1. Peptic ulcer
Faculty of Home
Economics Nutrition
and food science Dept
.Dietetics program
SUBMITTED BY
AYA HASSAN EL-SAYED NASSAR
UNDER SUPERVISION
PROF/MANAL K ABDEL-RAHMAN
ASST.PROFALAA OSAMA
ASST.
RA/ DR SALWA SALAMA HAFEZ
LEVEL 4 SECTION 2
4. o -introduction
Peptic ulcer disease represents a serious medical problem. Approximately 500,000 new cases
are reported each year, with 5 million people affected in the United States alone. Interestingly,
those at the highest risk of contracting peptic ulcer disease are those generations born around
the middle of the 20th century. Ulcer disease has become a disease predominantly affecting
the older population, with the peak incidence occurring between 55 and 65 years of age. In
men, duodenal ulcers were more common than gastric ulcers; in women, the converse was
found to be true. Thirty-five percent of patients diagnosed with gastric ulcers will suffer
serious complications. Although mortality rates from peptic ulcer disease are low, the high
prevalence and the resulting pain, suffering, and expense are very costly.
5. o Definition
Gastric and duodenal ulcers are breaks in the gastric and
duodenal mucosa. Both gastric and duodenal ulcers relate
to the corrosive action of pepsin and hydrochloric acid on
the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Ulcers
generally range between 3 mm and several centimeters in
diameter
6. o Causes
• A bacterium
• Regular use of certain pain relievers
• Other medications. Taking certain other medications along with NSAIDs, such as steroids,
anticoagulants, low-dose aspirin, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), alendronate
(Fosamax) and risedronate (Actonel), can greatly increase the chance of developing ulcers.
7. ❑Risk Factors
In addition to having risks related to taking NSAIDs, you
may have an increased risk of peptic ulcers if you:
Smoke. Smoking may increase the risk of peptic ulcers in
people who are infected with H. pylori.
Drink alcohol. Alcohol can irritate and erode the mucous
lining of your stomach, and it increases the amount of
stomach acid that's produced.
Have untreated stress.
Eat spicy foods.
Alone, these factors do not cause ulcers, but they can make
ulcers worse and more difficult to heal.
8. ❑Sign and symptoms
•Burning stomach pain
•Feeling of fullness, bloating or belching
•Intolerance to fatty foods
•Heartburn
•Nausea
•Burning stomach pain
•Dark blood in stools, or stools that are black or tarry
•Trouble breathing
•Feeling faint
•Nausea or vomiting
•Unexplained weight loss
•Appetite changes
9. ❑ Complications
•Internal bleeding. Bleeding can occur as slow blood loss that leads to anemia or as
severe blood loss that may require hospitalization or a blood transfusion. Severe blood
loss may cause black or bloody vomit or black or bloody stools.
•A hole (perforation) in your stomach wall. Peptic ulcers can eat a hole through (perforate)
the wall of your stomach or small intestine, putting you at risk of serious infection of your
abdominal cavity (peritonitis).
•Obstruction. Peptic ulcers can block passage of food through the digestive tract,
causing you to become full easily, to vomit and to lose weight either through swelling from
inflammation or through scarring.
•Gastric cancer. Studies have shown that people infected with H. pylori have an
increased risk of gastric cancer.
11. Treatment
Options
ANTIBIOTIC TO KILL H.
MEDICATION SPYLORI
Antacids that neutralize
stomach acid.
•Medications that block acid
production and promote healing.
Medications to reduce
acid production
Medications that protect the
lining of your stomach and small
intestine.
