Use ChatGPT in Electrical Engineering (!?) - Contribution to the event "AI Tools at OVGU"

Use in an online test Use in an EMC exercise Use in an exam Closing
Use ChatGPT in Electrical Engineering (!?)
Dr.-Ing. Mathias Magdowski
Chair of Electromagnetic Compatibility
Institute for Medical Technology
Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg
Contribution to the event “AI Tools at OVGU”
License: cb CC BY 4.0 (Attribution-ShareAlike)
Use ChatGPT in Electrical Engineering (!?) 1

Background of this talk
Photo: Christiane Hedtmann, https://www.ga.ovgu.de/Promotion/Services+in+Magdeburg/Perspektive/ChatGPT.html

Disclaimer
Source: https://www.watson.ch/596081264-50-lustige-und-skurrile-witze-die-nur-nerds-verstehen

Discussion status from a year ago
Source: https://twitter.com/StefanLobas/status/1602940245242167296

Use in an electrical engineering online test in the
winter semester 2022/2023

Survey on ChatGPT usage in an online test in January 2023

Question about the nodal conductance matrix
Statement:
Die Knotenspannungsanalyse ist ein Netzwerkberechnungsverfahren, bei der das
Verhalten der Schaltung durch ein Gleichungssystem beschrieben wird, das in
Matrixform geschrieben werden kann. Dabei ergibt die Knotenleitwertmatrix
multipliziert mit dem Spaltenvektor der unbekannten Knotenspannungen den
Spaltenvektor der Stromquellen. Jeder Widerstand in der Schaltung hat dabei
verschiedene Einträge in Form eines Leitwerts in der Knotenleitwertmatrix.

Question about the nodal conductance matrix
Statement:
Die Knotenspannungsanalyse ist ein Netzwerkberechnungsverfahren, bei der das
Verhalten der Schaltung durch ein Gleichungssystem beschrieben wird, das in
Matrixform geschrieben werden kann. Dabei ergibt die Knotenleitwertmatrix
multipliziert mit dem Spaltenvektor der unbekannten Knotenspannungen den
Spaltenvektor der Stromquellen. Jeder Widerstand in der Schaltung hat dabei
verschiedene Einträge in Form eines Leitwerts in der Knotenleitwertmatrix.
Question:
Wie oft kann ein zu einem Widerstand zugehöriger Leitwert maximal auf der
Hauptdiagonale der Knotenleitwertmatrix auftauchen? Man antworte und
begründe die Antwort in Satzform.

Dialog with ChatGPT for the nodal analysis task

Can ChatGPT solve our electrical engineering online test?
https://youtu.be/Q1GsYKDh7_o

How does Google Bard compare?
https://youtu.be/Uj42yzMmDt0

Use in an exercise on electromagnetic compatibility
in the summer semester 2023

Calculation in dB
In der Elektrotechnik und speziell auf dem Gebiet der elektromagnetischen
Verträglichkeit werden Messwerte oft als Pegel in dB angegeben. Für einen
Leistungspegel L gilt die einfache Definition
LP/P0
= 10 · log10

P
P0

dB , (1)
wobei P die Nennleistung und P0 die Bezugsleistung ist.
a) Geben Sie die Leistung 100 W als Leistungspegel in dB (mW) an.
b) Geben Sie die Spannung 50 nV als Spannungspegel in dB (µV) an.
c) Geben Sie den Leistungspegel −20 dB (mW) als eine Leistung in nW an.
d) Wie groß ist der Gesamtleistungspegel, wenn zwei Leistungen mit einem
Pegel von 30 dB (mW) und 30 dB (mW) kombiniert werden?
e) Diskutieren Sie die Vor- und Nachteile der Angabe von Messgrößen in dB.

Subtask a)

Subtask a) (other numerical value)

Subtask b)

Subtask c)

Subtask d)

Subtask e) Advantages

Subtask e) Disadvantages

Prospective use in an electrical engineering exam

Task 12 – Current and charge
Die skizzierte Zeitabhängigkeit des Stromes ist durch Gleichungen
abschnittsweise zu beschreiben. Ausgehend von Q = 0 bei t = 0 sind dann die
zugehörigen Gleichungen für die Ladung Q(t) durch Integration zu errechnen und
grafisch darzustellen.
1 2 3 5 6
−2
−1
1
2
4 Zeit, t in s
Strom, i(t) in A

Tempting promise

You gonna give something to get something!

