2. Short film- Short film is a production of a film what doesn’t have a full-length of a premier film. A short film is
classed as a motion picture film, which commonly is less than 40 minutes, which has a beginning, middle and
end. Some people can argue that a short film’s target market is niche audience as the creativity and the art of the
film is most appreciated as they are shown in short film festivals such as Sundance film Festival (USA).
Adverts- Adverts are produced to increase sales for a film or TV show. An advert is created by an organisation,
which consists on being eye-catched by large audiences. The amount of times the ad is shown or clicked on the
Internet, the organisation will then get paid for displaying it.
Drama- A drama is a composition of storytelling, which uses emotions and dialogue to portray factual or fictional
characters and to create a storyline via theoretical performance. Drama is the most broad of movies genres and
includes subgenres as romantic drama, sport films, period drama and crime. Drama films usually appeal to both
the young mature and older audience, of both genders, due to the strong script that all drama films offer.
Comedy- A comedy is a composition of storytelling with comedic elements. A comedy uses humour to portray
factual or fictional characters and provide theoretical performances. The Comedy genre covers most movie
genres and subgenres, as it is a source of entertainment. Comedy films and TV shows usually appeal to most
mature audiences, due to the comedic entertainment can offend some viewers.
Documentary – A documentary is a nonfiction motion picture, which is used to show a realist document, which is
primarily used for the purposes of instruction or maintaining a historical record of real life events.
The Butterfly Effect’s genre is a crime/ Noir themed short film created by HSFC Students. We decided to chose
this genre and setting as an narrative point of view can be dramatized and using a range of camera techniques
can be used effectively.
Type of Production:
3. In film production, finance is a very important factor as it gives you a budget of how much you are going to be able to spend. It occurs during the development stage prior to pre-
production and is concerned with determining the potential value of a proposed film.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_finance
Sources of finance are often short term and must be paid back within a year and other sources of finance are long term and can be paid back throughout many years. These are
known as external sources.
There are also internal sources, which include a retained profit which is a profit made in reinvested into the business and there is also sale of assets which means that the assets
the company owns can be sold and then leased back which frees up a large amount of capital in the short term.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/87142651/Sources-of-Finance-Definition#scribd
Finance requirements play an important role; some of the requirements include theatrical release, which means that you are legally allowed to publically show the film, DVD sales
which means how many DVD’s of the film are they looking to sell once the film has been shown and also the release to cable broadcast television networks, which allows you to
show your film on the television on channels such as Channel 4, ITV, Movies 24, etc.
With finance, comes buying equipment that you will need in order to create your film; cameras, tripods, lights, microphones, etc. You will also need to think about any props you
will need for your film, depending on the genre and narrative of your film will decide what props you will need for your film.
During the process of making your film, transport is an important factor that you need to take into consideration, as you will need to make sure that all of your crew and actors can
get to the locations that you are using for your film. You also need to take into consideration what form of transport you are going to be using and how much will total cost come
too as you need to think about your budget.
Throughout the whole process of making your film, you will need to make sure you provide food and drink for your crew and depending on how many people are in your crew, will
depend on how much food and drink you will need to provide but you also need to think about your budget and how much you can afford to spend on catering.
Materials are an important factor for your film to advertise your film publically; examples of materials that you can have to advertise your film are Tapes/DVDs, Press Kit, Trailers
& Clips, and Websites. Tapes/DVDs are useful as it is important to have more than one copy of your film on at least couple of different formats such as, QuickTime, Beta SP, AVI
and DVD. This is because different exhibitors will require different formats so it’s important to read their guidelines so you give them their desired format. Also, it is important to
have DVD screeners, to advertise your film in a physical format of which you can hand out to people, on your advertisement, it is a good idea to label it with; the name of your
film, the length of your film, your name, address and contract details and the aspect ratio that you want your film to be screened in. Press Kits are basically an information sheet
that includes the following details that you can give provide to different exhibitors; film title & directors name, cast & crew list, length of film, year of production, original format,
country of origin, synopsis, copyright details and producer/director contact details. Trailers & Clips are important to have as it can promote and advertise your film online via a
social networking site. Websites are also a good idea to make when promoting your film, it would also be a good idea to put your trailer on your website if you have one.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/filmnetwork/filmmaking/guide/distribution/press-and-publicity-materials
Facility Hire is an important factor when creating a film as you cannot just go and film anywhere, you need to permission from the owner of the location, whether that is in a shop,
a bar or a house, etc., you will need permission from the owner that it is ok to film there. With this, the owner might want to be paid by you as you are using their location for your
film so you will have to take into consideration your budget and whether you can afford to be paying out money for your desired location.
