3. Steps in Program Area Calculations
1. NSF : NSF for each space X #Units
2. NOSF : Total NSF + Circulation
3. Total NOSF with efficiency :Total NOSF / %Efficiency
4. Total with 10% for mechanical
Subtotal : 3 + 4
5. With 2% for exterior walls
Total GSF : Subtotal + 5
4. 1. NSF – Net Square Footage
– Some circulation may be part of the unit sizes
(i.e. space to stand in front of counter or file cabinet)
– Some circulation is included in the NSF for work areas and cubicles
– Some circulation is included in the NSF for office spaces
• need space for layout and to move around
• NOTE: Since office spaces still need additional circulation to be
connected to the rest of the building the office is considered a NSF unit
(not NOSF)
5. 2. NOSF - Net occupiable square footage
• Need additional sf for circulation between cubicles,
offices, aisles in an auditorium, etc.
• How much more? This is an estimate, based on:
• Experience doing these types of layouts
• Studying existing successful plans of similar projects (doing
area take-offs)
6. To get NOSF* - Guidelines for adding circulation
• % of space enclosed % Circulation added
(offices, closets, workrooms)
• More than 50% Add 30%
• Between 20 and 50% Between 15–25%
• Less than 20% Add 10%
• Note:
• Use your judgment – evaluate what activities are going on.
These are estimates.
• Sometimes programs just put 25% on top of total NSF.
However, tailoring to the specific areas gives you better
precision, especially if you want to revise
7. Calculating for NOSF
STAFF/SPACE PROGRAM CRITERIA STAFF UNITS NSF COMMENTS
TYPE NSF
Staff:
Manager PO 150 1 1 150
Counselors PO 150 3 3 450
Secretaries WS 80 2 2 160
Clerical WS 50 1 1 50
Support Areas:
Waiting/Reception O 15 0 10 150 Waiting for 10
Work Room/copier CR 100 0 1 100 Include copier @25sf
Coat closet CR 10 0 1 10
Toilets CR 50 0 2 100
TOTAL STAFF 7
TOTAL NSF 1,180
CIRCULATION @ 30% 354
TOTAL NET OCCUPIABLE SQUARE FOOTAGE – NOSF 1,534
Legend: PO – Private office; CR – closed room; WS – open workstation; C – cubicle; O – open area
8. 1) NOSF With Efficiency – Total NOSF / Efficiency
2) Add 10% of NOSF with efficiency – Mechanical Space
3) Add 2% of Subtotal 1) + 2) - Exterior walls
• *If mechanical is programmed can skip this step
3. GSF: Gross Square Footage
10. 4. GSF Calculation
EXAMPLE (with 75% Efficiency)
1. 1,534 NOSF/.75 = 2,045
2. Add 10% of #1 for Mechanical = 2,045 X 10% = 204.5
2,249.5
• 3. 2,249.5 X.02 (for exterior walls) = 44.99
TOTAL GSF 2,294.49
11. 1) Total the NOSF
2) Estimate a building efficiency for the layout
(The higher the efficiency, the less room for additional circulation)
3) Estimate efficiency at 75% (for example)
4) Divide the NOSF by the % efficiency
5) Take 10% of SF with efficiency and add to the total
6) Take 2% of the total and add for the final GSF total
Calculating for total GSF
13. Bubble or Adjacency Diagrams
• The complete program has not yet been established - so not
designing final layout yet
• Easy to understand and helpful to both client and designer
• Client is confident important issues and possible solutions have
been determined and discussed before finalizing design
• Opportunity to rework the way things are done currently.
• Going through issues now and working things out abstractly
saves time, money, avoids miscommunication and, hopefully,
demands by client for additional unpaid work/changes later.
14. Diagrams discuss programmatic/planning ideas and options
• Copying services can be centralized or decentralized
Centralized Decentralized
Dept Dept Dept
Dept
Dept
Copy
services
Dept Dept
Dept
Dept
Dept
C
S
C
S
C
S
C
S
C
S
15. A few guidelines for better clarity of communication
• Diagrams are language - try to keep the symbols consistent
and distinct for different areas or ideas, i.e.
• Avoid any crossing lines
• Show relative sizes of spaces
• Indicating a front and back entry helps establish a context, a
relationship to areas outside the diagram.
• Try to distinguish closed and open areas through different
types of lines or colors.
16. • Abstractly indicate planning arrangement – avoid “daisy” diagrams
• Degree of adjacency:
– Can show the relationship of spaces by placing their symbols closer to
or further from one another
– If connecting space symbols (the bubbles) with lines – using different
line types/weights helps sort out areas into building blocks
• Use a key to explain all symbols
17.
18.
19.
20. Diagram clarity
- Create some hierarchy – avoid daisy diagrams.
- Do not put spaces in the same shape as labels giving information about the
spaces. The center is the name of the overall space, yet all around it are in the
space (I assume)
- Lack of difference in the shapes (types and sizes) is also confusing.
kitchen
dishw
asher
clos
et
stor
age
table
stove
frig
21. Example of daisy diagram - little differentiation and indication of layout
22. Final Programming Pre-schematic phases
• During the programming phase, in addition to establishing the
staff space program and adjacency diagrams, need to explore
options for building layering; Layering diagrams - what goes
on what floor
• Discuss possible phasing of the project; degrees and ways to
address future expansion on the chosen site
• Explore building height and volume
• Present blocking diagrams – how does building occupy the
site? What is the footprint? What is the orientation of all
entries/exits in relationship to the site? Orientation of
departments/areas?
23.
24.
25. Blocking Diagrams
• Shows blocked out areas of the program, to scale
• Gives an idea of the building footprint, orientation, main
entries /exits
• Must be sited to be give whole picture
• Must have a North arrow showing orientation
• Several options should be considered before going into
schematic design