The future is now!

ChatGPT solution of task 12

Task 16 – Current density
Ein Blechstreifen variabler Breite b und konstanter Dicke s wird in x=Richtung von
einem Strom durchflossen. Der Strom tritt in Fläche 1 ein und aus Fläche 2 aus.
Man berechne mit b1 = 3 · b2 die Stromdichte in Abhängigkeit von der
Ortskoordinate x, d. h. J = f(x). Die Stromdichte ist in normierter Form J(x)
J(0)
grafisch darzustellen.
b1 b2
s
x = 0 x = l

What about other tasks?
https://youtu.be/Vbd3jmjyQJc

Back to the beginning
▶ What should the students learn?
What skills should they develop?

▶ Which methods and processes are suitable for imparting the necessary
knowledge?
How can students be well supported in acquiring their own skills?

▶ Which methods and processes are suitable for imparting the necessary
knowledge?
How can students be well supported in acquiring their own skills?
▶ How can learning progress and skills be assessed (formative and
summative)?
What false incentives result from this?

Wanted: “AI control competence”
Sources: https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=11907;
https://www.atanet.org/client-assistance/why-should-i-hire-a-professional/ und
https://www.estertranslations.com/de/blog/would-you-eat-here/

Specific idea
Students solve (examination) tasks with the help of ChatGPT and . . .
▶ mark correct and incorrect solution steps

Specific idea
▶ correct and improve the solution

Specific idea
▶ present the correct solution in a technically correct way

Specific idea
▶ discuss alternative solutions

Specific idea
▶ use expert knowledge and “high” competence levels of Bloom’s taxonomy

Specific idea
▶ analyze

Specific idea
▶ analyze
▶ evaluate and assess

Specific idea
▶ analyze
▶ evaluate and assess
▶ create

ChatGPT won’t save us either!
Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammerHumor/comments/135iokd/ai_is_taking_over/

ChatGPT may help us after all
I have found a wonderful function of ChatGPT. The program gives me
very good mnemonics from my point of view. If I put the phrase “explain
as if I were a child” after the word I don’t understand, very entertaining
stories come out. For example, the program explains oscillating circuits
by saying that capacitors and coils can only dance to their own rhythms.
The frequency at which the two imaginary parts of the impedances bal-
ance each other out is therefore the rhythm at which both components
can dance. Even if the technical aspects are perhaps not completely cor-
rect, the whole thing conjures up a wonderful image in my head.

But!
Lots of open questions about the usage:
▶ License costs

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ Matthew effect of accumulated advantage

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ Data protection and privacy issues

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ Voluntary vs. mandatory use

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ “Depersonalization” of teaching as a social process

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ Can AI create motivation?

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ What is the purpose of learning?

But!
▶ License costs
▶ Digital divide
▶ What is the purpose of learning?
▶ Resource consumption

We need to question processes
Source: Kevin Cannon,
https://twitter.com/multikev/status/1616784555788075009

What to do next?
Three biggest to-do’s:
1. Qualifying university lecturers, highlighting benefits and risks for their own
work
2. Create transparency and rules for use to avoid uncertainty, and create
participatory spaces for discourse
3. Proactively try out use and involve students
Source: https://bit.ly/chatGPTzeitreise

Does an AI really only recognize patterns?
Chihuahua or muffin?
Source: https:
//twitter.com/fooduz/status/1351214481410551812
Sloth or chocolate roll?
Source: https://twitter.com/DShadowgazer/status/
1370122409605468168

Does an AI really only recognize patterns?
Hot dogs or legs?
Source: https://twitter.com/DShadowgazer/status/
1370122409605468168
Shar-Pei or croissant?
Source: https://twitter.com/TomPoole007/status/
1634568045992587269

Or does an AI understand, and if so, how much?
Tricky request:
Source: https:
//twitter.com/aaditsh/status/1713148220262498349

Tricky request:
Source: https:
//twitter.com/aaditsh/status/1713148220262498349
Self-test (in German):

Self-test (in English):

Self-test (in English): Finally the penguin:

https://wronghands1.com/2023/11/10/human-vs-ai/
Thank you for your attention!
Are there any further
questions?

Use ChatGPT in Electrical Engineering (!?) - Contribution to the event "AI Tools at OVGU"

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