West Thames College Work

1. Mansour Ahaidi
Unit 58 Sound design Production For The Moving
Images
Development of Sound Design
Task 1
The history of sound design is a powerful tool that film makers’ uses to give
reaction and emotion in sound effect. The sound effects over the years
have been used in many brilliant commercials over the years. They are
owed their power and success to their sound design. The tireless and
efforts of someone with a good ear building the right audio landscape to
match what we see. And this has never been as vital to the process of
making great advertising as it is today. Listen to the soundtracks in the big
winning commercials of the past few years – you can tell a lot of time and
effort has gone into crafting what we hear, making sure these short films
make a lasting impact. Over the years there have been many commercials
that was owned by the power of sound designed witch was very successful.
Sound Design
Sound Design is very important in the media industry. They are used in ever
day life such as film making, television production, theatres, sound
recording and reproduction, live performance, sound, post production, radio
and video games.
Sound Design is mostly involved in manipulation of previously composed or
recording audio; they are sound effect and dialogue. Sound design is manly
composition and manipulation of audio to create desired effect and mood.
Sound Design is a technical creative field. Which covers all non-
compositional elements of performance or recording such as films, play
music, computer games software’s or any other multimedia project. Sound
Design start very long time ago in the theatres.
Present time they are different way’s to record nature sound effects such as
microphones from mobile phones androids, I Phone to capture sound
effects and design. As well using device to record sound
They are two different sounds that are used in every film. They are dietetic
and non-dietetic sound.
Dietetic Sound
Dietetic sounds are sources that are visible in the film industry. They are
common Dietetic Sounds for example an actor speaking to each other
(Dialogue) or Sounds that is originated from any object in the screen for
example police sirens. They could be categorized as sources that are
connected or sources that is disconnected. This could depend on where the
sound sources are visible or on screen.

2. Mansour Ahaidi
Non-Dietetic Sound
Non-Dietetic Sound they are sources that is not presented or implied in the
narrative universe, for example Music or score they are used to augment
emotions. They are often very useful to create a drama for the moment that
would be silent without it.
Benjamin Burtt
Benjamin Ben Burtt is an American sound designer, film editor, director,
screenwriter and voice actor. Ben worked in different films creating different
sound designer that fits the scene. Benjamin worked in Invasion Of The
Body Snatchers in 1978, E.T The Extra- Terrestrial in 1982, Wall-E 2008
and Star Trek in 2009.
He is very famous for creating many different iconic sound effects that was
heard in the Star Wars film collection, such as Voice of R2-D2, the
lightsaber hum, The sound of the blaster guns and heavy breathing sound
of Darth Vader. He also creates the voice of Wall-E character in 2008,
robotic sound of Wall-E’s voice.
John MacDonald
John MacDonald was Scottish voice actor and original head of Disney
Sound effect department. During 1947 to 1977 he was the voice of Mickey
Mouse. He directed sound design for animation shorts as aurally
complicated as Mickey’s Trailer in 1938. John develops in different original
invention and contraption of express sound for each characters like Casey
JR and many other characters from different films that he was include.
Jim Macdonald retired in age of 42 years he retired from Disney Studio
staff. In 1934 he was hired to work in special assignments for the studio. He
formed newly established sound effects departments worked as musician
and creating different soundtrack for Disney. He created different Disney
sound effect building the necessary contraption for his workshop.
Bibliography:
http://usoproject.blogspot.co.uk/2010/02/time-machine-part-iii-jimmy-
macdonald.html

3. Mansour Ahaidi
Walter Murch
Walter started editing and mixing different sound. He worked with different
directors throughout his carrier such as Francis Ford Coppola, George
Lucas’s. One of the films that he created was The Godfather he mixed
sounds. Murch used different technique has he compared the process of
film editing to be organized. Walter organized his work to separate his
editing mind from his creating mind.
In 1995 Walter created a book that examples film editing called The Blink Of
An Eye. The book was translated into many different languages such as
Chinese’s, Italian, Hebrew, Spanish, French, German and Hungarian.
Walter Murch is one of the most internationally renowned editors and sound
designer in the world. He carries a unique perspective on the craft of
cinema. Walter worked in the sound designer in many of Francis Ford
Coppola’s films just as The Rain People, The Conversation, and The
Godfather part 2 and 3. Walter Murch was first awarded an Oscar for editing
done electronically on Avid System for The English Patient. Walter Murch.
Bibliography:
http://nofilmschool.com/2014/02/watch-masterclass-legendary-film-editor-
sound-designer-walter-murch
Jack Donovan Foley
Jack Foly was a developer of many sound effect technique used in
filmmaking. Jack was a credited with a inventing the process of adding
sound effects for films such as footsteps, environment sound; accordingly,
individuals engaged they are called Foley Artists. Jack Foley was first
created sound effect the increase a particular scene in the film. He used pre
recorded generic sounds, Foley’s process which was involved in creating
sounds in real time, synchronized to individual production making the sound
realistic feel to the audience. Jack created a business in Los Angeles to
manage to persuade several small time studio bosses in that town.
Bibliography:
http://www.theawsc.com/2014/01/31/a-brief-history-of-sound-design/
http://irishamerica.com/2012/01/jack-foley-and-the-art-of-sound/