Clearances, in terms of copyright, are crucial when creating a film. There are many clearances that you will to get permission from the owner before you start creating your film,
such as, Products, Logos & Brand names, Font, Texts & Designs, Famous Works & People and Script Clearances. Products, Logos & Brand names are important to get
Finance
4. When film making, it is important to give yourself a deadline so that you know specifically how long you have to
create your final product. Also, from your deadline, you can work out when you will need to actually start the
filming process, and then from there you can spend your time in the pre-production process. Having a deadline
will help you focus your efforts towards a single point giving them more power and practical effectiveness.
http://greatday.com/motivate/081105.html
When hiring equipment or using the equipment you need to make sure that the availability of the equipment
matches with the times and dates that you need too use the equipment. If they don’t match you will either have to
postpone your dates of starting your filming, or go elsewhere for equipment so it is important you give yourself
enough to find out the availability so you have enough time to change or reschedule.
When creating a film, it is important you get clearances for everything that you do not own, brands, logos, music,
sounds, etc. Depending on your film and depending on how many of each of those things you may be using in
your film, will depend on how long it might take to get clearances for each of those things. You need to give
yourself enough time to get those clearances before you start filming so you have full permission to use brands,
logos, music, etc. in your film for whenever you are ready to film.
Availability of personnel is a very important factor that you need to take into consideration when you are about to
start the filming process. Many things come under personnel so it is important you check the availability of each of
them so you don’t have distractions or having to change during the filming. The crew and actors come under
personnel so it is very important you check the availability of each of your crew members and make sure they are
available for when you need them, and if not, you have time to look for alternative crew members who can step in.
As well as your crewmembers, you need to take into consideration your resources that you will be using for your
film. It would be a good idea to maybe create a schedule of the days and times you need your crew members and
when you need all of the resources, that way if there is an error or someone cant make it on a certain day, you can
take time into finding other people.
Time
5. There are 4 people in the group; Emma, Matthew, Sam and Jack.
We will all contribute with the directing of the film.
Providing people with roles within the film is important, as it makes sure everyone knows what their job is and
what it is that they have to do.
When making a film, there are many role positions that need to be filled in order to create the best final outcome.
Roles that are crucial are actors, directors, editors, producers etc.
When deciding whom you want on your team/crew, it would be a good idea to look at their skills and experience
with film. So whether they have been in a similar position, or have skills and experience using cameras and
microphones and all of the equipment. Adding on to this, CV’s of people who you are looking to hire are very
important to look so you can see what qualifications they have achieved, what their personal interests and
hobbies and what type of person do they see themselves as. All of these are very important when deciding whom
you want on your team.
It would also be a good idea to take into consideration how expensive it is going to be to hire people in your crew
and whether you need to negotiate or have less people in the team.
When hiring people for your crew, it is very important you take into consideration and make sure you know the
availability of your team and whether they are going to be available when you need them and whether they can
work flexible hours and alternate their hours for when you need them to work on the film.
Personnel
6. Facilities
Facilities are a crucial factor when it comes to filmmaking.
Production equipment could be argued to be the most important part, as this includes all of the equipment that
actually makes your film, such as, multiple cameras, microphones, tripods, etc. Without this type of equipment,
you would not be able to make a film and you would have no final product.
Post-production equipment is just as important because if you haven’t got anything to work with before you start
filming, you will not be able to produce anything. Post-production equipment includes actors, lights, cameras,
props and schedules. It is important you make sure you have each of these before you start filming, as you will
need those for your film.
Facility houses are important as that is a place where you can go to get editing done and things like making music
or making sound effects for your film. Its important you find a facility house before you start the actual filming
process because if you don’t, and when it comes to needing to film, you might have trouble finding a facility house
which means your editing will be delayed.
Before you start the filming process, it is important you check the availability of the equipment so you can ensure
you can have the equipment for as long as you need when you are filming. It would be a good idea to make a
schedule and write all of the days and how many hours you can have those camera for and when you need to
return them so you can ensure you have enough time to complete the filming process. Furthermore, it would be a
good idea to also make notes of the cost and financial factor of the equipment you will be using so you can make
sure you can afford it depending on your chosen budget for your overall film production.
