Lesson Plan on Determining the Characteristics of Vertebrates

2.  Examine the four pictures shown
 Guess the word that connects them all

3. I
A N II M A L S

4. I E
B A CI K B O N

5. I
V E RI T E B R A T EI S
DLHTM IX.An.3.a DLHTM IX.An.3.d
DLHTM IX.SR.3.a (“Kusi”) DLHTM IX.Mc.3.f (butterfly fish)

6. Correct Pronunciation:
vertebrates /vər-tə-brəts/

7. Do you see the connection
between these three words?
How do they relate to one another?
A N I M A L S
E
B A C K B O N
V E RI T E B R A T EI S

8. 1Vertebrates are 2animals
with 3backbones.

9. I

10.  Choose a leader who will facilitate the group
activity.
 Choose a reporter who will present the group
output.
 Encourage everyone to speak up. Give each
member a fair chance to contribute something.
Respect and accept their opinions.
 Work together as a team. Take care that every
member understands the group discussions.

11. 1. Explore the pictures of vertebrates
on your table and examine each.
2. Find out their distinguishing/unique
characteristics.
3. Group them together.
4. Give a big idea and label each group.
5. Check out the rubrics.

12. Rubrics:

13. Determine, Group, Classify, Label.
SB.2.a (Tiki-Tiki)
Sg.3.a (Platymantis)
Mc.3.a (cow) Context
(5 minutes)
salamander
crocodile

14. Determine, Group, Classify, Label.
An.3.b (Warty Pig) Context
Time’s Up
Checking
gecko newt
sea turtle

15.  What common characteristics
does this group have?
 Why did you group them together?
Guide Questions
 How are they similar?
 How are they different from the
other groups?
 How are these vertebrates called?

16. Mammals Reptiles Amphibians

17. What are the classifications of
vertebrates you discovered from the
activity?

19. Distinct Characteristics of Mammals:
1. Mammals are
warm blooded
animals or
endotherms.
Endotherms regulate their body
temperature from within.

20. Distinct Characteristics of Mammals
Check-out the
bodies of these
mammals!

21. Distinct Characteristics of Mammals
2. Bodies of some mammals are
partly or completely covered with
hair or fur which function as
insulation, camouflage, sensory
device, water proofing, signaling
and defense.

22. Distinct Characteristics of Mammals
3. Mammals have lungs for breathing.

23. 4. Mammals are viviparous.
They give birth to their young
and feed them milk from their
mammary glands.
Distinct Characteristics of Mammals

24. CSE Integration
The female mammals are special because they can
become pregnant and give birth to a youngling when
they mature or become a young adult.
For humans, girls or ladies become capable of being
pregnant when they begin having menstruation or
what we call “monthly period”.
Menstruation is a natural part of development into
adulthood. It’s not something girls should be ashamed
of. Having a regular period is desirable and healthy.
What is NOT DESIRABLE is becoming PREGNANT and giving birth at a
very young age (teenage) because the teenager is NOT FULLY-READY.

25. 5. Most mammals live on land while
a few live in water.
Distinct Characteristics of Mammals
SB.2.a (Tiki-Tiki) Whale
dolphin

26. Can mammals fly?
Distinct Characteristics of Mammals
Bats are mammals, not birds. They
are the only mammals capable of
flying by spreading their very long
and wide wings.

27. More
mammals

28. How many of you have experienced
swimming with turtles?

29. Distinct Characteristics of Reptiles:
1. Reptiles are ectotherms or
cold-blooded animals. They
cannot generate their body
temperature internally.
Sea turtles are reptiles.

30. Distinct Characteristics of Reptiles:
2. Reptiles are oviparous
which means they lay eggs.

31. Distinct Characteristics of Reptiles:
3. Reptiles have dry, scaly skin or
plates. Some have scales while
others have shells.

32. Distinct Characteristics of Reptiles:
 They have dry, scaly skin or plates. Some
have scales while others have shells.
 Some live on land while others live in
water.
(Ex: crocodiles, snakes, turtles, alligators,
chameleon, gecko)

34. Distinct Characteristics of Amphibians:
Amphibians are cold-blooded
animals that live a double life.
They live part of their lives in water
and the rest of their lives on land.
They have thin, smooth, moist skin
which help their lungs in breathing.

36. Distinct Characteristics of Amphibians:
All amphibians lay eggs (oviparous)
in water.
The young breathe through their
gills. As they grow older, their gills
are replaced with lungs and they
live on land.
(Ex: salamanders, newts, frogs, toads)

37. Distinct Characteristics of Birds:
Birds are warm-blooded animals or
endotherms. Their body
temperature remains the same even
when air temperature changes.
They are the only animals covered
with feathers.
They have strong and lightweight
bones adapted for flying.

39. Distinct Characteristics of Birds:
 Their mouth are called beaks.
 They lay eggs (oviparous) that
have hard shells.
(Ex: hen, duck, goose, swan, pelican,
ostrich, peacock, turkey)
Note: Penguins are the only birds that
cannot fly.

40. Distinct Characteristics of Fishes:
 Fishes are cold-blooded animals
(ectotherms) that live all their lives
in water.
 Their bodies are covered in scales.
They have gills that let them
breathe underwater.
 They have paired fins and a tail for
swimming.

42. Distinct Characteristics of Fishes:
 Their young are hatched from eggs
(oviparous).
(Ex: sharks, flying fish, stingray,
eel, porcupine fish)

43. Vertebrate animals are important to man
and to other living things including other
animals as food, work helpers and as beautiful
creations of God.
But some are in danger of becoming extinct
due to human activities. What must we do?
Animal Conservation & Protection
 Valuing

44. How can we help conserve and protect
animals especially the endangered species?
List 5 ways.
 Application

45. 1. Classify the animals below as mammal, reptile or
amphibian.
2. Determine/write one (1) distinct/prominent
characteristic of each animal.
 Evaluation
1. 2. 3.
4.
5.

46.  Evaluation Answers
1. amphibian 2. mammal 3. reptile
4. mammal 5. reptile

47. Enrichment:
According to your special abilities, gifts and
talents, choose to do any of the following tasks:
Gifted/Talented in Arts:
Draw one mammal,
reptile or amphibian.
Below your drawing,
give a distinct
characteristic of the
vertebrate you chose to
draw.
Gifted/Talented in Singing and/or
Dancing:
Compose a rap song, jingle, cheer or
chant about the characteristics of
mammals, reptiles or amphibians and
how to protect them against harmful
human activities.

48. Enrichment: Video Viewing
Observe the classroom protocols when viewing videos.

49. Performance Task:
Create an inventory of the vertebrates
commonly seen in the community.
 Assignment

50. Thank you!