4. Mansour Ahaidi
Task 2:
The three clips that I will be analysing in depth how they sound design
appears for the audience to watch are as follow. The first clip is from Rocky
3 showing Carl Weathers as Apollo Creed training with Rocky Balboa
played by Sylvester Stallone. This clip is a montage of Rocky Balboa in the
process and developing his skills to fight. The song playing is Gonna Fly
Now by Bill Conti. From 0.00 to 0.11 it’s start of start of the scene, Rocky
Balboa and Carl Weathers are running. The soundtrack marries well with
the images as the footsteps are in time with the music. With each footstep
the music builds and gets louder and louder. The song that is being used
uses a variety of different instrument including piano, trumpets and drums.
In the beginning there is trumpet sound where the volume is medium and
there is two people running in the background. Then the trumpet changes to
drums as in the image the two people emotions changes as he was
They are preparing to train. Then the drums appears back as in the image
Rocky is hitting the boxing bag the volume is loud as Rocky tries hitting the
boxing bag quickly as Apollo Creed speaks to Rocky Balboa. As Rocky
Balboa shows his developing skills when running and boxing music gets
higher, there is foot, then the key from the trumpet changes from low notes
to high notes as Rocky Balboa is hitting the punch bag and when he is
running, the music appears ground of people singing ‘ Trying hard now it so
hard now trying hard now’ the images is showing Rocky Balboa trying hard
to develop his skills, there is high note drum sound where they are running
fast. The instrument changes to trumpet with drums playing together as well
Apollo Creed is speaking with Rocky Balboa. The volume on the audio is
high as the music is lower than the audio. The instrument changes from
trumpet to electronic guitar the volume is high though the scene the
instrument mixes with trumpet with guitar.
As Rocky develops is skills the music begin as the chorus singing " Getting
Strong now Won’t be long now, getting strong now As Rocky Balboa as he
reaches his new stage in training programs, as near the end of training
progress the music appears “Gonna fly now, flying high now, Gonna Fly,
Fly, Fly ” the music that is being played it create a effect that show Rocky
progress as he in the beginning of the scene was not good and find it
difficult to fight.
As Rocky Balboa and Apollo Creed are training very fast the music beat is
cymbal as the volume is medium. There is dialogue where Apollo Creed is
motivating Rocky Balboa where the volume when speaking is loud and the
music slightly turn down so that the audience can hear the speaking. They
are different parts in the scene.
They are different sound effects that are being recorded and it being put on
this video such as two people running, where Rocky Balboa is swimming
and hitting the punch bag. When the directors recorded the scene the video
as well they added the sound effect in the original audio. Such as in the
beginning when they are running there is footsteps running, As well the
sound of the birds flying pass by in the sky, the sound of the hitting boxing
bags and there is narrative whereas Apollo Creed is explaining to Rocky
Balboa how he should punch the bag. They create the sound by getting the
audio recorder and getting someone to punch the bag to create the sound.