7. Materials
Original Materials: This is where the material for a film or a TV show is shot and is completely original footage e.g. film’s like Birdman
that is uses seamless editing to make it look like it is taking in one shot and uses no archive (Stock) or Library footage.
Archive Materials: This is where the studio making a film/TV show has some stock footage that’s will be reused in future movies and
TV shows this mostly shows up in characters cartoon shows and Japanese anime’s.
Library Materials: this sort of material is very similar to archive materials however while archive footage is a montage like a short film
of certain information related to the topic, library material is something such as a single image. These types of materials are not
copyrighted so they can be used under fair use.
Sound Materials: This is very different when compared to the other materials while they have been focused more towards visual
elements this is a audio element such as sound effects which can lighting or intensifier the mood
Within our short film will be using a lot of materials, here is a list below of the materials we will be using in the film:
Audio
Audio is a key component when creating any production. Audio is the physical attribute of listening to sounds, dialogue and footage
recorded. Audio needs to be considered as copyrights can occur if a production is created without claiming it their own material
Script
The script is the most crucial part in the post-production of filming. The script is each individual fragment of dialogue and events,
which are needed in the ending release of the film.
Properties
Media Properties Holdings manages and own an array of media companies that provide media buying, creative, lead generation,
brand CPM and performance-based CPA TV advertising.
Recorded Music
Recorded music is the ability to record audio and place it in a film. Recorded Audio needs to be set in consideration as copyright
claims can cause consequences in the release of a film.
8. Is very similar to archive materials however while archive footage is a montage like a short film of certain
information related to the topic, library material is something such as a single image. These types of materials are
not copyrighted so they can be used under fair use.
Contributors
A Contributor is a person who contributes, esp. one who writes for a newspaper or one who makes a donation to
cause something that is a factor in or is partly responsible for something (definition from
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/contributor).
Within making a movie or a TV show they’re many different people behind the scenes that helps make it, here
below is a list of the following people that help make a video production.
http://benalexanderkippenbtec.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/unit-1-pre-production-techniques-in.html-helpful
Specialists/Experts
This applies for many things for example if you are filming outside within a factory you will a health and safety
experts to review the set too make sure no actors/extras/stuntman/women can injured. If you are doing a
documentary then you will need to find experts on whatever you are doing.
Talent
The actors themselves contribute to the film and bring the script and character to life by performing them to the
best of their abilities.
The Public
The public can contribute immensely, if you make a film that you want to be the next big thing then it isn't going to
get there without people watching it and telling their friends about it.
Extras
Extras play essentially you in the film; they add the realism to the world that the director wants to bring to life. They
Contributors
9. Codes of Practise and Regulations
One of the reasons media companies undertake pre-production work is to make sure that what they are
planning to produce adhere to the relevant codes of practice, laws and regulations that govern to control their
industry.
http://www.prsformusic.com/aboutus/Pages/default.aspx
The PRS is a licensed organization which allow songwriters and music publishers to perform in licensed venues
and produce copyright material which is then accessible for retail. This organization is needed as music inheritors
need to claim their own material and not end up with copyright consequences such as fees.
http://www.bbfc.co.uk/
The BBFC publishes short but detailed information about all the films and videos we rate. This is called
BBFCinsight. It gives parents a clear idea of how and why films have been rated and what issues the films
contain.
BBFCinsight helps parents, carers and other viewers make informed choices about what they watch. It is
displayed under the title and running time for each film.
10. BECTU is the UK's media and entertainment trade union; sectors covered include broadcasting,
cinema, film, digital media, independent production, leisure, theatre and the arts.
BECTU is needed in the media organization as it provides
• Negotiating pay, conditions and contracts with employers
• Personal advice and representation for individual members
• Advice and representation on health and safety
• Benefits and services for BECTU members
• Networking events and career development opportunities
• Union journal, Stage Screen and Radio, published six times a year.
• Website designed to improve access to the union's advice and support.
https://www.be
ctu.org.uk/abou
t
http://www.pact.
co.uk
Pact is the trade association representing the commercial interests of UK independent
television, film, digital, children’s and animation media companies.
Pact is important as it is socially responsible and seeks to influence the wider
industry to commit to diversity on and off the screen. Pact works closely with
broadcasters and producers' groups to create training opportunities and
promote fair access for all.
