Plate tectonics involves the movement of tectonic plates which form the continents and oceans. This movement is caused by convection currents in the molten rock beneath the plates. As the plates move, they push against each other causing mountains to form. The Earth's core, made of iron and nickel, generates the planet's magnetic field as it rotates, similar to a dynamo. This magnetic field protects the Earth from solar radiation. While plate tectonics and the inner workings of the planet remain mysterious, it continues to shape our world and protect it every day.