The document discusses various control statements used in programming including if-then, if-then-else, switch/case statements, for, while, do-while loops, and break, continue statements. It provides examples of how each statement can be used including setting and checking conditions, iterating through loops, and breaking or continuing execution.

1. CONTROL STATEMENTS
if-then, if-then-else, switch/case
For, While, Do-while, goto
Break, continue

2. if-then
int price = 8;
if (day == “Tuesday”)
{
price = price/2; // half price on Tuesday
}
The price is 8 but then if today is Tuesday, the price
becomes 4.
There is no “then” in the if-then statement. The part in
purple is considered the if statement and the part in blue is
considered the “then” part.

3. if-then-else
if (hour <= 4 && hour => 6)
{
time = “happy hour”;
}
else
{
time = “regular prices”;
}
The price is 8 but then if today is Tuesday, the price becomes 4.
There is no “then” in the if-then statement. The part in purple is
considered the if statement and the part in blue is considered the
“then” part. The part in green is considered the else part

4. Compound if-then-else
if (today == “Monday”)
{
special = “burgers”;
}
else
{
if (today == “Tuesday”)
{
special = “Chicken Wings”;
}
else
{
if (today == “Wednesday”)
{
special = “Pizza”;
}
}
}

5. Switch (aka Jump to Label)
switch (location)
{
case “Long Branch“ : city = “Long Branch”;
case “New Jersey“ : state = “New Jersey;
case “USA” : country = “USA”
}

6. For loop format
for (initialization; termination; increment)
{
statement(s)
}
•The initialization expression initializes the loop; it's executed once, as the loop
begins.
•When the termination expression evaluates to false, the loop terminates.
•The increment expression is invoked after each iteration through the loop; it is
perfectly acceptable for this expression to increment or decrement a value.

7. For loop example
sum = 0;
for(int i=1; i<11; i++)
{
sum = sum + i;
}
// sum will equal 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10 = 55

8. While loop format
initialization;
while (termination)
{
statement(s)
increment
}
•The initialization expression initializes the loop; it's executed once, as the loop
begins.
•When the termination expression evaluates to false, the loop terminates.
•The increment expression is invoked after each iteration through the loop; it is
perfectly acceptable for this expression to increment or decrement a value.

9. Do-While loop format
initialization;
do {
statement(s)
increment
} while (termination)
•The initialization expression initializes the loop; it's executed once, as the loop
begins.
•When the termination expression evaluates to false, the loop terminates.
•The increment expression is invoked after each iteration through the loop; it is
perfectly acceptable for this expression to increment or decrement a value.

10. Break
firstX = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < max; i++)
{ // interested only in p's
firstX++;
if (A[i] == ‘X')
break; // no point in going further
}

11. Labeled Break
Outer:
for(int outer=0; outer < 10 ; outer++)
{
Inner:
for(int inner=0; intInner < 10; inner++)
{
if(A[outer][inner] == 100)
{
found = true;
break Outer;
}
}
}

12. Continue (skip remainder of loop)
firstX = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < max; i++)
{ // interested only in p's
firstX++;
if (A[i] == ‘X')
continue; // skip doLotsOfStuff but keep looping
doLotsOfStuff();
}

13. Switch with breaks
(aka Compound if-then-else)
switch (today)
{
case “Monday“ : special = “Burgers;
break;
case “Tuesday“ : special = “Chicken Wings;
break;
case “Wednesday” : special = “Pizza”
break;
}