"Managing Respiratory Conditions: Understanding Key Medications,"
"Explore the world of respiratory medications with this comprehensive SlideShare presentation. Dive into the various categories of drugs used to manage respiratory conditions, from bronchodilators to corticosteroids, discovering their mechanisms, significance, and role in improving lung health. Uncover the importance of each medication category, their functions, and their impact on conditions like asthma, COPD, and allergies. Get insights into how these medications work and their relevance in providing relief, controlling symptoms, and enhancing overall well-being in individuals with respiratory issues. Dive into this informative journey and gain a deeper understanding of the pharmacology behind breathing better and living healthier."
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PHARMACOLOGY OF DRUGS ACTING ON RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.pptx
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PHARMACOLOGY OF DRUGS
ACTING ON RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
A N U P M I S H R A
S C H O O L O F P H A R M A C E U T I C A L S C I E N C E ’ S
C S J M U N I V E R S I T Y, K A N P U R
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Introduction
• Respi r ator y m ed i cations ar e v i tal fo r
m a na g i ng b r e a th i ng pr o b le m s li ke
a s th m a and C O PD .
• Th e y e a s e s ym pto m s , i m pr o v e lung
functi o n, a nd pr e v e nt fla r e- ups,
allo wi ng peo ple to b r eathe easi er and
li v e b e tte r .
• Th e y'r e cr uci a l i n co ntr olli ng
r e s pi r a tory co nd i ti ons a nd e nh a nci ng
o v e r a ll q ua li ty o f li fe .
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Classification
• B r o n c h o d i l a t o r s
• B e t a 2 - A g o n i s t s
• A n t i c h o l i n e r g i c s
• I n h a l e d C o r t i c o s t e r o i d s ( I C S )
• C o m b i n a t i o n M e d i c a t i o n s
• L e u k o t r i e n e M o d i f i e r s
• M u c o l y t i c s a n d E x p e c t o r a n t s
• P h o s p h o d i e s t e r a s e - 4 ( P D E 4 ) I n h i b i t o r s
• A n t i h i s t a m i n e s a n d D e c o n g e s t a n t s
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Bronchodilators
• Bronchodilators are meds that relax and widen lung airways.
• They work by targeting specific muscles around air passages, easing
breathing in conditions like asthma or COPD.
• They quickly relieve symptoms like wheezing and help improve
airflow, making it easier to breathe.
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Drug names
Albuterol (Ventolin)
Salmeterol (Serevent)
Formoterol (Foradil)
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Tiotropium (Spiriva)
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Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS)
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ICS (Inhaled Corticosteroids) reduce airway inflammation
in respiratory conditions.
They work by calming down swelling and irritation in the
lungs, helping to prevent flare-ups and improving
breathing in diseases like asthma and COPD.
•Drug names
Fluticasone (Flovent)
Budesonide (Pulmicort)
Beclomethasone (QVAR)
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Combination Medications
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Combination drugs in respiratory treatment merge
different medications into one, offering a comprehensive
approach to managing lung conditions.
They typically combine bronchodilators and
corticosteroids. These medications work together to widen
airways, reduce inflammation, and improve lung function.
Using them in one inhaler simplifies treatment, enhances
convenience, and addresses multiple aspects of
respiratory conditions like asthma and COPD effectively. Drug names
Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Advair)
Budesonide/Formoterol (Symbicort)
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Leukotriene Modifiers
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Leukotriene modifiers manage respiratory conditions by
targeting leukotrienes, inflammatory chemicals that
contribute to airway constriction and inflammation.
These medications help reduce swelling, ease breathing,
and prevent asthma symptoms.
They are used as an alternative or additional therapy in
asthma, aiding in long-term control and minimizing the
need for rescue medications.
Drug names
Montelukast (Singulair)
Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Zileuton (Zyflo)
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Mucolytics and Expectorants
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•Mucolytics: These medications help break down thick,
sticky mucus in the airways, making it thinner and easier
to cough up. This action assists in clearing congestion and
improving breathing in conditions like COPD and chronic
bronchitis.
•Expectorants: These drugs work by increasing the
production of respiratory tract fluids, thinning the mucus
and making it easier to expel from the lungs. They
promote coughing to clear the airways of excessive
mucus, aiding in respiratory relief during coughs and
colds.
Drug names
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
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Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitors
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PDE4 inhibitors reduce inflammation in severe COPD by
targeting an enzyme called phosphodiesterase-4.
By inhibiting this enzyme, these medications help
decrease inflammation in the lungs.
This action helps to improve lung function, reduce
exacerbations, and enhance symptoms in severe COPD
cases.
PDE4 inhibitors like Roflumilast (Daliresp) are used as
add-on therapy in managing severe COPD.
Drug name
Roflumilast (Daliresp)
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Antihistamines and Decongestants
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•Antihistamines: Medications like Loratadine (Claritin),
Cetirizine (Zyrtec), and Fexofenadine (Allegra) block
histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions.
They alleviate symptoms like sneezing, itching, and runny
nose by reducing the body's allergic response.
•Decongestants: Drugs such as Pseudoephedrine
(Sudafed) and Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) work by
narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing
swelling and congestion. They provide relief from stuffy
nose and sinus pressure caused by allergies or colds.
Drug names
Loratadine (Claritin)
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Fexofenadine (Allegra) for antihistamines.
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) for decongestants.
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SUMMARY
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1.Bronchodilators: Widens airways, eases breathing, and alleviates symptoms like wheezing and shortness of
breath in conditions like asthma and COPD.
2.Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS): Reduces airway inflammation, preventing flare-ups and improving lung function
in chronic respiratory diseases.
3.Combination Medications: Provides a comprehensive approach by combining bronchodilators and
corticosteroids in a single inhaler, addressing multiple aspects of respiratory conditions for enhanced
effectiveness.
4.Leukotriene Modifiers: Targets inflammatory chemicals, aiding in long-term control of asthma and reducing the
need for rescue medications.
5.Mucolytics and Expectorants: Helps manage mucus-related issues by breaking down thick mucus and aiding
its expulsion, improving breathing in conditions like COPD and chronic bronchitis.
6.Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitors: Reduces inflammation in severe COPD cases, improving lung
function and minimizing exacerbations.
7.Antihistamines and Decongestants: Manages allergy symptoms and congestion by blocking allergic
responses and reducing nasal swelling, respectively.
Each category of medications plays a crucial role in managing respiratory conditions, addressing specific aspects
such as inflammation, airway constriction, mucus clearance, and symptom relief, thereby improving overall
respiratory health and quality of life.
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“
"Respiratory medications don't just open
airways; they open the door to a better
quality of life."
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