5. Mansour Ahaidi
There is two people running back and front, using audio recorder to record
skipping in the scene the music that is being played in the background the
volume lower down as the sound of the audio gets higher
In the beginning there is loud sound where Rocky Balboa and Apollo Creed
are running as well they is sound of the birds flying in the sky and changes
quickly to Apollo Creed speaking with Rocky Balboa the volume is loud so
that the audience can hear what they saying. While in the background the
music is being played the beat of the music changes and gets deeper and
deeper as the story changes. The images in the scene changes as they are
training and Rocky Balboa is developing his skills. There different sound in
the scenes as Rocky Balboa is training he is hitting the boxing glove and
hitting the boxing bags, then changes to Rocky Balboa is in the water
swimming there is sound of the water like a wave coming, he is swimming
Apollo Creed is speaking to Rocky Balboa.
As Rocky training and develop his training the music gets louder and louder
as well Rocky start believing that the changes on his appearance before
and now is changed and got better. Rocky start hitting and running quicker
while the music volume is loud this makes the audience feel more
indentation to what going on.
I have chosen a clip from Rocky Four showing Rocky Balboa training on his
own on we can hear different sounds such as skipping, moving feet as he
prepares himself, then we can hear Rocky Balboa creating a sound and
boxing, As he is training in the background the music is being played is
called John Cafferty - Hearts On Fire. It changes nearing some breaking a
wood using hammer while Dolph Lundgren played by Drago he is in the
gym weighting lefts , He makes the noises as he is tired of lifting the weight
, The noises that Rocky Balboa create when he is breaking the woods to get
stronger. It changes to Rocky Balboa hitting the boxing glove and making
the noise while the music volume changes making the audience more in to
the film. The instrument that is being used in this video is drums to make the
music loud in different parts of the montages giving the audience something
to look forward. In this scene they are different instruments that is being
played and in different angles such as in the beginning the music is level is
4 when it gets to the intrusting parts when Rocky Balboa is developing is
skills. As well though out this song drums kit is being played making the
different sound effect weather is low or high in some parts of the montages.
The directors uses audio recorder to record each sound that this video clip
montages has in the beginning of the scene it starts of Rocky Balboa
skipping in a fast manager the sound that appears is very high, As he
continues doing skipping he skips faster and faster as the sound appears
louder and louder. The music that is being played starts of loud the music
beats the using drams and trumpet. Then changes where Rocky Balboa is
doing push up where the he create a sound that he is tried of doing push
ups. The also use the audio recorder to record the sound of breaking
woods. As well it shows Rocky Balboa opponent Captain Lvan Drago
played by Dolph Lundgren using the different machine to get stronger, They
use the audio recorder to record the sound of hitting boxing bags the music
volume turns down so that the audience can hear the sound of the boxing.
There is sound of using the ropes being pulled up and the actor talking as
well. There is the sound of the car driving pass where Rocky Balboa is
running toward a mountain and screaming loud when the audios that is
being put in the original clips the volume of the songs that is being played in

6. Mansour Ahaidi
the background the volume turn downs as the audio volume is up.
Bibliography:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SUzcDUERLo ( Rocky 4 Training
Montage Heart On Fire)
My second choice that I choose was a film called Saving Private Ryan in
1998. The director of this film record this scene and added different original
audio recording sound and complained them together in audio system to
create gun shooting, bomb exploding, and three breaking. In this scene
from 0.00 to 0.02 the sound effect that the audience hears is someone
breathing very highly while the camera is showing the person scared and
terrifying during the battle. The sound that is been used is someone
breathing into sound audio very heavily and is been collected and is been
put with the video clip. As well as the person breathing we can hear few gun
shot it start medium however from 0.02 up to 0.08 second The audience
can hear the sound design is getting very heavily as five different things are
going on at some time for example men that is looking from telescope the
bomb explosive the volume gets louder as the bomb hits in the ground floor.
The camera moves from the person looking at the
The camera focus using medium shot showing a person is breathing heavily
their guns shooting the camera focus on the person looking through the
telescope showing the audience what the person is looking and what they
are going through. Suddenly the camera changes the direction and shows a
person throwing the bombs exploitations, the camera creates a sense of the
viewers feeling. It makes the audience imaging if they are in war. The
camera brings the audience into the film and sometimes takes the audience
out. This creates a great sense of feeling for the audience when watching
this film. As the video continues the sound effect becomes heavily as few
different sound are being played at the some time. The camera changes
showing from the viewers perceptive as what the audience is watching.

7. Mansour Ahaidi
As the war progress the camera style of filming changes as the person that
was looking at telescope moves from one side to the other side because of
the bomb explosion the camera changes as it moves in different direction.
The way that the sound is created is using different tools such as drums,
valets and many other types of equipment to create the gun noises and
bomb exploding noise. They have used avid highly class software they mix
and match different equipments to create different sounds. The director
uses high frequency bomb explosion to get the audience attention and gives
a sense of the film where it going on for the audience to watch.
From 0.15 to 0.23 second there repeat of the some sound gun shooting
from the distances as the men with the telescope moves around it make
moving sound. As the guns is shooting the person get terrifying and breaths
faster. The sound that the audience can hear men legs is moving, breathing
heavily, threes is broken down, guns shooting through out the scene.
From 0.24 to 0.32 the scene sound get louder as the bomb been exploded
three times in a row. Then man that is hiding get scared and moves. He
reacts as his live is in danger, making the audience feel intendance and
scared.
Biography:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFFlHFgYmpU (Saving Private Ryan)

