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Intermolecular_Forces_of_Attraction_pptx.pptx
- 2. Intermolecular forces are much weaker than the intramolecular forces of attraction but are important because they determine the physical properties of molecules like their: Boiling point- temperature Melting point- change in temperature Density- weight Enthalpies of fusion - The heat which a solid absorbs when it melts.
- 3. Types of intermolecular forces that exist between molecules Dipole-dipole interactions ION-dipole interactions London dispersion forces HYDROGEN BONDING
- 4. Van Der Waals Force -Proposed by Johannes van der Waals -distance dependent interactions. occur when adjacent atoms come close enough that their outer electron clouds just barely touch. This action induces charge fluctuations that result in a nonspecific, nondirectional attraction. These interactions are highly distance dependent, decreasing in proportion to the sixth power of the separation.
- 6. • Electrons in atoms have different distributions depending on which one you choose. • They come in pairs and have specific energies that define the state they are in.
- 7. HELIUM 1 - -
- 9. HELIUM 2 - - HELIUM 1 - - LONDON DISPERSION FORCE
- 10. LONDON DISPERSION FORCE • Are weak attractions that results from the temporary dipoles of molecules. All molecules have London Dispersion Forces. • It is how nonpolar molecules can be attracted to each other. • MIGHT be called van der Waals by other sources. • How noble gases can have other states. • Weaker as distance increases. • Proposed by Fritz London
- 11. LONDON DISPERSION FORCE increases with increasing atomic mass.
- 13. Polar molecules have a slightly positive side and a slightly negative side.
- 14. • The attraction of bond dipoles (Unequal sharing of electons) from covalently bonded atoms. • Only polar molecules. • Stronger than London Dispersion Forces.
- 16. ION POLAR SLIGHT SLIGHT Ion-Dipole Force • electrostatic interaction involving a partially charged dipole of one molecule and a fully charged ion • strength of the force is proportionate to ion charge
- 18. Hydrogen Bonding • forces created when a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom approaches a nearby electronegative atom • a relatively strong force of attraction between molecules • greater electronegativity of the hydrogen bond acceptor will create a stronger hydrogen bond
- 19. Intermolecular force Occurs between … Relative strength Dipole-dipole attraction Partially oppositely charged ions Strongest Hydrogen bonding H atom and , N,O or F atom As strong as dipole-dipole attraction London dispersion attraction Temporary or induced dipoles Weakest Relative strength of intermolecular forces of attraction
- 20. How forces of attraction affect properties of compounds? the stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction, the more energy is required to break those forces
- 21. QUIZ
- 22. 1-3 Physical properties that are determined/affected by intermolecular forces.
- 23. 4 Give one element where Hydrogen Atom can be bonded by Hydrogen Bonding.
- 24. 5 Proponent of the distance dependent interactions.
- 25. 6 Proponent of the London Dispersion Force.
- 26. 7 Identify the type of the intermolecular force. H2S
- 27. 8 Identify the type of the intermolecular force. H2O
- 28. 9 Identify the type of the intermolecular force. HCl
- 29. 10 BONUS
- 30. answErs 1-3: BOILING POINT, Melting point, Density, enthalpies of fusion and vaporization 4: OXYGEN, Nitrogen, Fluorine 5: Johannes van der waals 6: Fritz London 7: London dispersion force 8: HYDROGEN BONDING 9: DIPOLE-DIPOLE 10:BONUS
Editor's Notes
- Clear up misconception. Electrons are not found on a single spot.
- Helium is a noble Gas and nonpolar. Kaya walang mga “Helium Dioxide”. Electrons are always moving.
- This is not permanent because electrons are always moving. Dipoles are molecules/atoms with positive and negative region.
- Electrons are always moving. London dispersion force.
- Nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal. “When temperature increases electrons get more excited and their speed increase. ”
- Larger atoms have higher energy shells (S,P,D,F).
- Water is a polar molecule.
- This is not permanent because electrons are always moving. Dipoles are molecules/atoms with positive and negative region.
- Ion-dipole forces are generated between polar water molecules and a sodium ion. The oxygen atom in the water molecule has a slight negative charge and is attracted to the positive sodium ion. These intermolecular ion-dipole forces are much weaker than covalent or ionic bonds.