#1
USING
DIAMAGNETISM
• LEVITATING A LIGHT PIECE OF
GRAPHITE
6. • A SUPERCONDUCTOR LEVITATING A
PERMANENT MAGNET
METHODS FOR MAGNETIC LEVITATION
METHOD #2
SUPER
CONDUCTORS
• Superconductors are
perfect diamagnets
(μr = 0).
• They completely
expel magnetic fields
due to meissner
effect repelling the
magnetic field.
7. • At temperature less
than the critical
temperature metals
like bismuth ,steel
show
superconducting
properties
• Critical temperature
are below 150K
MEISSNER EFFECT
METHOD #2
SUPER CONDUCTORS
8. • METHOD#3
ROTATIONAL
STABILIZATION
• A rotating magnet
can be levitated
against gravity using
a base ring of
magnets.
• Given a spin so that
unlike poles do not
attract.
LEVITRON IS AN EXAMPLE OF SPIN
STABILIZED MAGNETIC LEVITATION
9. METHOD#3
ROTATIONAL
STABILIZATION
• The like poles repel
and unlike poles
attract.
• The north-north
repulsion dominates.
• So it hangs where
this upward repulsion
and force of gravity
balance each other.
10. • Uses a IR emitter and
detector and also
electronic circuits for
checking the object’s
position.
• This controls the
electromagnet depending
on the object’s position.
• METHOD#4
SERVOMECHANISM
Blocked Beam
Unblocked Beam
11. METHOD#4
SERVOMECHANISM
• If the object is too low , the
coil current is increased.
• If the object is too high the
coil current is reduced
• It is used in tabletop
demonstrations and also in
maglev trains
LEVITATION OF WASHER
13. MAGLEV TRAINS
• Maglev trains are very
high speed trains .
• They use large number
of magnets to lift,
guide and propel the
train.
,
14. MAGLEV
TRAINS
• Two types of maglev
trains have been
developed.
1. EMS MAGLEV
TRAIN developed in
GERMANY
[TRANSRAPID]
2. EDS MAGLEV
TRAIN developed in
JAPAN.[JR MAGLEV
shown in picture ]
The highest recorded speed of the
JR MAGLEV train is 581 kilometres per
hour (361 mph),
16. ELECTRO MAGNETIC
SUSPENSION[EMS]
GUIDING MAGNETS
• Magnetic forces may
not be constant on
the two sides.
• So ,electromagnets
are controlled by
computers to keep
the train in the
center.
front view of guiding magnets
side view
17. • Picture showing aluminium
windings
ELECTRO MAGNETIC
SUSPENSION[EMS]
PROPULSION
• Aluminium three
phase windings are
present in the track.
• When a current is
supplied to the
windings, it creates a
traveling alternating
current that propels
the train forward by
pushing and pulling.
18. ELECTRO MAGNETIC
SUSPENSION[EMS]
BRAKING
• When the alternating
current is reversed, the
train brakes.
• Different speeds are
achieved by varying the
intensity of the current.
• Only the section of track
where the train is
traveling is electrified.
19. ELECTRO DYNAMIC
SUSPENSION [EDS]
LEVITATION
• In electrodynamic
suspension (EDS), a
repulsive magnetic
field between the train
and the track levitates
the train.
• . Superconductors
cooled by liquid
helium or liquid
nitrogen are used in
the train and the track.
The JR-Maglev
21. THE
INDUCTRACK
• Improved version of
the EDS
• Arrays of permanent
magnets called
HALBACH ARAYS
are used instead of
SUPER
CONDUCTING
COILS
Picture of THE INDUCTRACK
22. THE
INDUCTRACK
• Does not require
feedback system
• Does not require
cooling
• Less expensive than
the EDS and the
EMS systems.
• It’s only in the trial
stage
A full-scale INDUCTRACK test track is
nearing completion at GENERAL
ATOMICS IN SAN DIEGO
23. ADVANTAGES OF MAGLEV TRAINS
• An average speed of
300mph is achieved.
• Time taken to reach
destination is as
good as an airplane
[including check in
and check out time ].
• Safer as there is no
risk of derailing.
24. ADVANTAGES OF MAGLEV TRAINS
• As there is no
mechanical friction ,
lesser maintenance
is required.
• No energy is wasted
as only the part of
the track that is to be
used is electrified.
The full track is not electrified
27. A:
C:
B:
D:
The JR Maglev The Hyderabad Metro Rail
The Transpid The Inductrack
Next Question
2 minute quiz
Which of these trains is not a Maglev train?
1 / 3
28. Next Question
You are correct
The HYDERABAD METRO RAIL is a wheeled mass
transit system. It's speed is 80km/hr
30. A:
C:
B:
D:
lesser people more power
no surface friction because of it's shape
Next Question
2 minute quiz
Why are Maglev trains faster than the wheeled trains?
2 / 3
31. There is only air friction in Maglev trains.
Even this friction can be eliminated if the
train is run in vacuum tunnels
Next Question
You are correct
33. A:
C:
B:
D:
Professor Eric Laithwaite Rafael Nadal
Adam Gilchrist Morris Mano
2 minute quiz
The person who developed the first full-size working model of
linear induction motor, also developed the working Maglev
system. Identify the person.
3 / 3
34. You are correct
In the late 1940s, Professor Eric Laitwaite of Imperial
College ,London developed the first full-size working
model of the linear induction motor. In the early 1970s,
Laithwaite developed the maglev system.
![MAGNETIC LEVITATION
[MAGLEV]
BY
MOHAMMED OSMAN HAROONI](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/db26175d-bb15-4330-84db-755721a1157a-151101150558-lva1-app6891/85/magnetic-levitation-1-320.jpg)
![LEVITATION MEANS TO RISE
OR HOVER IN THE AIR
Levitation as shown in magic shows and
movies [not possible without tricks]
TRICKS AND ILLUSIONS USED SPECIAL EFFECTS USED](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)