8. Mansour Ahaidi
My third scene I have chosen Star Wars film collection a scene where
Skywalker Vs Darth Vader Vs Darth Sidious. The beginning of the scene
start of music is been played in the background throughout the scene. It
layers sound effects when Luke Skywalker turn around and reaches for his
lightsaber the sound changes making the audience feel very excited. When
the action is taking place the voice of Darth Sidious appears as he laughs in
a creepy voice. The way that the sound designed is been used is very
cleaver as the background music the frequency is low while as the voice
volume become louder for the audience to understand what the characters
is saying. The sound effects is that is been used is professional standard
making each sequence as the video clip different sound effects so that the
audience does not get tired and bored of listening to one sound.
From 0:07 to 0:13 It is very fast pass as Skywaller and Darth Vader are
fighting each other. The sound that the audience can hear footsteps, The
sound of lightsaber from Darth Vader and Skywaller.
Bibliography:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZ_j3s5xj8I (Star Wars: Luke
Skywalker vs. Darth Vader vs. Darth Sidious )
In concussion:
I think that sound design has changed very much since the first time that
was used in1980s. As the year went on recording design has developed so
much that know in present time is very easy and simple for people to create
different sound effects. As the years went on new technologies are been
created to record and synchronised the audio to computers. As well
software’s to edit are been created to edited raw footages. I think that in
1980s was difficult to create a particular sound that they may want.

9. Mansour Ahaidi
Sound Design Timeline
Evnest Von Siemens was the first inventor of sound that introduced in film
industry. He created an inventing machine called Dynamic Transducer.
Later on was developed into speakers that give a new meaning to exhibiting
sound that would effectively.
Emile Berliner he invented the first Carbon Microphone that was first began
the sound revolution. He created the first way to record sound and supply
new way to record sounds in to a flat disc recording.
William Dickson he developed the sound film. He was working with
someone called Thomas Edison and they both produced Kinetophone.
Kinetophone was a device that could play sound back recording on vinyl
recording. William created the first popular exhibit sound film that used
Synchronised sound and image.
Tri Ergon A German they were conglomerate was noticeable developing
new technology. They created a machine called Movie Tone in 1926. This
machine would record audio to film strips. Which was better to
synchronisation. Moving Tone was better quality sound using the some
style that would record filmstrips.
Lee De Forest was a technique pioneer he created machine called The
Phono Film. It was similar to the Tri Ergon. However The Phono Film they
produced much better sound quality and Synchronisation. The Fox
company bought the machine. In 1930th
Warner Brothers had a method to
record onto vinyl.
There were two group of sound engineer. George Grover and Stanley
Watkins was in that group who worked together to invent a machine called
Vitaphone. That would record a flat disc at the time meant. Which was the
front leading of sound recording. They developed a system that would work
better than any developing sound film system. George also invited
instrumental called Dubbing. He continued the development of sound. He
introduced multiple automated vinyl recording.
1877
Thomas Alva Edison, he worked in his lab and recovered Mary’s Little lamb
successful strip. He showed his worked by inventing offices of Scientific
American, and the phonograph was born.
1878
Cornestist Jules Levy played “ Yankee Doodle ” was the first music that was
played and was put to record.
1881
Clement Ader was an Engineer using carbon microphone and armature
headphones. Which was produced a series of effects that was listened
outside monitor adjacent telephone lines linked to stage mikes at the Paris
Opera.
1887
Emile Berliner introduced a flat disc called Gramophone that made the
production of multiple copies practical.

10. Mansour Ahaidi
1888
Edison created electric motor called Driven Phonograph.
1895
Marconi created a wireless telegraphy system, which was successfully
experiment in the Italy. This was the first leading transatlantic signal from
Poldhu, Cornwall, United kingdom to St John’s Newfoundland in 1901.
1898
Valdemar Poulsen created the "Telegraphone," recording using steel wire.
900
Pouksen created his invention and showed it to the public in Paris
Exposition.
1901
Emile Berliner and Eldridge Johnson opened up their company called The
Victors Talking Machine Company.
1906
Lee Deforest created the first signal Amplifier using vacuum tube.
1910
Enrico Caruso was the first person that broadcast in Metropolitan Opera,
NYC.
1912
Major Edwin F Armstrong supplied a patent for a regenerative circuit that
made radio reception practical.
1913
Edison used Kinetophone to create the first “Talking Movie” and
demonstrated the process, a cylinder player mechanically and synchronized
to a film project.
1916
Armstrong issued superheterodyne. The society of Motion Picture Engineer
(SMPE) was formed.
1917
The Scully Disk was recorded lathe is introduced. E.C. Wente of Bell. The
Telephone Laboratories they published Physical Review.
Bibliography:
http://www.aes.org/aeshc/docs/audio.history.timeline.html
https://thomastudgefilm.wordpress.com/2013/10/28/sound-design-history-
timeline/
http://www.aes.org/aeshc/docs/audio.history.timeline.html
https://thomastudgefilm.wordpress.com/2013/10/28/sound-design-history-
timeline/