2. Organizational structure helps a company assign a hierarchy
that defines roles, responsibility, and supervision.
It’s the plan that outlines who reports to whom and who is
responsible for what. It’s usually recorded and shared as an
organizational chart that includes job titles and the reporting
structure.
4. Line-staff organization
The approach in which authorities establish goals and
directives that are then fulfilled by staff and other workers.
A line-staff organizational structure attempts to render a large
and complex enterprise more flexible without sacrificing
managerial authority.
5. Functional Organizational Structure
Functional organizational structures are the most common. A
structure of this type groups individuals by specific functions
performed.
Common departments such as human resources, accounting
and purchasing are organized by separating each of these areas
and managing them independently of the others.
6. Product Organizational Structure
Another common structure is to be organized by a specific product
type. Each product group falls within the reporting structure of an
executive and that person oversees everything related to that
particular product line.
For example an executive over Kraft products would be responsible
for every product under that label – dressings, meats, sauces, etc.
7. Customer Organizational Structure
Certain industries will organize by customer type. This is done in
an effort to ensure specific customer expectations are met by a
customized service approach.
The advantage of this type of structure is that it specializes in the
needs of each customer group but can ignore the needs of different
customer types
8. Geographic Organizational Structure
For organizations that cover a span of geographic regions, it
sometimes makes sense to organize by region. This is done to better
support logistical demands and differences in geographic customer
needs.
9. Matrix Organisational Structure
• It is a permanent organisation designed to achieve specific
results by using teams of specialists from different functional
areas in the organisation.
• In matrix structures, there are functional managers and product
managers. Functional manager are in charge of specialized
resources such as production, quality control, inventories,
scheduling and marketing.
10. • Product or business group managers are in charge of one or
more products and are authorized to prepare product strategies
or business group strategies and call on the various functional
managers for the necessary resources.
